Scattering Uniformity Measurements and First Reflection Analysis in a Large Nonanechoic Environment

Following previous investigation, carried out at the University of Parma in 1999 and 2000, LAE (Laboratory of Acoustics and Electroacoustics) started a new measurement campaign to compare with the original results on the same type of diffusor panels, to verify AES-4id-2001 measurement standard and to investigate the nature of scattering phenomena in more detail. Measurements are conducted on the floor of a large closed space to obtain a reflection free time window, long enough to study the first reflection from the panel; the use of sine sweep excitation signals instead of the recommended MLS ones permits to ameliorate the acquisition process. The present article discusses research background studies and the results from the first round of measurements

Caries classification and management in the context of the CariesCare International (CCI™) consensus:a clinical case study

The objective of this clinical case study is to illustrate the caries management four-step structured process, leading to personalised interventions specifc for each individual patient’s risks and needs, according to CariesCare International, derived from the International Caries Classifcation and Management System (ICCMS) for clinical practice. An 18-year-old female was diagnosed with higher caries risk at the individual level, and with several caries lesions at different severity stages, some likely active and others likely inactive. A care plan was co-created with the patient and delivered to obtain optimal health outcomes. Several issues pertinent to patient-centred care are discussed, including caries management at the individual and the tooth surface level, the preservation of tooth structure, patient’s caries risk management, and prevention and control of caries lesions. The patient’s perspective is taken into account and the health outcome focus of the system is highlighted

Network information and connected correlations

Entropy and information provide natural measures of correlation among elements in a network. We construct here the information theoretic analog of connected correlation functions: irreducible $N$--point correlation is measured by a decrease in entropy for the joint distribution of $N$ variables relative to the maximum entropy allowed by all the observed $N-1$ variable distributions. We calculate the ``connected information'' terms for several examples, and show that it also enables the decomposition of the information that is carried by a population of elements about an outside source.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure

Development of a Core Curriculum Framework in Cariology for U.S. Dental Schools

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/153683/1/jddj002203372016806tb06133x.pd

Weak pairwise correlations imply strongly correlated network states in a neural population

Biological networks have so many possible states that exhaustive sampling is impossible. Successful analysis thus depends on simplifying hypotheses, but experiments on many systems hint that complicated, higher order interactions among large groups of elements play an important role. In the vertebrate retina, we show that weak correlations between pairs of neurons coexist with strongly collective behavior in the responses of ten or more neurons. Surprisingly, we find that this collective behavior is described quantitatively by models that capture the observed pairwise correlations but assume no higher order interactions. These maximum entropy models are equivalent to Ising models, and predict that larger networks are completely dominated by correlation effects. This suggests that the neural code has associative or error-correcting properties, and we provide preliminary evidence for such behavior. As a first test for the generality of these ideas, we show that similar results are obtained from networks of cultured cortical neurons.Comment: Full account of work presented at the conference on Computational and Systems Neuroscience (COSYNE), 17-20 March 2005, in Salt Lake City, Utah (http://cosyne.org

Update of Laparoscopic Surgery in Borderline Ovarian Tumor: Systematic Review

Background: Borderline ovarian tumor (BOT) predominantly affects young women and is often diagnosed at an early stage. BOT accounts for 15% of all epithelial tumors. In this regard, a minimally invasive surgical approach and the ability to preserve fertility, without increasing the incidence of recurrences or worsening the prognosis, are crucial. This review aims to provide an update on the role and indications of laparoscopic surgery in BOTs. Methods: The electronic research was performed on Pubmed, Medline, and Embase. Articles published in the last 20 years (2004–2023) were included, and the following keywords were used: ‘borderline ovarian tumor’ and ‘laparoscopic surgery’, ‘borderline ovarian tumor’ and ‘minimally invasive surgery’, ‘borderline ovarian tumor’ and ‘fertility sparing’, ‘borderline ovarian tumor’ and ‘recurrence’ and ‘Borderline ovarian tumor’ and ‘relapse’. The agreement about potential relevance was reached by consensus of the researchers and according to PRISMA statement guidelines. We thoroughly reviewed all bibliographies to assess the inclusion of any further eligible studies. We excluded studies that did not align with the study’s objectives. Results: The electronic database search yielded 767 total studies. Of whom, 188 were published before 2004, 84 were case reports, and 45 were not in the English language. Of the remaining 450 studies, 148 were considered eligible for the study. We included 20 studies in this review. Conclusions: Despite the latest guidelines recommending an open approach for the treatment of BOT, the laparoscopic approach has gained popularity as a feasible and safe alternative. The use of an endo-bag, along with advanced laparoscopic skills, has made the minimally invasive approach increasingly safe, with oncological outcomes almost comparable to those of reference. Moreover, in the context of fertility-sparing surgery (FSS), laparoscopy seems to be associated with improved obstetrical outcomes, without detrimental effects on overall survival and disease-free survival. Therefore, the laparoscopic approach in the treatment of BOT appears to be a safe and effective option, especially in the case of FSS

Non-invasive study of natural dyes on historical textiles from the collection of Michelangelo Guggenheim

A selection of historical textile fragments from the Venetian art dealer Moisè Michelangelo Guggenheim collection, ranging from XV to XVIII century, has been investigated by means of non-invasive techniques in order to reveal the coloring materials. Imaging was preliminarily used to visually investigate the selected artwork fragments in order to investigate their structure and conservation conditions; Fiber Optics Reflectance Spectroscopy (FORS) allowed recognizing the main natural dyestuffs, such as indigotin and anthraquinones-based compounds, except the yellow ones, difficultly identifiable when using this non-invasive technique. Collected spectroscopic data have been also elaborated by using a clustering algorithm that permitted to group collected spectra on the basis of similar properties and evidencing their inflection point wavelength as the most influencing feature