The impact of an educational software designed about fundamental of nursing skills on nursing students' learning of practical skills

زمینه و هدف: نرم افزارهای آموزشی به عنوان یک روش یادگیری فراگیر محور، فرصتی برای رشد یادگیرندگان فراهم می کنند و با ایجاد محیط مشارکتی به یادگیرندگان و معلمان اجازه می دهند به جستجو پرداخته و انواع مسائل را بررسی کنند؛ لذا این مطالعه به منظور ارزیابی تأثیر نرم افزار کمک آموزشی طراحی شده در زمینه اصول و فنون عملی پرستاری بر یادگیری مهارت های عملی دانشجویان پرستاری انجام شده است. روش بررسی: در این پژوهش کارآزمایی بالینی که به روش نیمه تجربی انجام شد، تعداد 164 دانشجوی پرستاری در ترم اول به روش سرشماری انتخاب و به روش نمونه گیری تصادفی ساده به دو گروه مداخله (82 نفر) و کنترل (82 نفر) تقسیم شدند. در ابتدا هر دو گروه به روش سنتی تحت آموزش قرار گرفتند. در مرحله بعد برای داشجویان گروه مداخله از نرم افزار کمک آموزشی و برای دانشجویان گروه کنترل مجدداً از روش مطالعه و تمرین به شیوه سنتی جهت آموزش استفاده شد. مهارت عملی دانشجویان در هر دو مرحله از طریق آزمون عملی و چک لیست مورد بررسی قرار گرفت و تأثیر نرم افزار آموزشی طراحی شده در دو گروه مقایسه شد. یافته ها: نرم افزار آموزشی طراحی شده بر یادگیری مهارت های عملی دانشجویان پرستاری موثر بود. به طوری که اختلاف معنی داری در میانگین نمرات آزمون عملی دانشجویان در گروه مداخله مشاهده شد (0/05>P)، در حالی که این اختلاف در گروه کنترل معنی دار نبود. نتیجه گیری: استفاده از نرم افزارهای آموزشی به عنوان یک استراتژی موثر آموزشی می تواند باعث ارتقاء مهارت های عملی دانشجویان پرستاری شود

Sustainability in Historical Houses of Tabriz and its Insignificant Role in Contemporary Houses

ABSTRACT During recent decades, large cities such as Tabriz where urban development phenomenon is increasingly growing encounter many problems. In transition from historical to contemporary houses of Tabriz, historical houses clearly lost some of their values and factors as well as local knowledge, naturalism and saving energy which played a role in contemporary houses. Moreover, changes made during 'Transform and Restore Iranian Historical Cities Program' including Tabriz, resulted in changes in form and structure of residential buildings which does not consider environmental issues; while a development program is considered a sustainable development so that in long-term it qualitatively improves human health and ecological systems. Sustainable architecture theory is derived from this idea; basics and regulations used in this architecture clearly explain most new concepts in sustainable architecture area. Hence the study attempts to identify and describe sustainability, to identify sustainability concepts on architecture, and to analyze these concepts on residential architecture of Tabriz. The study tries to achieve objective basics for sustainable design of Tabrizian buildings

Система дистанционного контроля микроклимата

Материалы XIV Междунар. науч.-техн. конф. студентов, аспирантов и молодых ученых, Гомель, 24–25 апр. 2014 г

Palm Date Fibers: Analysis and Enzymatic Hydrolysis

Waste palm dates were subjected to analysis for composition and enzymatic hydrolysis of their flesh fibers. The fruit contained 32% glucose and 30% fructose, while the water-insoluble fibers of its flesh consisted of 49.9% lignin and 20.9% polysaccharides. Water-insoluble fibers were settled to 55% of its initial volume in 12 h. The presence of skin and flesh colloidal fibers results in high viscosity and clogging problems during industrial processes. The settling velocity of the fibers was improved by enzymatic hydrolysis. Hydrolysis resulted in 84.3% conversion of the cellulosic part of the fibers as well as reducing the settling time to 10 minutes and the final settled volume to 4% of the initial volume. It implies easier separation of the fibers and facilitates fermentation processes in the corresponding industries. Two kinds of high- and low-lignin fibers were identified from the water-insoluble fibers. The high-lignin fibers (75% lignin) settled easily, while the low-lignin fibers (41.4% lignin) formed a slurry suspension which settled very slowly. The hydrophilicity of these low-lignin fibers is the major challenge of the industrial processes

Effect of Intermediate Agents and Preheated Composites on Repair Bond Strength of Silorane-Based Composites

Objectives: Repairing composite restorations is a challenging procedure especially when two different types of composites are used. This study aimed to compare the repair strength of silorane-based composite (SC) (Filtek P90) with that of preheated SC, methacrylate composite (MC)(Z250), flowable MC (Filtek Supreme Plus) and different adhesive/composite combinations. Materials and Methods: Eighty-four SC specimens were fabricated and randomly divided into seven groups (G). In the control group (G7), SC was bonded immediately to SC. The other specimens were water-aged for two months and were then roughened, etched and repaired with the following materials: G1) Silorane Adhesive Bond (SAB)/SC; G2) Preheated SC; G3) SAB/MC; G4) Adper Single Bond (SB)/MC; G5) Flowable MC/MC; G6) Preheated MC. After water storage and thermocycling, the repaired specimens were subjected to shear bond strength testing. The data were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey’s test. Results: Preheated SC and MC, flowable MC and SAB/SC resulted in bond strength comparable to that of the control group. Preheated SC showed significantly higher bond strength when compared to SAB/MC (P=0.04) and SB/MC (P<0.001). Bond strength of SB/MC was significantly lower than that of the other groups (P<0.05), except for SAB/SC and SAB/MC. Conclusion: All repairing materials except for SB/MC resulted in bond strength values comparable to that of the control group. Repair with preheated SC yielded the highest bond strength.

