Le temps de l’immigré dans Silences, Addolorata et Déjà l’agonie de Marco Micone

Works by immigrant writers have been analyzed on the basis of their linguistic aspects and their ways of defining identity. This article deals with another dimension of immigration, namely the temporal experiences of Italian immigrants in Canada dramatized by Marco Micone in Silences (2004), a second version of Gens du silence (1982), Addolorata (1984), and Déjà l’agonie (1988). Largely autobiographical in nature, Micone’s trilogy deals with the experiences of first-generation Italian immigrants following World War II. Left to face a difficult situation, these men and women from rural areas share certain experiences common to first-generation immigrants: the need to find continuity with their pre-immigration past; an often traumatic process; feeling that everyday life is marked by circular time; being stuck in an eternal present, as though time were suspended and perhaps even broken. Their situation modifies — and often inhibits — their temporal perspectives and their ability to project into the future. Such experiences can be read through the words, attitudes, and actions of characters in relation to their integration, and can be seen through a series of episodes from the past (memories the characters cannot avoid) that intrude into present-time, disrupting the chronological order of events. In this article, García Martínez analyzes problematic temporalities mainly through the scope of psychoanalytical studies and through the lens of psychotherapy.L’écriture des auteurs immigrés a été analysée en fonction des aspects linguistiques et de la définition de l’identité. Cet article porte sur une autre facette de l’expérience de l’immigration, soit les expériences temporelles vécues par les immigrants italiens au Canada, telles qu’elles apparaissent dans la trilogie de Marco Micone, composée de Silences (2004), seconde version de Gens du silence (1982), Addolorata (1984) et Déjà l’agonie (1988). Cette trilogie, qui a un important contenu autobiographique, expose l’expérience d’immigrants italiens de la première génération après la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Confrontés à une situation difficile, provenant de milieux ruraux, ces immigrants vivent des expériences particulières, fréquentes chez les immigrants de première génération : la continuité avec le passé datant d’avant l’immigration; un parcours d’immigration souvent traumatique; l’enfermement du quotidien dans un temps circulaire; l’immobilisation dans un présent figé, semblable à un « temps suspendu et même rompu » qui modifie — et souvent empêche — les perspectives temporelles et les projections dans le futur. Ces expériences se manifestent dans les paroles, les attitudes et les actions des personnages par rapport à leur intégration, mais également dans l’irruption d’épisodes du passé (les souvenirs que les personnages ne peuvent éviter) dans le présent, rompant ainsi l’ordre chronologique des évènements. Dans cet article, ces temporalités problématiques sont analysées principalement à l’aide d’études psychanalytiques et sont envisagées sous un angle relevant de la psychothérapie

Into the Dark: Exploring the Deep Ocean with Single-Virus Genomics

Single-virus genomics (SVGs) has been successfully applied to ocean surface samples allowing the discovery of widespread dominant viruses overlooked for years by metagenomics, such as the uncultured virus vSAG 37-F6 infecting the ubiquitous Pelagibacter spp. In SVGs, one uncultured virus at a time is sorted from the environmental sample, whole-genome amplified, and sequenced. Here, we have applied SVGs to deep-ocean samples (200–4000 m depth) from global Malaspina and MEDIMAX expeditions, demonstrating the feasibility of this method in deep-ocean samples. A total of 1328 virus-like particles were sorted from the North Atlantic Ocean, the deep Mediterranean Sea, and the Pacific Ocean oxygen minimum zone (OMZ). For this proof of concept, sixty single viruses were selected at random for sequencing. Genome annotation identified 27 of these genomes as bona fide viruses, and detected three auxiliary metabolic genes involved in nucleotide biosynthesis and sugar metabolism. Massive protein profile analysis confirmed that these viruses represented novel viral groups not present in databases. Although they were not previously assembled by viromics, global fragment recruitment analysis showed a conserved profile of relative abundance of these viruses in all analyzed samples spanning different oceans. Altogether, these results reveal the feasibility in using SVGs in this vast environment to unveil the genomes of relevant viruses.This research was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (RTI2018-094248-B-I00), and Generalitat Valenciana (ACIF/2015/332 and APOSTD/2020/237)

