402 research outputs found
University of Amsterdam at TREC 2019:Complex Answer Retrieval Track
This paper documents the University of Amsterdamâs participation in the TREC 2019 Complex Answer Retrieval Track. This is the ïŹrst year we actively participate in TREC CAR, attracted by the introduction to the limited âbudgetâ of 20 passages per heading in the outline. We conducted initial exploratory experiments on making each heading contain a unique set of passages within the outline, and even do this hierarchical for each subtree and main title/article level, hence remove any redundancy between passages for different âqueriesâ within the same title. We experimented with top-down and bottom-up ïŹltering approaches. At the time of writing we are still in the process of analyzing the results. Some initial observations are the following. First, the restriction makes the task very challenging, as assigning any passage to the right heading in the outline is highly non-trivial. Qualitative analysis shows that our simple heuristics often make a different decision than the editorial judges on the heading under which a passage relevant to the titleâs topic is assigned. Second, the fraction of judged and relevant passages per individual query or leave node is very small, making it hard to draw any deïŹnite conclusions on our experiments, and also resulting in a too small recall base to evaluate our non-pooled runs in a meaningful way. Third, when aggregating all qrels and runs to the title level, there is reasonable eïŹectiveness of the underlying BM25 rankings, showing that the underlying passage ranking is not unreasonable, and that the hard and interesting problem is in the exact assignment of passages to the ârightâ headings
University of Amsterdam at TREC 2019:Complex Answer Retrieval Track
This paper documents the University of Amsterdamâs participation in the TREC 2019 Complex Answer Retrieval Track. This is the ïŹrst year we actively participate in TREC CAR, attracted by the introduction to the limited âbudgetâ of 20 passages per heading in the outline. We conducted initial exploratory experiments on making each heading contain a unique set of passages within the outline, and even do this hierarchical for each subtree and main title/article level, hence remove any redundancy between passages for different âqueriesâ within the same title. We experimented with top-down and bottom-up ïŹltering approaches. At the time of writing we are still in the process of analyzing the results. Some initial observations are the following. First, the restriction makes the task very challenging, as assigning any passage to the right heading in the outline is highly non-trivial. Qualitative analysis shows that our simple heuristics often make a different decision than the editorial judges on the heading under which a passage relevant to the titleâs topic is assigned. Second, the fraction of judged and relevant passages per individual query or leave node is very small, making it hard to draw any deïŹnite conclusions on our experiments, and also resulting in a too small recall base to evaluate our non-pooled runs in a meaningful way. Third, when aggregating all qrels and runs to the title level, there is reasonable eïŹectiveness of the underlying BM25 rankings, showing that the underlying passage ranking is not unreasonable, and that the hard and interesting problem is in the exact assignment of passages to the ârightâ headings
Jockeying for position: the construction of masculine identities
In this paper we examine the construction of masculine identities within a real-life social situation. Using data from an extensive series of interviews with small groups of sixth-form (17-18-year-old) students attending a UK-based, single-sex independent school, the analysis looks at the action orientation of different constructions of identity. More specifically, it focuses upon how the identity talk of one particular group of students were oriented towards managing their subordinate status within the school. In a number of instances the identity of the `new man' was adopted as a strategy of resistance. However, it was found that the more common strategy involved buying back into values embodied within a more traditional definition of masculinity
Validation of distinct type 2 diabetes clusters and their association with diabetes complications in the DEVOTE, LEADER and SUSTAIN-6 cardiovascular outcomes trials
Aims: To validate the clusters of Swedish individuals with recent-onset diabetes at differential risk of complications, which were identified in a previous study, in three global populations with long-standing type 2 diabetes (T2D) who were at high cardiovascular risk, and to test for differences in the risk of major diabetes complications and survival endpoints. Materials and methods: We assigned participants from recent global outcomes trials (DEVOTE [n = 7637], LEADER [n = 9340] and SUSTAIN-6 [n = 3297]) to the previously defined clusters according to age at diabetes diagnosis, baseline glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and body mass index (BMI). Outcomes were assessed using KaplanâMeier analysis and log-rank tests. Results: The T2D clusters were consistently replicated across the three trial cohorts. The risk of major adverse cardiovascular events and