Analysis of repoductive seasonality in Entrepelado and Retinto Iberian pig varieties under intensive management

[EN] Seasonal patterns in the farrowing distribution of two Iberian pig varieties (Retinto and Entrepelado) and its environmental and genetic sources of variation were analyzed within the context of a von Mises circular mixed model solved through Bayesian inference. Estimates about the dispersion parameter supported a low seasonal pattern for both Entrepelado and Retinto varieties with the farrowing peak located between March and April. Nevertheless, seasonality was corroborated by the deviance information criterion when comparing against a uniform circular model by the deviance information criterion (DIC); the uniform model increased more than 100 DIC units in both Iberian pig varieties. Regarding systematic effects, only the parity number of the sow had a relevant impact on farrowing distribution, advancing the farrowing peak in gilts and old sows. Genetic variability was only suggested in the Retinto population although with a small estimate, which would indicate little chance to modify farrowing distribution by genetic selection in the Iberian pig.Research supported by projects CGL2016-80155-R and IDI20170304, and a fellowship granted to M. Martin de Hijas-Villalba (BES-2017-080596) by Spain's Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad.Martin De Hijas-Villalba, M.; Varona, L.; Ibáñez-Escriche, N.; Pablo Rosas, J.; Luis Noguera, J.; Casellas, J. (2021). Analysis of repoductive seasonality in Entrepelado and Retinto Iberian pig varieties under intensive management. Livestock Science. 245:1-4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2021.1044411424

Genomic differentiation among varieties of Iberian pig

[EN] Aim of study: The objective of this study was to identify the autosomal genomic regions associated with genetic differentiation between three commercial strains of Iberian pig. Area of study: Extremadura (Spain). Material and methods: We used the Porcine v2 BeadChip to genotype 349 individuals from three varieties of Iberian pig (EE, Entrepelado; RR, Retinto; and TT, Torbiscal) and their crosses. After standard filtering of the Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) markers, 47, 67, and 123 haplotypic phases from EE, RR, and TT origins were identified. The allelic frequencies of 31,180 SNP markers were used to calculate the fixation index (FST) that were averaged in sliding windows of 2Mb. Main results: The results confirmed the greater genetic closeness of the EE and RR varieties, and we were able to identify several genomic regions with a divergence greater than expected. The genes present in those genomic regions were used to perform an Overrepresentation Enrichment Analysis (ORA) for the Gene Ontology (GO) terms for biological process. The ORA indicated that several groups of biological processes were overrepresented: a large group involving morphogenesis and development, and others associated with neurogenesis, cellular responses, or metabolic processes. These results were reinforced by the presence of some genes within the genomic regions that had the highest genomic differentiation. Research highlights: The genomic differentiation among varieties of the Iberian pig is heterogeneous along the genome. The genomic regions with the highest differentiation contain an overrepresentation of genes related with morphogenesis and development, neurogenesis, cellular responses and metabolic processes.Instituto Nacional de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Spain RTA2012-00054-C02-01 Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities, Spain CGL2016-80155-R; IDI-20170304 (CDTI)Alonso, I.; Ibáñez-Escriche, N.; Noguera, JL.; Casellas, J.; Martin De Hijas-Villalba, M.; Gracia-Santana, MJ.; Varona, L. (2020). Genomic differentiation among varieties of Iberian pig. Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research (Online). 18(1):1-20. https://doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2020181-15411120181Alexander DH, Novembre J, Lange K, 2009. Fast model-based estimation of ancestry in unrelated individuals. Genome Res 19: 1655-1664.Audetat KA, Galbraith MD, Odell AT, Lee T, Pandey A, Espinosa JM, Dowell RD, Taatjes D J, 2017. A kinase-independent role for cyclin-dependent kinase 19 in p53 response. 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