Improvement of ethanol production from birch and spruce pretreated with 1-H-3-methylmorpholinium chloride

Background: Pretreatment is the critically important step for the production of ethanol from lignocelluloses. In this study, hardwood birch (Betula pendula) and softwood spruce (Norway spruce) woods were pretreated with a newly synthesized morpholinium ionic liquid, 1-H-3-methylmorpholinium chloride ([HMMorph][Cl]), followed by enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation to ethanol. Results: [HMMorph][Cl] was synthesized using inexpensive raw materials, i.e., hydrochloric acid and N-methyl morpholine, following a simple process. The influence of pretreatment time (2, 3, 5, and 8 h) and temperature (120 and 140°C) in terms of hydrolysis efficiency was investigated. Glucose yields from enzymatic hydrolysis were improved from 13.7% to 45.7% and 12.9% to 51.8% after pretreatment of birch and spruce woods, respectively, under optimum pretreatment conditions (i.e., at 140°C for 3 h) as compared to those from pristine woods. Moreover, the yields of ethanol production from birch and spruce were increased to 34.8% and 44.2%, respectively, while the yields were negligible for untreated woods. Conclusions: This study demonstrated the ability of [HMMorph][Cl] as an inexpensive agent to pretreat both softwood and hardwood.Bio4Energ

A morpholinium ionic liquid for rice straw pretreatment to enhance ethanol production

Rice straw was successfully pretreated with a novel and inexpensive morpholinium ionic liquid, 1-H-3-methylmorpholinium chloride ([HMMorph][Cl]). The influence of water (30, 40, 50% w/w) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (10, 30% w/w), as co-solvents, pretreatment time (2, 3, 5 h), temperature (90, 105, 120 \ub0C), solid loading (5, 6.7, 10% w/w), and straw particle size (&lt;0.177, 0.177–0.841 mm, and 0.841–2 mm) were investigated for maximum ethanol production. The best results were obtained in 50% water, at 120 \ub0C and 5% (w/w) solid loading for 5 h from 0.177 – 0.841 mm straw particles. The hydrolysis yield was increased from 33.2% to 70.1%, while ethanol production yield was improved from 21.9% to 64% of the theoretical maximum. The performance of the IL was comparable to 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate. Simple synthesis process and dilute solution required for the pretreatment with [HMMorph][Cl] offers cost reductions in the use of ILs in biofuel production

Designing A Model of Educational Guidance for the First Period of Secondary School Students (Tehran City Case Study)

This study aimed to design an educational guidance model for the students in the first period of secondary school students in Tehran. The field of research included experts in the field of academic guidance who were selected by purposeful sampling. The sample size after reaching the theoretical saturation stage was 21 people. A semi structure interview was applied to collecting data. Data analysis was through open, central and selective coding. The results revealed six dimentions and 18 components. In the first dimension (student), three components were identified include: 1- intelligence and talent 2- motivation, interest, desire and spirit of the student 3- abilities and skills. In the second (family) three components were identified include:  1- providing comprehensive information to parents 2- family economy 3- cultural and social background of parents. In the third dimension (the teacher) three components were identified include: 1- access to expert teachers 2- professional commitment of teachers in correct guidance 3- continuous training of teachers. In the fourth dimension (counselor) three components were identified include: 1- Desirable counseling and psychological services 2- Using an expert in the field of educational guidance planning 3- Improving the level of knowledge and qualification of educational guides. In the fifth identified dimension (school) three components were identified include: 1- Implementation of intelligence and talent tests 2- Academic records of students 3- Providing counseling and online tests. Finally in the sixth dimension (society) three components were identified include: 1- Considering the needs of the country 2- Guiding the student without compulsion, 3- Paying attention to the labor market. In general, our findings contribute to the development of an native model of educational guidance for use in the first period of secondary schools in Iran

The Relationship between Burnout and Mental Health of Employees Working in Khorshid Educational and Therapeutic Complex, Isfahan, Iran

Background: Promotion of workplace mental health is one of the most important aspects of human resource improvement and development, and in recent decades, organizations' attention to healthy physical and intellectual forces in economic, educational, service, and industrial institutions has had an undeniable role in increasing productivity. This study was conducted with the aim to investigate the relationship between burnout and mental health at Khorshid Educational and Research Complex, Iran. Methods: This study was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive correlational in terms of the data collection method. The study population included all employees working in Khorshid Hospital in 2020 who had at least a diploma and 3 years of work experience. From among them, 255 individuals were selected as the sample. The participants were selected through convenience sampling and non-contingent methods. The participants were selected from among the staff who met the inclusion criteria through an easy sampling method. The required information in this study was collected using the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), Goldberg's General Health Questionnaire (GHQ), and the ‎Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO PI-R)‎. Data were analyzed using independent t-test and chi-square test in SPSS software. Results: There was a significant relationship between personality and neuroticism with burnout (P < 0.001). There was a significant relationship between burnout and overall mental health and decreased mental health (P<0.001). There was no significant relationship between "poor social performance" with burnout; ‎"physicalization", "anxiety and insomnia", and "degree ‎of depression had a significant relationship with ‎burnout (P < 0.001). Conclusion: According to the results of this study, there was a relationship between burnout, and mental health and personality traits in the educational and therapeutic complex. Employees with higher burnout and neuroticism personality traits showed reduced mental health