2,341 research outputs found
In Vivo Expansion of Co-Transplanted T Cells Impacts on Tumor Re-Initiating Activity of Human Acute Myeloid Leukemia in NSG Mice
Human cells from acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients are frequently transplanted into immune-compromised mouse strains to provide an in vivo environment for studies on the biology of the disease. Since frequencies of leukemia re-initiating cells are low and a unique cell surface phenotype that includes all tumor re-initiating activity remains unknown, the underlying mechanisms leading to limitations in the xenotransplantation assay need to be understood and overcome to obtain robust engraftment of AML-containing samples. We report here that in the NSG xenotransplantation assay, the large majority of mononucleated cells from patients with AML fail to establish a reproducible myeloid engraftment despite high donor chimerism. Instead, donor-derived cells mainly consist of polyclonal disease-unrelated expanded co-transplanted human T lymphocytes that induce xenogeneic graft versus host disease and mask the engraftment of human AML in mice. Engraftment of mainly myeloid cell types can be enforced by the prevention of T cell expansion through the depletion of lymphocytes from the graft prior transplantation
On the Vacuum energy of a Color Magnetic Vortex
We calculate the one loop gluon vacuum energy in the background of a color
magnetic vortex for SU(2) and SU(3). We use zeta functional regularization to
obtain analytic expressions suitable for numerical treatment. The momentum
integration is turned to the imaginary axis and fast converging sums/integrals
are obtained. We investigate numerically a number of profiles of the
background. In each case the vacuum energy turns out to be positive increasing
in this way the complete energy and making the vortex configuration less
stable. In this problem bound states (tachyonic modes) are present for all
investigated profiles making them intrinsically unstable.Comment: 28 pages, 4 figure
Technologies for restricting mould growth on baled silage
End of project reportSilage is made on approximately 86% of Irish farms, and 85% of these make some baled silage. Baled silage is particularly important as the primary silage making, storage and feeding system on many beef and smaller sized farms, but is also employed as a secondary system (often associated with facilitating grazing management during mid-summer) on many dairy and larger sized farms (O’Kiely et al., 2002). Previous surveys on farms indicated that the extent of visible fungal growth on baled silage was sometimes quite large, and could be a cause for concern. Whereas some improvements could come from applying existing knowledge and technologies, the circumstances surrounding the making and storage of baled silage suggested that environmental conditions within the bale differed from those in conventional silos, and that further knowledge was required in order to arrive at a secure set of recommendations for baled silage systems. This report deals with the final in a series (O’Kiely et al., 1999; O’Kiely et al., 2002) of three consecutive research projects investigating numerous aspect of the science and technology of baled silage. The success of each depended on extensive, integrated collaboration between the Teagasc research centres at Grange and Oak Park, and with University College Dublin. As the series progressed the multidisciplinary team needed to underpin the programme expanded, and this greatly improved the amount and detail of the research undertaken. The major objective of the project recorded in this report was to develop technologies to improve the “hygienic value” of baled silage
Chemical Abundances in AGN Environment: X-Ray/UV Campaign on the MRK 279 Outflow
We present the first reliable determination of chemical abundances in an AGN
outflow. The abundances are extracted from the deep and simultaneous FUSE and
HST/STIS observations of Mrk 279. This data set is exceptional for its high
signal-to-noise, unblended doublet troughs and little Galactic absorption
contamination. These attributes allow us to solve for the velocity-dependent
covering fraction, and therefore obtain reliable column densities for many
ionic species. For the first time we have enough such column densities to
simultaneously determine the ionization equilibrium and abundances in the flow.
Our analysis uses the full spectral information embedded in these
high-resolution data. Slicing a given trough into many independent outflow
elements yields the extra constraints needed for a physically meaningful
abundances determination. We find that relative to solar the abundances in the
Mrk 279 outflow are (linear scaling): carbon 2.2+/-0.7, nitrogen 3.5+/-1.1 and
oxygen 1.6+/-0.8. Our UV-based photoionization and abundances results are in
good agreement with the independent analysis of the simultaneous Mrk 279 X-ray
spectra. This is the best agreement between the UV and X-ray analyses of the
same outflow to date.Comment: 28 pages, 7 figures, accepted on 29 Nov 2006 for publication in the
ApJ (submission date: 27 Jul 2006
Mapping trends in water table depths in a brazilian cerrado area
Abstract The Cerrado region is the most extensive woodland-savanna
Indole-3-thiouronium nitrate
In the title compound, C9H10N3S+·NO3
−, the indole ring system and the thiouronium group are nearly perpendicular, with a dihedral angle of 88.62 (6)°. Hydrogen bonding generates two-dimensional networks which are linked to each other via π stacking interactions of the indole groups [average inter-planar ring–ring distance of 3.449 (2) Å]
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