Métis Knowledges and Climate Change: Towards Adaptation in Southeastern Manitoba Michif Communities

Climate change poses a global existential threat, with Indigenous knowledges gaining momentous recognition for their critical role in addressing this challenge. Manitoba, experiencing rapid warming, faces ecological, social, and economic challenges, particularly negatively impacting Indigenous communities. This research, guided by my epistemological position as a Red River Métis woman, explores the contribution of Métis knowledges for climate change adaptation in the Homeland of the Red River Métis. The main objective of this thesis is to characterize Métis knowledges in Michif communities in Southeastern Manitoba to understand the linkages between colonization, land use, and climate change risks to develop adaptation approaches based on Métis knowledges. Crucially, this thesis will also aid in advocating for the inclusion of Métis ways of knowing in climate change adaptation policies. Grounded in relationships, experiential knowledge, and kinship, this research follows Indigenous Research Methodologies, fostering respect, relevance, responsibility, and reciprocity. This research is also based on Farrell Racette's Métis Kitchen Table Theory (Farrell Racette, 2004) a community-centred, anti-patriarchal, and anti-colonial approach that aligns with a more holistic approach to information exchange based on Métis culture and traditions. This research has the potential to foster effective climate adaptation planning and policy recommendations for Indigenous communities, with a specific focus on Métis knowledges and Métis communities. It addresses the challenges and opportunities faced by these communities to respond to climate change while fore fronting reconciliation and returning sovereignty to these communities. By bringing Métis knowledges into the climate change adaptation policy discourse, this research aims to increase Métis-led cultural and environmental security and sustainability in so-called Canada, initiating a crucial dialogue around including Métis knowledges at policy tables.University of Winnipeg; Research Manitoba; Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; Manitoba Métis FederationMaster of Arts in Environmental and Social Chang

(Eta6-arene) ruthenium(II) complexes and metallo-papain hybrid as Lewis acid catalysts of Diels-Alder reaction in water.

International audienceCovalent embedding of a (eta(6)-arene) ruthenium(II) complex into the protein papain gives rise to a metalloenzyme displaying a catalytic efficiency for a Lewis acid-mediated catalysed Diels-Alder reaction enhanced by two orders of magnitude in water

CAPTURE ALS: The comprehensive analysis platform to understand, remedy and eliminate ALS

The absence of disease modifying treatments for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is in large part a consequence of its complexity and heterogeneity. Deep clinical and biological phenotyping of people living with ALS would assist in the development of effective treatments and target specific biomarkers to monitor disease progression and inform on treatment efficacy. The objective of this paper is to present the Comprehensive Analysis Platform To Understand Remedy and Eliminate ALS (CAPTURE ALS), an open and translational platform for the scientific community currently in development. CAPTURE ALS is a Canadian-based platform designed to include participants\u27 voices in its development and through execution. Standardized methods will be used to longitudinally characterize ALS patients and healthy controls through deep clinical phenotyping, neuroimaging, neurocognitive and speech assessments, genotyping and multisource biospecimen collection. This effort plugs into complementary Canadian and international initiatives to share common resources. Here, we describe in detail the infrastructure, operating procedures, and long-term vision of CAPTURE ALS to facilitate and accelerate translational ALS research in Canada and beyond

Sampling cambial region and mature xylem for non structural carbohydrates and starch analyses

This paper describes a procedure to analyze non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) and starch in xylem and cambial region extracted by the scraping method. An application on woody logs of 2-year-old Populus×canadensis Mönch 'I-214' during tree-ring formation is reported. Samples are freeze-dried in liquid nitrogen and, successively, the bark is removed. After drying, the breaks between bark and xylem take place in correspondence of differentiating xylem cells. The cambial region with the differentiating phloem and xylem is gently scraped with a razor blade from the inner side of the bark and the outermost side of the stem, respectively. Additionally the mature xylem is milled until obtaining a powder. The amount of the cambial region collected by scraping changes with respect to the width of the differentiating zone (differentiating phloem and xylem), with higher amount of dry matter obtained during the maximum rate of xylem formation and high stem water content. After extraction of the powder in an ethanol solution and centrifugation, the supernatant and the resulting pellet are used for assessing the contents of non structural carbohydrates (NSC) and starch, respectively. NSC are determined using the High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analysis and starch by colorimetric method. In both cambial region and xylem, the major NSC are glucose and fructose which represented together more than 80% of the total NSC during wood formation. However, the total NSC are higher in cambial region compared to xylem, especially when the xylem and phloem are differentiating. The scraping technique provides the possibility to sample cambial region during the year, allowing the investigation of metabolic changes during tree-ring formation

Effects of soil warming and nitrogen foliar applications on bud burst of black spruce

