A scheme for simulating one-dimensional diffusion processes with discontinuous coefficients

The aim of this article is to provide a scheme for simulating diffusion processes evolving in one-dimensional discontinuous media. This scheme does not rely on smoothing the coefficients that appear in the infinitesimal generator of the diffusion processes, but uses instead an exact description of the behavior of their trajectories when they reach the points of discontinuity. This description is supplied with the local comparison of the trajectories of the diffusion processes with those of a skew Brownian motion.Comment: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/105051605000000656 in the Annals of Applied Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aap/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org

SF-1 a key player in the development and differentiation of steroidogenic tissues

Since its discovery in the early 1990s, the orphan nuclear receptor SF-1 has been attributed a central role in the development and differentiation of steroidogenic tissues. SF-1 controls the expression of all the steroidogenic enzymes and cholesterol transporters required for steroidogenesis as well as the expression of steroidogenesis-stimulating hormones and their cognate receptors. SF-1 is also an essential regulator of genes involved in the sex determination cascade. The study of SF-1 null mice and of human mutants has been of great value to demonstrate the essential role of this factor in vivo, although the complete adrenal and gonadal agenesis in knock-out animals has impeded studies of its function as a transcriptional regulator. In particular, the role of SF-1 in the hormonal responsiveness of steroidogenic genes promoters is still a subject of debate. This extensive review takes into account recent data obtained from SF-1 haploinsufficient mice, pituitary-specific knock-outs and from transgenic mice experiments carried out with SF-1 target gene promoters. It also summarizes the pros and cons regarding the presumed role of SF-1 in cAMP signalling

Learning from Errors

We present a model of learning in which agents learn from errors. If an action turns out to be an error, the agent rejects not only that action but also neighboring actions. We find that, keepng memory of his errors, under mild assumptions an acceptable solution is asymptotically reached. Moreover, one can take advantage of big errors for a faster learning.Learning, errors, fixed points, normal form games, best reply functions

Predicción de demanda y producción de energía eléctrica mediante redes neuronales y validación de los resultados mediante ensayos realizados en el laboratorio de recursos energéticos distribuidos de la UPV

[ES] El objetivo de este TFM es aplicar una metodología para predecir la producción y generación de energía de la microrred del Laboratorio de Recursos Energéticos Distribuidos de la UPV (LabDER) usando redes neuronales artificiales. Esta metodología se puede extrapolar a otras microrredes. Se dispone la potencia generada en tiempo real para cada una de las fuentes: solar fotovoltaica, eólica y baterías. Además, se dispone de datos meteorológicos tales como irradiación, velocidad de viento, temperatura ambiente entre otros. Con esta información se pretende predecir las curvas de demanda y de generación global de cada componente para optimizar la gestión de la energía. El tratamiento de los datos y la predicción se realizará mediante el lenguaje Python y usando la herramienta tensorflow. Tensorflow es una herramienta que permite generar diferentes tipos de redes neuronales como es el caso del clásico ¿perceptrón¿, redes convolucionales o redes recurrentes. Con el fin de obtener mejores resultados, esta herramienta permite crear redes neuronales artificiales con diferentes algoritmos de optimización para su entrenamiento. La primera parte de este trabajo consistirá en adaptar los datos de entrada (datos de la red y datos meteorológicos) para que pueden ser utilizados como inputs en la red neuronal. Posteriormente se seleccionarán los diferentes tipos de redes neuronales según lo que se decida predecir. Por ejemplo, para la producción global diaria, se podrían obtener resultados óptimos mediante un perceptrón clásico, mientras que para obtener la curva de producción sería mejor trabajar con redes neuronales recurrentes. Finalmente, mediante Tensorflow se puede definir una red neuronal con sus diferentes capas, el ritmo de aprendizaje y el algoritmo de entrenamiento entre otros. Esta herramienta permite crear una red a medida para obtener resultados adaptando los diferentes parámetros para así conseguir un mejor entrenamiento. Este tipo de redes implica un alto coste computacional.Martinez, AA. (2021). Predicción de demanda y producción de energía eléctrica mediante redes neuronales y validación de los resultados mediante ensayos realizados en el laboratorio de recursos energéticos distribuidos de la UPV. Universitat Politècnica de València. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/164734TFG

Étude de la production inclusive de J/ dans les collisions Pb-Pb à sNN=2,76 TeV avec le spectromètre à muons de l'expérience ALICE au LHC