On the capability of Hom-Lie algebras

A Hom-Lie algebra (L, αL) is said to be capable if there exists a Hom-Lie algebra (H, αH) such that L – H/Z(H). We obtain a characterisation of capable Hom-Lie algebras involving its epicentre and we use this theory to further study the six-term exact sequence in homology and to obtain a Hopf-type formulae of the second homology of perfect Hom-Lie algebras.Agencia Estatal de Investigación | Ref. PID2020-115155GB-I0

Novel RNA viruses from the Atlantic Ocean: Ecogenomics, biogeography, and total virioplankton mass contribution from surface to the deep ocean

Marine viruses play a major role in the energy and nutrient cycle and affect the evolution of their hosts. Despite their importance, there is still little knowledge about RNA viruses. Here, we have explored the Atlantic Ocean, from surface to deep (4.296 m), and used viromics and quantitative methods to unveil the genomics, biogeography, and the mass contribution of RNA viruses to the total viroplankton. A total of 2481 putative RNA viral contigs (>500 bp) and 107 larger bona fide RNA viral genomes (>2.5 kb) were identified; 88 of them representing novel viruses belonging mostly to two clades: Yangshan assemblage (sister clade to the class Alsuviricetes) and Nodaviridae. These viruses were highly endemic and locally abundant, with little or no presence in other oceans since only ≈15% of them were found in at least one of the Tara sampling metatranscriptomes. Quantitative data indicated that the abundance of RNA viruses in the surface and deep chlorophyll maximum zone was within ≈106 VLP/mL representing a potential contribution of 5.2%–24.4% to the total viroplankton community (DNA and RNA viruses), with DNA viruses being the predominant members (≈107 VLP/mL). However, for the deep sample, the observed trend was the opposite, although as further discussed, several biases should be considered. Together these results contribute to our understanding of the diversity, abundance, and distribution of RNA viruses in the oceans and provide a basis for further investigation into their ecological roles and biogeography.This work was supported by the Generalitat Valenciana ACIF2020 grant and by the research grants funded by Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (refs. RTI2018-094248-B-I00 and PID2021-125175OB-I00), and by the Gordon and Moore Foundation (ref. 5334)

Quality Function Deployment: Can Improve Innovation Efficiency in the Food Industry?

This paper considers the implementation of the Quality Function Deployment (QFD) as a methodological framework for the development of new food products. This paper focuses on the beef supply chain and develops a horizontal product’s quality deployment as a strategic tool for the implementation of consumer-led product innovation strategies. Difficulties in the prioritisation of parameters and setting of target values for the desired performance level of each parameter would limit the implementation of a complete ‘four-phase’ model in the sector. Thus, the use of complementary management tools, such as SWOT analysis and Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) would be necessary to develop more suitable process designs to the specific requirements of the sector.Agribusiness, Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies,

Microarray tools to unveil viral-microbe interactions in nature

The interactions between viruses and their microbial hosts play a central role in the control of microbial communities in nature. However, the study of such interactions within the uncultured majority is technically very challenging. Here, we review how microarray tools can be used to analyze the interactions between viruses and their microbial hosts in nature, away from laboratory pure culture-based models. We show examples of how DNA arrays have been used to study the expression of viral assemblages in natural samples, and to assign viruses to hosts within uncultured communities. Finally, we briefly discuss the possibilities of protein and glycan arrays to gain insight into the ways microbes interact with their viruses.Our current studies with viral microarrays are supported by projects CGL2012-39627-C03-01 (to Josefa Antón) and AYA2011-24803 (to Víctor Parro) of the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, which are co-financed with FEDER support from the European Union

Comparación de Capacidad y parámetros representativos entre el tramo en carril-bus de la línea 27 (EMT, Madrid-España) y Sistema Trolebús (Mérida-Venezuela)

