Track of Orlické Hory - railway´s part

Import 26/01/2009Prezenční227 - Katedra dopravního stavitelstvíNeuveden

Olfactory impairment and other biomarkers of Alzheimer disease and other neurodegenerative diseases

Early and differential diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease is associated mainly with the aim to depict hippocampal and mediotemporal impairment. Its massive impairment is present already in early stages. Given that mediotemporal lobe structures are anatomically and functionally closely associated with the olfactory brain, I was involved in examination of smell. In a group of patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) we found that olfactory identification is similarly impaired in amnestic (aMCI) which precedes commonly Alzheimer's dementia and in nonamnestic (naMCI) subtype, ), in which patients often also converted into other types of dementia. Olfactory impairment is proportional to cognitive impairment in aMCI but not in naMCI. In another study of olfactory identification with our original smell test called MHST we focused on the evaluation of patients with clinical subtypes of FTLD at the stage of mild dementia. We demonstrated impaired smell identification in all tested clinical subtypes. In another work, I tried to find a neuropsychological test reflecting selectively hippocampal impairment. I compared several standard memory tests in relation to the ability to reflect hippocampal atrophy in nondemented elderly and came to the conclusion that the Enhanced Cued recall test (ECR) with..

Small traffic circle of the road II/478 and village roads

Import 15/06/2007Prezenční227 - Katedra dopravního stavitelstv

Olfactory impairment and other biomarkers of Alzheimer disease and other neurodegenerative diseases

Early and differential diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease is associated mainly with the aim to depict hippocampal and mediotemporal impairment. Its massive impairment is present already in early stages. Given that mediotemporal lobe structures are anatomically and functionally closely associated with the olfactory brain, I was involved in examination of smell. In a group of patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) we found that olfactory identification is similarly impaired in amnestic (aMCI) which precedes commonly Alzheimer's dementia and in nonamnestic (naMCI) subtype, ), in which patients often also converted into other types of dementia. Olfactory impairment is proportional to cognitive impairment in aMCI but not in naMCI. In another study of olfactory identification with our original smell test called MHST we focused on the evaluation of patients with clinical subtypes of FTLD at the stage of mild dementia. We demonstrated impaired smell identification in all tested clinical subtypes. In another work, I tried to find a neuropsychological test reflecting selectively hippocampal impairment. I compared several standard memory tests in relation to the ability to reflect hippocampal atrophy in nondemented elderly and came to the conclusion that the Enhanced Cued recall test (ECR) with..

Clock Drawing Test and the diagnosis of amnestic mild cognitive impairment: Can more detailed scoring systems do the work?

Dataset accompanying a publication https://doi.org/10.1080/13803395.2014.97723

Recognition of facial emotional expression in amnestic mild cognitive impairment

We examined whether recognition of facial emotional expression would be affected in amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI). A total of 50 elderly persons met the initial inclusion criteria; 10 were subsequently excluded (Geriatric Depression Score \u3e 5). 22 subjects were classified with aMCI based on published criteria (single domain aMCI [SD-aMCI], n = 10; multiple domain aMCI [MD-aMCI], n = 12); 18 subjects were cognitively normal. All underwent standard neurological and neuropsychological evaluations as well as tests of facial emotion recognition (FER) and famous faces identification (FFI). Among normal controls, FFI was negatively correlated with Mini-Mental Status Examination scores and positively correlated with executive function. Among patients with aMCI, FER was correlated with attention/speed of processing. No other correlations were significant. In a multinomial logistic regression model adjusted for age, gender, and education, a poorer score on FER, but not on FFI, was associated with greater odds of being classified as MD-aMCI (odds ratio [OR], 3.82; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.05-13.91; p = 0.042). This association was not explained by memory or global cognitive score. There was no association between FER or FFI and SD-aMCI (OR, 1.13; 95% CI, 0.36-3.57; p = 0.836). Therefore, FER, but not FFI, may be impaired in MD-aMCI. This implies that in MD-aMCI, the tasks of FER and FFI may involve segregated neurocognitive networks. © 2013 - IOS Press and the authors. All rights reserved

Structural connectivity-based predictors of cognitive impairment in stroke patients attributable to aging.

Despite the rising global burden of stroke and its socio-economic implications, the neuroimaging predictors of subsequent cognitive impairment are still poorly understood. We address this issue by studying the relationship of white matter integrity assessed within ten days after stroke and patients' cognitive status one year after the attack. Using diffusion-weighted imaging, we apply the Tract-Based Spatial Statistics analysis and construct individual structural connectivity matrices by employing deterministic tractography. We further quantify the graph-theoretical properties of individual networks. The Tract-Based Spatial Statistic did identify lower fractional anisotropy as a predictor of cognitive status, although this effect was mostly attributable to the age-related white matter integrity decline. We further observed the effect of age propagating into other levels of analysis. Specifically, in the structural connectivity approach we identified pairs of regions significantly correlated with clinical scales, namely memory, attention, and visuospatial functions. However, none of them persisted after the age correction. Finally, the graph-theoretical measures appeared to be more robust towards the effect of age, but still were not sensitive enough to capture a relationship with clinical scales. In conclusion, the effect of age is a dominant confounder especially in older cohorts, and unless appropriately addressed, may falsely drive the results of the predictive modelling