La théorie de la chromodynamique quantique prédit l existence d un état déconfiné de la matière appelé Plasma de Quarks et de Gluons (PQG). Expérimentalement, la formation d un PQG est attendue sous les conditions extrêmes de température et de densité atteintes lors de collisions d ions lourds ultra-relativistes. Afin d observer et de caractériser de manière indirecte un tel état de la matière, de nombreuses observables ont été proposées. En particulier, les phénomènes de suppression et de(re)combinaison du meson J/ dans le PQG sont intensément étudiés. Cette thèse présente l analyse de la production inclusive de J/ dans les collisions Pb-Pb, à une énergie dans le centre de masse sNN = 2,76 TeV, détectés avec le spectromètre à muons de l expérience ALICE au LHC. A partir de la statistique élevée d événements collectés lors de la prise de données de 2011, le facteur de modification nucléaire du J/ a été mesuré en fonction de son impulsion transverse, de sa rapidité et de la centralité de la collision. L impulsion transverse moyenne du J/ a également été mesurée en fonction de la centralité. Les prédictions des modèles théoriques, incluant tous une contribution de (re)combinaison, présentent un bon accord avec les données. Enfin, un excès de J/ de très faible impulsion transverse (<300 MeV/c) par rapport à la production hadronique attendue a été observé pour la première fois.The quantum chromodynamics theory predicts the existence of a deconfined state of matter called Quark Gluon Plasma (QGP). Experimentally, the formation of a QGP is expected under the extreme conditions of temperature and density reached in ultra-relativisticheavy-ion collisions. Many observables were proposed to observe and characterize indirectly such a state of matter. In particular, the phenomena of suppression and (re)combination of the J/ meson in the QGP are extensively studied. This thesis presents the analysis of the inclusive production of J/ in Pb-Pb collisions, at a center of mass energy sNN = 2.76 TeV, detected with the ALICE muon spectrometer at the LHC. From the high statistics of events collected during 2011 datataking, the J/ nuclear modification factor was measured as a function of transverse momentum, rapidity and collision centrality. The J/ mean transverse momentum was also measured as a function of centrality. The predictions of theoretical models, all including a (re)combination contribution, are in good agreement with data. Finally, an excess of J/ yield at very low transverse momentum (<300 MeV/c) with respect to the expected hadronic production was observed fort he first time.NANTES-ENS Mines (441092314) / SudocSudocFranceF

A corpus-based account of morphosyntactic evidentiality in discourse in Chhitkul-Rākchham

Chhitkul-Rākchham is a Tibeto-Burman language of the Bodic branch spoken in Northern India. Evidentiality is expressed by means of a range of morphosyntactic devices: copulas, auxiliaries, suffixes, clitics, particles and converb constructions. Chapter 1 deals with the language context. High-caste members – the Chhitkul-Rākchham speakers – were not the original inhabitants of this area. Chhitkul-Rākchham is not Tibetic, rather, it shows similarities with the Kiranti subgroup. Chapter 2 provides a chronological and thematic overview of evidentiality from the beginning of the 20th century to the present. I introduce my own theoretical apparatus and I address issues related to methods. Chapter 3 introduces the Chhitkul-Rākchham verbal system: finite and non-finite verb inflection and negation. Chapter 4 focuses on copula clauses, where five copula verbs and a set of syntactic allomorphs are part of an epistemic scheme that notably includes emphasis. Their distribution is to a large extent semantically and pragmatically driven. Chapter 5 deals with auxiliation. I demonstrate that it is the hierarchical arrangement of the verbal categories – main verbs, second verbs and auxiliaries – and not auxiliaries taken in isolation, which provides an adequate overview of the phenomenon. Chapter 6 gives an account of reported evidentiality, never epistemically neutral and expressed by means of a hearsay clitic and a quotative adverbial complementizer. Chapter 7 sheds light on a few converb constructions invariably followed by the perceptual copula (or a syntactic allomorph). The copula dampens the dubitative or emphatic meaning carried by the converb. Chapter 8 shows that a pair of discourse particles – one emphatic and one assertive – is part of the evidential system. Chapter 9 deals with evidentiality at the noun phrase level, expressed by morphosyntactic means already present at the verbal level (final particles and copulas). I uncover seven evidential distinctions: perceptual, dubitative, assertive, personal experience, personal assertive, reported, and neutral

Extraction de citations contenues dans des documents brevet

International audienceLe présent article s'inscrit dans une démarche générale d'élaboration d'outils et de méthodes d'analyse permettant de caractériser les activités scientifiques et techniques. Le nombre de publications scientifiques numériques est de plus en plus important. Nous nous intéressons plus particulièrement ici au repérage et à l'extraction automatique de citations et de références contenues dans des documents, en anglais, de type brevet d'inventions. La méthode utilisée repose sur une approche symbolique qui fait appel à la création et l'utilisation combinée de dictionnaires électroniques et de grammaires locales. L'outil de traitement de corpus Unitex est utilisé pour l'élaboration et l'application de ces ressources linguistiques à un corpus d'étude