cardiovascular death differed significantly, in all trials, across clusters over a median follow-up duration of 2.0, 3.8 and 2.1 years, respectively, and was highest for the cluster of participants with high HbA1c and low BMI (P < 0.05 in DEVOTE and LEADER). In LEADER and SUSTAIN-6, the risk of nephropathy differed across clusters (P < 0.0001 and P = 0.003, respectively). The risk of severe hypoglycaemia differed in DEVOTE (P = 0.006). Conclusions: Previously identified clusters can be replicated in three geographically diverse cohorts of long-standing T2D and are associated with cluster-specific risk profiles for additional clinical and survival outcomes, providing further validation of the clustering methodology. The external validity and stability of clusters across cohorts provides a premise for future work to optimize the clustering approach to yield T2D subgroups with maximum predictive validity who may benefit from subtype-specific treatment paradigms
Responses and adaptations of collembolan communities (Hexapoda: Collembola) to flooding and hypoxic conditions
Centrality Dependence of the High p_T Charged Hadron Suppression in Au+Au collisions at sqrt(s_NN) = 130 GeV
PHENIX has measured the centrality dependence of charged hadron p_T spectra
from central Au+Au collisions at sqrt(s_NN)=130 GeV. The truncated mean p_T
decreases with centrality for p_T > 2 GeV/c, indicating an apparent reduction
of the contribution from hard scattering to high p_T hadron production. For
central collisions the yield at high p_T is shown to be suppressed compared to
binary nucleon-nucleon collision scaling of p+p data. This suppression is
monotonically increasing with centrality, but most of the change occurs below
30% centrality, i.e. for collisions with less than about 140 participating
nucleons. The observed p_T and centrality dependence is consistent with the
particle production predicted by models including hard scattering and
subsequent energy loss of the scattered partons in the dense matter created in
the collisions.Comment: 7 pages text, LaTeX, 6 figures, 2 tables, 307 authors, resubmitted to
Phys. Lett. B. Revised to address referee concerns. Plain text data tables
for the points plotted in figures for this and previous PHENIX publications
are publicly available at
http://www.phenix.bnl.gov/phenix/WWW/run/phenix/papers.htm
The PHENIX Experiment at RHIC
The physics emphases of the PHENIX collaboration and the design and current
status of the PHENIX detector are discussed. The plan of the collaboration for
making the most effective use of the available luminosity in the first years of
RHIC operation is also presented.Comment: 5 pages, 1 figure. Further details of the PHENIX physics program
available at http://www.rhic.bnl.gov/phenix
Azimuthal anisotropy and correlations in p+p, d+Au and Au+Au collisions at 200 GeV
We present the first measurement of directed flow () at RHIC. is
found to be consistent with zero at pseudorapidities from -1.2 to 1.2,
then rises to the level of a couple of percent over the range . The latter observation is similar to data from NA49 if the SPS rapidities
are shifted by the difference in beam rapidity between RHIC and SPS.
Back-to-back jets emitted out-of-plane are found to be suppressed more if
compared to those emitted in-plane, which is consistent with {\it jet
quenching}. Using the scalar product method, we systematically compared
azimuthal correlations from p+p, d+Au and Au+Au collisions. Flow and non-flow
from these three different collision systems are discussed.Comment: Quark Matter 2004 proceeding, 4 pages, 3 figure
Azimuthal anisotropy: the higher harmonics
We report the first observations of the fourth harmonic (v_4) in the
azimuthal distribution of particles at RHIC. The measurement was done taking
advantage of the large elliptic flow generated at RHIC. The integrated v_4 is
about a factor of 10 smaller than v_2. For the sixth (v_6) and eighth (v_8)
harmonics upper limits on the magnitudes are reported.Comment: 4 pages, 6 figures, contribution to the Quark Matter 2004 proceeding
All-optical switching and strong coupling using tunable whispering-gallery-mode microresonators
We review our recent work on tunable, ultrahigh quality factor
whispering-gallery-mode bottle microresonators and highlight their applications
in nonlinear optics and in quantum optics experiments. Our resonators combine
ultra-high quality factors of up to Q = 3.6 \times 10^8, a small mode volume,
and near-lossless fiber coupling, with a simple and customizable mode structure
enabling full tunability. We study, theoretically and experimentally, nonlinear
all-optical switching via the Kerr effect when the resonator is operated in an
add-drop configuration. This allows us to optically route a single-wavelength
cw optical signal between two fiber ports with high efficiency. Finally, we
report on progress towards strong coupling of single rubidium atoms to an
ultra-high Q mode of an actively stabilized bottle microresonator.Comment: 20 pages, 24 figures. Accepted for publication in Applied Physics B.
Changes according to referee suggestions: minor corrections to some figures
and captions, clarification of some points in the text, added references,
added new paragraph with results on atom-resonator interactio
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