El presente artículo compara las características más importantes en cuanto a Capacidad y parámetros representativos de dos líneas en plataforma reservada de autobús de características diferentes, como son la línea 27 de la EMT y la única línea en servicio de Trolmérida. Para ello se desarrolla la metodología descrita en el Transit Capacity and Quality of Service Manual (TCQSM) para determinar la capacidad de transportación en sistemas con distinta infraestructura y grado de reserva de su plataforma. El trabajo es parte de un proyecto más amplio para analizar la influencia de diversos grados de reserva de plataforma en las características operativas de las líneas de autobuses. Se da inicio al estudio de una gama de sistemas de transporte, enfocando el estudio en el análisis del carril-bus de Línea 27, autobuses articulados convencionales con alto índice de ocupación gestionados por la Empresa Municipal de Transporte (EMT) Madrid¿España y, el Sistema de Transporte Trolebús (STT) conocido como ¿Trolmérida¿, principal medio de transporte colectivo de la ciudad de Mérida¿Venezuela, provisto de autobuses articulados con tracción bi-modal (eléctrica-gasoil), impulsado fundamentalmente por troles conectados a catenaria. Ambos sistemas están en plataforma reservada y muestran similitud respecto al material rodante, con diferencias notables en cuanto a infraestructura, operatividad en paradas y tráfico. En consecuencia, se establece un contraste de la capacidad y sus parámetros representativos gracias a la aplicación de una metodología de campo que permite, con un soporte estadístico eficiente, la cuantificación robusta de la capacidad teórica y su elasticidad frente a sus variables más influyentes como la demora por parada y control de tráfico preexistente. En el proceso de captación de los citados parámetros correspondientes a cada sistema de transporte, se aplican técnicas de campo sencillas donde destaca el uso de herramienta telemática de posicionamiento global GPS en la determinación de la velocidad ofertada por cada sistema, datos en correspondencia con otras variables tomadas in situ en forma simultánea

Capacidad y parámetros representativos encontrados en líneas de autobuses de transporte público urbano bajo distinta infraestructura y grado de reserva

En el presente trabajo se desarrollan dos objetivos principales; por un lado, la modelización de la capacidad en distintas líneas de transporte público urbano, en especial, autobuses articulados que circulan por vías troncales, y por otro, el análisis de los parámetros más representativos y su interrelación, en función de la infraestructura, grado de reserva y segregación del carril-bus. Se desarrolla la metodología disponible en el Transit Capacity and Quality of Service Manual (TCQSM) y se realiza una evaluación sólida del tiempo de permanencia en paradas por efecto de viajeros subidos-bajados como parámetro más influyente en la capacidad, generando nuevas leyes de predicción que son consideradas luego en el ajuste metodológico. Los resultados suponen un cambio en el criterio asumido hasta ahora, de una de mora en parada que crece en proporción constante a una tasa de tiempo por pasajero subido y/o bajado. El análisis estadístico determina la validez de estos modelos, y a su vez permite, obtener la máxima capacidad teórica y rango de variabilidad en cada sistema, en forma robusta. El trabajo prosigue en un proyecto más amplio para analizar la influencia de diversos grados de reserva en parámetros operativos de distintas líneas de transporte urban

Localized pulsed nanosecond discharges in a counterflow nonpremixed flame environment

A flame is a very unusual environment for the development of a gas discharge, since it presents strong gradients in temperature, composition, and pre-ionization. In this paper we examine how such an environment impacts the development of the plasma when using repetitive pulsed nanosecond discharges, one of the main strategies used in the field of plasma assisted combustion. Experiments were performed in a counterflow nonpremixed burner with parallel electrodes at the nozzle exits and nanosecond-resolved photography of the plasma emission is presented. It was shown that the discharge development in stratified media may take place in the form of a dielectric barrier discharge with a localized energy deposition. In the experiments presented the discharge energy was coupled to the flame front because of the high rate of chemi-ionization and the gas density decrease in the flame