Persistent superfluid flow arising from the He-McKellar-Wilkens effect in molecular dipolar condensates

We show that the He-McKellar-Wilkens effect can induce a persistent flow in a Bose-Einstein condensate of polar molecules confined in a toroidal trap, with the dipolar interaction mediated via an electric dipole moment. For Bose-Einstein condensates of atoms with a magnetic dipole moment, we show that although it is theoretically possible to induce persistent flow via the Aharonov-Casher effect, the strength of electric field required is prohibitive. We also outline an experimental geometry tailored specifically for observing the He-McKellar-Wilkens effect in toroidally-trapped condensates.Comment: 5 pages 2 figure

Approximation of the scattering amplitude

The simultaneous solution of Ax=b and ATy=g is required in a number of situations. Darmofal and Lu have proposed a method based on the Quasi-Minimal residual algorithm (QMR). We will introduce a technique for the same purpose based on the LSQR method and show how its performance can be improved when using the Generalized LSQR method. We further show how preconditioners can be introduced to enhance the speed of convergence and discuss different preconditioners that can be used. The scattering amplitude gTx, a widely used quantity in signal processing for example, has a close connection to the above problem since x represents the solution of the forward problem and g is the right hand side of the adjoint system. We show how this quantity can be efficiently approximated using Gauss quadrature and introduce a Block-Lanczos process that approximates the scattering amplitude and which can also be used with preconditioners

Rheology of Weakly Vibrated Granular Media

We probe the rheology of weakly vibrated granular flows as function of flow rate, vibration strength and pressure by performing experiments in a vertically vibrated split-bottom shear cell. For slow flows, we establish the existence of a novel vibration dominated granular flow regime, where the driving stresses smoothly vanish as the driving rate is diminished. We distinguish three qualitatively different vibration dominated rheologies, most strikingly a regime where the shear stresses no longer are proportional to the pressure.Comment: 14 pages, 19 figures, submitted to PR

An Inconsistency in the Simulation of Bose-Einstein Correlations

We show that the formalism commonly used to implement Bose-Einstein correlations in Monte-Carlo simulations can lead to values of the two-particle correlator significantly smaller than unity, in the case of sources with strong position-momentum correlations. This is more pronounced when the phase space of the emitted particles is strongly reduced by experimental acceptance or kinematic analysis selections. It is inconsistent with general principles according to which the Bose-Einstein correlator is larger than unity. This inconsistency seems to be rooted in the fact that quantum mechanical localization properties are not taken into account properly.Comment: 10 pages, LaTe

Models for the Effects of G-seat Cuing on Roll-axis Tracking Performance

Including whole-body motion in a flight simulator improves performance for a variety of tasks requiring a pilot to compensate for the effects of unexpected disturbances. A possible mechanism for this improvement is that whole-body motion provides high derivative vehicle state information whic allows the pilot to generate more lead in responding to the external disturbances. During development of motion simulating algorithms for an advanced g-cuing system it was discovered that an algorithm based on aircraft roll acceleration producted little or no performance improvement. On the other hand, algorithms based on roll position or roll velocity produced performance equivalent to whole-body motion. The analysis and modeling conducted at both the sensory system and manual control performance levels to explain the above results are described

Combining pot, atom and step economy (PASE) in organic synthesis. Synthesis of tetrahydropyran-4-ones

The combination of pot, atom and step economy (PASE) in the synthesis of organic molecules of medium complexity can lead to a significant 'greening' of a synthetic route. This is demonstrated by the synthesis of highly substituted tetrahydropyran-4-ones and is quantified by a series of recognised metrics, which demonstrate the efficiency of combining PASE over conventional synthetic strategies