Women Artists in Revolution

This article is an encyclopedia entry in the Grove Encyclopedia of Art

Lucinda Childs

This article is an encyclopedia entry in the Grove Encyclopedia of American Art

Louise Fishman

This article is an encyclopedia entry in the Grove Encyclopedia of American Art

Louise Nevelson

This article is an encyclopedia entry in the Grove Encyclopedia of American Art

Elevated protein concentrations in newborn blood and the risks of autism spectrum disorder, and of social impairment, at age 10 years among infants born before the 28th week of gestation

Among the 1 of 10 children who are born preterm annually in the United States, 6% are born before the third trimester. Among children who survive birth before the 28th week of gestation, the risks of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and non-autistic social impairment are severalfold higher than in the general population. We examined the relationship between top quartile inflammation-related protein concentrations among children born extremely preterm and ASD or, separately, a high score on the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS total score ≥65) among those who did not meet ASD criteria, using information only from the subset of children whose DAS-II verbal or non-verbal IQ was ≥70, who were assessed for ASD, and who had proteins measured in blood collected on ≥2 days (N = 763). ASD (N = 36) assessed at age 10 years is associated with recurrent top quartile concentrations of inflammation-related proteins during the first post-natal month (e.g., SAA odds ratio (OR); 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.5; 1.2–5.3) and IL-6 (OR; 95% CI: 2.6; 1.03–6.4)). Top quartile concentrations of neurotrophic proteins appear to moderate the increased risk of ASD associated with repeated top quartile concentrations of inflammation-related proteins. High (top quartile) concentrations of SAA are associated with elevated risk of ASD (2.8; 1.2–6.7) when Ang-1 concentrations are below the top quartile, but not when Ang-1 concentrations are high (1.3; 0.3–5.8). Similarly, high concentrations of TNF-α are associated with heightened risk of SRS-defined social impairment (N = 130) (2.0; 1.1–3.8) when ANG-1 concentrations are not high, but not when ANG-1 concentrations are elevated (0.5; 0.1–4.2)

Review of \u3ci\u3eSculpture from the Sheldon Memorial Art Gallery\u3c/i\u3e Edited by Karen O. Janovy

The sculpture collection that is the subject of this book is worthy of priority consideration. This is a truly remarkable holding of major artists of the twentieth century. Although certain sculptors are missing from its stellar list, the overall quality of the works makes the Sheldon Memorial Art Gallery at the University of Nebraska a major center for the study of modern sculpture in the Great Plains. The visitor will find representative examples of Alexander Calder\u27s sculptural innovations, a remarkable painted steel giant by Mark di Suvero, and a powerful outdoor sculpture in cor ten steel by Richard Serra. The directors and curators responsible for forming this rich collection located sculpture from various periods in the twentieth century, including dada, early American modernism, direct carvings, and constructivism. Examples range from expressionistic figure studies to postwar abstract works. During her directorship, Janice Dreisbach has continued the perspicacious collecting policies of her two predecessors, Norman A. Geske, director for thirty years beginning in 1953, and George Neubert, whose stewardship of the gallery began in 1983 and continued until 2000. Under the able leadership of these art historians, the Sheldon Memorial Art Gallery has formed a substantial collection of nineteenth- and twentieth-century works. That said, the publication devoted to these works is somewhat problematic. Despite the inc\u27lusion of stunning color plates throughout, the catalogue does not approach the standards one would expect from a university art museum. After the congratulatory forewords, a perfunctory sweep through the history of modern sculpture by David Cateforis is followed by ninety individual entries by university faculty and a curator and staff from the Sheldon Memorial Art Gallery. The texts are uneven, with some entries including biographical details while others describe the specific example and quote statements by the artist

Karen Finley

This article is an encyclopedia entry in the Grove Encyclopedia of American Art

Martha Wilson

This article is an encyclopedia entry in the Grove Encyclopedia of American Art