Application of Artificial Intelligence and Blockchain in healthcare management - donor organ transplant system

Purpose: Research ventures to expand the reach of organ transplant mechanisms to improve the abysmally low organ transplant rate in the country. The research deploys state of the art technologies to promote deceased organ donation using the donor organ transplant system. Research methodology: The exploratory study focuses on addressing the limitation of resources using a Socio-material view.  The research utilizes qualitative content analysis to reflect on the knowledge drawn from the artifacts. Results: The presented study leverages the capabilities of Artificial Intelligence and Blockchain technologies to benefit from the convergence. In line with the concept of 'Texture of Practices,' research provides recommendations to augment the organ transplant system in terms of procurement, coordination, and transplantation. Limitations: Drawing the knowledge from the case studies, research strives to understand the reality and interaction of actors in a healthcare context. Considering the complex nature of the organ transplant process, the study is limited to the Indian scenario and cannot be generalized. Contribution: Research identifies the requirement of a unified digital interface and encourages the integration of emergency health services to facilitate operational processes during organ transplants. Keywords: Healthcare, Organ transplant, A.I., Blockchain, Texture of practice

Smart nudging: How cognitive technologies enable choice architectures for value co-creation

Abstract People make decisions and take actions to improve their viability everyday, and they increasingly turn to artificial intelligence (AI) to assist with their decision making. Such trends suggest the need to determine how AI and other cognitive technologies affect value co-creation. An integrative framework, based on the service-dominant logic and nudge theory, conceptualizes smart nudging as uses of cognitive technologies to affect people's behaviour predictably, without limiting their options or altering their economic incentives. Several choice architectures and nudges affect value co-creation, by (1) widening resource accessibility, (2) extending engagement, or (3) augmenting human actors' agency. Although cognitive technologies are unlikely to engender smart outcomes alone, they enable designs of conditions and contexts that promote smart behaviours, by amplifying capacities for self-understanding, control, and action. This study offers a conceptualization of actors' value co-creation prompted by AI-driven nudged choices, in terms of re-institutionalizing processes that affect agency and practices

Boundary work in value co-creation practices: the mediating role of cognitive assistants

PurposeHow to improve healthcare for the ageing population is attracting academia attention. Emerging technologies (i.e. robots and intelligent agents) look relevant. This paper aims to analyze the role of cognitive assistants as boundary objects in value co-creation practices. We include the perceptions of the main actors – patients, (in)formal caregivers, healthcare professionals – for a fuller network perspective to understand the potential overlap between boundary work and value co-creation practices.Design/methodology/approachWe adopted a grounded approach to gain a contextual understanding design to effectively interpret context and meanings related to human–robot interactions. The study context concerns 21 health solutions that had embedded the Watson cognitive platform and its adoption by the youngest cohort (50–64-year-olds) of the ageing population.FindingsThe cognitive assistant acts as a boundary object by bridging actors, resources and activities. It enacts the boundary work of actors (both ageing and professional, caregivers, families) consisting of four main actions (automated dialoguing, augmented sharing, connected learning and multilayered trusting) that elicit two ageing value co-creation practices: empowering ageing actors in medical care and engaging ageing actors in a healthy lifestyle.Originality/valueWe frame the role of cognitive assistants as boundary objects enabling the boundary work of ageing actors for value co-creation. A cognitive assistant is an "object of activity" that mediates in actors' boundary work by offering novel resource interfaces and widening resource access and resourceness. The boundary work of ageing actors lies in a smarter resource integration that yields broader applications for augmented agency

A service view of “smart” ACAP: the IBM Watson case

Smart technologies exert a direct influence on knowing and learning abilities by facilitating the transfer of knowledge (Iyengar, Sweeney, & Montealegre, 2015), reducing the efforts needed to identify, assimilate and use new knowledge internally (Carlo, Lyytinen, & Rose, 2012). My research aims to analyse the impact of smart Technologies on knowledge-based skills, such as absorption capacity (ACAP) and how the evolution of "smart" ACAP affects value co-creation practices. The study starts from a systematic literature review (SLR) as its methodology, in parallel with the empirical research, based on the artificial intelligence system called IBM Watson. The resulting empirical research based on IBM Watson highlighted the themes evolution of learning and knowing in service science. Consequently, the bibliometric method has been used to enhance the contribution of the SLR focused on learning, knowing, and service research, by an objective assessment of scientific literature, by increasing the rigor, and by alleviating researcher bias (Zupic, 2015). The applied methodology elicited a series of first- and second-order categories, linked to the features of the ACAP and the related changes that IBM Watson enabled. A further level of abstraction allowed me to identify four themes associated with co-creation practices: (1) Dialoguing, (2) Understanding, (3) Creating, and (4) Enabling