The Protestant ethic in the contemporary context

O artigo propõe uma leitura em vários planos do texto "A ética protestante e o espírito do capitalismo", de Max Weber, procurando indicar diferentes camadas e possibilidades de análise. Para tanto, propõe uma análise do texto em três planos diferentes e complementares: o político, o científico e o pessoal. Discute, assim, as diferentes versões e os diferentes contextos de publicação, abordando o diálogo de Weber com Marx e as relações do capitalismo com o protestantismo ascético. Por outro lado, destaca em que medida o texto pode e deve ser lido como uma espécie de autoanálise de Weber.The article proposes a multi-level reading of The protestant ethic and the spirit of capitalism by Max Weber, looking to identify different textual layers and analytic possibilities. Hence it pursues an analysis of the text at three different and complementary levels: the political, the scientific and the personal. It discusses the different versions of the text and the different contexts of publication, including an exploration of Weber's dialogue with Marx and the relations between capitalism and ascetic Protestantism. At the same time it highlights the extent to which the text can and should be read as a kind of self-analysis by Weber

Primordialists and Constructionists: a typology of theories of religion

This article adopts categories from nationalism theory to classify theories of religion. Primordialist explanations are grounded in evolutionary psychology and emphasize the innate human demand for religion. Primordialists predict that religion does not decline in the modern era but will endure in perpetuity. Constructionist theories argue that religious demand is a human construct. Modernity initially energizes religion, but subsequently undermines it. Unpacking these ideal types is necessary in order to describe actual theorists of religion. Three distinctions within primordialism and constructionism are relevant. Namely those distinguishing: a) materialist from symbolist forms of constructionism; b) theories of origins from those pertaining to the reproduction of religion; and c) within reproduction, between theories of religious persistence and secularization. This typology helps to make sense of theories of religion by classifying them on the basis of their causal mechanisms, chronology and effects. In so doing, it opens up new sightlines for theory and research

Religion in the modern world : between secularization and resurgence

For many decades the master narrative in the social scientific study of religion has been the secularization paradigm. Scholars firmly believed that religion would play an increasingly marginal political and social role in modern societies. However, the global resurgence of religions and their politicization since the 1980s led to sudden conversions. Many argued that secularization had nothing to do with Western modernity but only with religious market conditions. Presently, scholars hotly debate whether we witness secularization or a resurgence of religion. In my view, we are witnessing both: secularization and the resurgence of religion, and we should analyze them not as contradictions but as interrelated processes. In order to do so, we should revisit two basic concepts: religion and secularization. We need to break down the mega-concept of secularization into empirically observable trends and conceptualize religion in a way that helps explaining its resurgence

A ética protestante no contexto contemporâneo The Protestant ethic in the contemporary context

O artigo propõe uma leitura em vários planos do texto "A ética protestante e o espírito do capitalismo", de Max Weber, procurando indicar diferentes camadas e possibilidades de análise. Para tanto, propõe uma análise do texto em três planos diferentes e complementares: o político, o científico e o pessoal. Discute, assim, as diferentes versões e os diferentes contextos de publicação, abordando o diálogo de Weber com Marx e as relações do capitalismo com o protestantismo ascético. Por outro lado, destaca em que medida o texto pode e deve ser lido como uma espécie de autoanálise de Weber.<br>The article proposes a multi-level reading of The protestant ethic and the spirit of capitalism by Max Weber, looking to identify different textual layers and analytic possibilities. Hence it pursues an analysis of the text at three different and complementary levels: the political, the scientific and the personal. It discusses the different versions of the text and the different contexts of publication, including an exploration of Weber's dialogue with Marx and the relations between capitalism and ascetic Protestantism. At the same time it highlights the extent to which the text can and should be read as a kind of self-analysis by Weber

The fundamentalist revival of modernism

No abstractThe author states that the enduring explanations of the observed restoration of religions do not give adequate answers to questions such as these: how was the restoration of older religious conceptions possible? Or what were the reasons for which the restoration actually took place under the present historical condition and what might be the consequences in the future? The author aims at answering these questions and to achieve this aim he sets out to elaborate the basis of a theory in order to explain the synchronization of secularization and renovation of religions. His final objective is the construction of a more accurate conceptualization of religious fundamentalism than that which has already been stated. He posits that by following the specific theoretical approach, we will be able to understand the role of religions in our world. Taking all these as his theoretical background, he attempts to articulate concrete questions/ parameters for a comparative study of contemporary fundamentalist movements

Zur Theoriediskussion in der Wirtschaftsethnologie

Heidelberg, Univ., Diss., 1973Available from Bibliothek des Instituts fuer Weltwirtschaft, ZBW, Duesternbrook Weg 120, D-24105 Kiel Mb 673 / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEDEGerman

Fundamentalismus als patriarchalische Protestbewegung. English

Martin Riesebrodt's unconventional study provides an extraordinary look at religious fundamentalism. Comparing two seemingly disparate movements - in early twentieth-century United States and 1960s and 1970s Iran - he examines why these movements arose and developed. He sees them not simply as protests against "modernity" per se, but as a social and moral community's mobilization against its own marginalization and threats to its way of life. These movements protested against the hallmarks of industrialization and sought to transmit conservative cultural models to the next generation.Fundamentalists desired a return to an "authentic" social order governed by God's law, one bound by patriarchal structures of authority and morality. Both movements advocated a strict gender dualism and were preoccupied with controlling the female body, which was viewed as the major threat to public morality