Effective Aligned 2HDM with a DFSZ-like invisible axion

We discuss the possibility of having a non-minimal scalar sector at the weak scale within the framework of invisible axion models. To frame our discussion we consider an extension of the Dine-Fischler-Srednicki-Zhitnitsky invisible axion model with two additional Higgs doublets blind under the Peccei-Quinn symmetry. Due to mixing effects among the scalar fields, it is possible to obtain a rich scalar sector at the weak scale in certain decoupling limits of the theory. In particular, this framework provides an ultraviolet completion of the so-called aligned two-Higgs-doublet model and solves the strong CP problem. The axion properties and the smallness of active neutrino masses are also discussed.Comment: 8 pages, 1 figure. Discussion improved, references added. Matching the journal versio

Supremica – An integrated environment for verification, synthesis and simulation of discrete event systems

An integrated environment, Supremica, for verification, synthesis and simulation of discrete event systems is presented. The basic model in Supremica is finite automata where the transitions have an associated event together with a guard condition and an action function that updates automata variables. Supremica uses two main approaches to handle large state-spaces. The first approach exploits modularity in order to divide the original problem into many smaller problems that together solve the original problem. The second approach uses an efficient data structure, a binary decision diagram, to symbolically represent the reachable states. Models in Supremica may be simulated in the environment. It is also possible to generate code that implements the behavior of the model using both the IEC 61131 and the IEC 61499 standard

Ultrafast switching of composite order in A3_3C60_{60}

We study the controlled manipulation of the Jahn-Teller metal state of fulleride compounds using nonequilibrium dynamical mean field theory. This anomalous metallic state is a spontaneous orbital-selective Mott phase, which is characterized by one metallic and two insulating orbitals. Using protocols based on transiently reduced hopping amplitudes or periodic electric fields, we demonstrate the possibility to switch orbitals between Mott insulating and metallic on a sub-picosecond timescale, and to rotate the order parameter between three equivalent states that can be distinguished by their anisotropic conductance. The Jahn-Teller metal phase of alkali-doped fullerides thus provides a promising platform for ultrafast persistent memory devices

Compositional synthesis of maximally permissive supervisors using supervision equivalence

This paper presents a general framework for efficient synthesis of supervisors for discrete event systems. The approach is based on compositional minimisation, using concepts of process equivalence. In this context, a large number of ways are suggested how a finite-state automaton can be simplified such that the results of supervisor synthesis are preserved. The proposed approach yields a compact representation of a least restrictive supervisor that ensures controllability and nonblocking. The method is demonstrated on a simple manufacturing example to significantly reduce the number of states constructed for supervisor synthesis

Review of perspectives applied in the assessment of organic food networks

Value is a key concept for understanding how organic food networks function because values are the foundation of the organic production practice, thus value must be given a significant role in assessing and balancing the effects of organic food networks. At the same time value is a loose concept, widely used and with various meanings in different scientific perspectives, in which ontological difference produces different perceptions of what values are. Assessing organic food networks is thus a complicated process, since the perspective which is chosen has important implications for the analysis and for the outcome of the assessment. This paper reviews five perspectives which predominate in the assessment of food networks, 1) Food Science, 2) Discourse Analysis, 3) Phenomenology, 4) Neoclassical Welfare Economics and 5) ANT. The perspectives are compared with regards to how the food network is assessed, how value is measured and how organic is understood. It is concluded that the perspectives focus analytically on different aspects of the same phenomena and differ in terms of where value is found, but also in the degree of reductionism applied, which factors are included in the analysis and whether or not the analysis focuses on the individual actors or the network as a whole

Nonequilibrium dynamical mean-field theory for bosonic lattice models

We develop the nonequilibrium extension of bosonic dynamical mean field theory (BDMFT) and a Nambu real-time strong-coupling perturbative impurity solver. In contrast to Gutzwiller mean-field theory and strong coupling perturbative approaches, nonequilibrium BDMFT captures not only dynamical transitions, but also damping and thermalization effects at finite temperature. We apply the formalism to quenches in the Bose-Hubbard model, starting both from the normal and Bose-condensed phases. Depending on the parameter regime, one observes qualitatively different dynamical properties, such as rapid thermalization, trapping in metastable superfluid or normal states, as well as long-lived or strongly damped amplitude oscillations. We summarize our results in non-equilibrium "phase diagrams" which map out the different dynamical regimes.Comment: 18 pages, 8 figure

Observing the observers – uncovering the role of values in research assessments of organic food systems

Assessing the overall effects of organic food systems is important, but also a challenge because organic food systems cannot be fully assessed from one single research perspective. The aim of the article is to uncover the role of values in assessments of organic food systems as a basis for discussing the implications of combining multiple perspectives in overall sustainability assessments of the food system. We explore how values are embedded in five research perspectives assessing organic food systems, 1) Food Science, 2) Discourse Analysis, 3) Phenomenology, 4) Neoclassical Welfare Economics and 5) Actor-Network Theory. The article shows that value has various meanings in different scientific perspectives, and that a strategy for including and balancing different forms of knowledge in overall assessments of the effects of food systems is needed. Based on the analysis, we propose five ecommendations: 1) Elucidate values as a necessary foundation for research assessment across perspectives. 2 The choice of perspective is decisive and should be openly discussed 3) Formulate common goals which can be translated into the different perspectives and 4) Consider assessment of food system sustainability a learning process and design it as such

Quantum random number generation on a mobile phone

Quantum random number generators (QRNGs) can significantly improve the security of cryptographic protocols, by ensuring that generated keys cannot be predicted. However, the cost, size, and power requirements of current QRNGs has prevented them from becoming widespread. In the meantime, the quality of the cameras integrated in mobile telephones has improved significantly, so that now they are sensitive to light at the few-photon level. We demonstrate how these can be used to generate random numbers of a quantum origin

Finite-key analysis on the 1-decoy state QKD protocol

It has been shown that in the asymptotic case of infinite-key length the 2-decoy state QKD protocol outperforms the 1-decoy state protocol. Here, we present a finite-key analysis of the 1-decoy method. Interestingly, we find that for practical block sizes of up to $10^8$ bits, the 1-decoy protocol achieves for almost all experimental settings higher secret key rates than the 2-decoy protocol. Since using only one decoy is also easier to implement, we conclude that it is the best choice for practical QKD.Comment: 6 pages, 7 figures, Pape