Key message: In mature black spruce, bud burst process is anticipated by soil warming, while delayed by foliar applications of nitrogen; however, the effects depend on growth conditions at the site. Abstract: The observation of phenological events can be used as biological indicator of environmental changes, especially from the perspective of climate change. In boreal forests, the onset of the bud burst is a key factor in the length of the growing season. With current climate change, the major factors limiting the growth of boreal trees (i.e., temperature and nitrogen availability) are changing and studies on mature trees are limited. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of soil warming and increased nitrogen (N) deposition on bud burst of mature black spruce [Picea mariana (Mill.) BSP]. From 2008 onwards, an experimental manipulation of these environmental growth conditions was conducted in two stands (BER and SIM) at different altitudes in the boreal forest of Quebec, Canada. An increase in soil temperature (H treatment) and a canopy application of artificial rain enriched with nitrogen (N treatment) were performed. Observations of bud phenology were made during May–July 2012 and 2013. In BER, H treatment caused an anticipation (estimated as 1–3 days); while N treatment, a delay (estimated as 1–2 days but only in 2012) in bud burst. No treatments effect was significant in SIM. It has been demonstrated that soil temperature and N availability can play an important role in affecting bud burst in black spruce but the effects of these environmental factors on growth are closely linked with site conditions

Minimal information for studies of extracellular vesicles (MISEV2023): From basic to advanced approaches

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), through their complex cargo, can reflect the state of their cell of origin and change the functions and phenotypes of other cells. These features indicate strong biomarker and therapeutic potential and have generated broad interest, as evidenced by the steady year-on-year increase in the numbers of scientific publications about EVs. Important advances have been made in EV metrology and in understanding and applying EV biology. However, hurdles remain to realising the potential of EVs in domains ranging from basic biology to clinical applications due to challenges in EV nomenclature, separation from non-vesicular extracellular particles, characterisation and functional studies. To address the challenges and opportunities in this rapidly evolving field, the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles (ISEV) updates its 'Minimal Information for Studies of Extracellular Vesicles', which was first published in 2014 and then in 2018 as MISEV2014 and MISEV2018, respectively. The goal of the current document, MISEV2023, is to provide researchers with an updated snapshot of available approaches and their advantages and limitations for production, separation and characterisation of EVs from multiple sources, including cell culture, body fluids and solid tissues. In addition to presenting the latest state of the art in basic principles of EV research, this document also covers advanced techniques and approaches that are currently expanding the boundaries of the field. MISEV2023 also includes new sections on EV release and uptake and a brief discussion of in vivo approaches to study EVs. Compiling feedback from ISEV expert task forces and more than 1000 researchers, this document conveys the current state of EV research to facilitate robust scientific discoveries and move the field forward even more rapidly

L’efficacité de la résolution de problèmes comme moyen de transfert des connaissances dans le cours théories de l'apprentissage

Notre recherche traite de la résolution de problèmes (R.P.) et du transfert des connaissances acquises au cours "Théories de l'apprentissage" chez des étudiants de baccalauréat en enseignement au préscolaire et primaire. L'objet de cette recherche est de vérifier si l'apprentissage par résolution de problèmes facilite le passage de la théorie à la pratique. Pour ce faire, nous avons mené une expérimentation auprès de deux groupes d'étudiants; l'un témoin, l'autre expérimental. Pour le groupe témoin, le professeur a utilisé sa méthode d'enseignement habituelle, l'enseignement thématique. Le groupe expérimental a reçu pour sa part un enseignement par résolution de problèmes. On a administré à chacun des groupes un prétest et un post-test. Les analyses statistiques n'ont pas montré de différence significative entre les deux groupes. Par contre, on observe des tendances chez les sujets du groupe expérimental à performer davantage à certains items au post-test

L’efficacité de la résolution de problèmes comme moyen de transfert des connaissances dans le cours théories de l'apprentissage

Notre recherche traite de la résolution de problèmes (R.P.) et du transfert des connaissances acquises au cours "Théories de l'apprentissage" chez des étudiants de baccalauréat en enseignement au préscolaire et primaire. L'objet de cette recherche est de vérifier si l'apprentissage par résolution de problèmes facilite le passage de la théorie à la pratique. Pour ce faire, nous avons mené une expérimentation auprès de deux groupes d'étudiants; l'un témoin, l'autre expérimental. Pour le groupe témoin, le professeur a utilisé sa méthode d'enseignement habituelle, l'enseignement thématique. Le groupe expérimental a reçu pour sa part un enseignement par résolution de problèmes. On a administré à chacun des groupes un prétest et un post-test. Les analyses statistiques n'ont pas montré de différence significative entre les deux groupes. Par contre, on observe des tendances chez les sujets du groupe expérimental à performer davantage à certains items au post-test

Verbal interactions in behavioral consultation

The purpose of this study was to examine the patterns of relational communication that occur during conjoint behavioural consultation (CBC) and explore the relationship between relational control during CBC and intervention outcome. The participants included nine children with identified behavioural problems (ages 3 to 7), the parents and teachers of these children who acted as consultees, and graduate students who acted as consultants. The Conjoint Problem Identification Interview (CPII) and the Conjoint Problem Analysis Interview (CPAI) of the nine CBC cases were coded using the Family Relational Control Coding System. Scores on the variables "domineeringness" and "dominance" were calculated for each participant in order to measure relational control. Improvements in children's target behaviour from baseline to intervention at home and at school, as measured by effect size statistics, was used as a measure of intervention outcome. Consultants exerted more control (i.e., domineeringness and dominance) over the consultation process when compared to consultees. Also, there is preliminary evidence that in general, a higher degree of consultant control is associated with more favorable CBC outcomes at home and at school, while a lower degree of consultees control is associated with more favorable CBC outcomes at home. Results are discussed in light of their practical and theoretical implications