Beneficial Effects of Vitamins K and D3 on Redox Balance of Human Osteoblasts Cultured with Hydroxyapatite-Based Biomaterials

Hydroxyapatite-based biomaterials are commonly used in surgery to repair bone damage. However, the introduction of biomaterials into the body can cause metabolic alterations, including redox imbalance. Because vitamins D3 and K (K1, MK-4, MK-7) have pronounced osteoinductive, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties, it is suggested that they may reduce the adverse effects of biomaterials. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of vitamins D3 and K, used alone and in combination, on the redox metabolism of human osteoblasts (hFOB 1.19 cell line) cultured in the presence of hydroxyapatite-based biomaterials (Maxgraft, Cerabone, Apatos, and Gen-Os). Culturing of the osteoblasts in the presence of hydroxyapatite-based biomaterials resulted in oxidative stress manifested by increased production of reactive oxygen species and decrease of glutathione level and glutathione peroxidase activity. Such redox imbalance leads to lipid peroxidation manifested by an increase of 4-hydroxynonenal level, which is known to influence the growth of bone cells. Vitamins D3 and K were shown to help maintain redox balance and prevent lipid peroxidation in osteoblasts cultured with hydroxyapatite-based biomaterials. The strongest effect was observed for the combination of vitamin D3 and MK-7. Moreover, vitamins promoted growth of the osteoblasts, manifested by increased DNA biosynthesis. Therefore, it is suggested that the use of vitamins D3 and K may protect redox balance and support the growth of osteoblasts affected by hydroxyapatite-based biomaterials

Sound devices in translation: “The Locomotive” by Julian Tuwim and its French translations.

Celem niniejszej pracy magisterskiej jest analiza tłumaczenia warstwy brzmieniowej „Lokomotywy” Juliana Tuwima oraz jej tłumaczeń na francuski. Przekłady autorstwa Jana Burko, Paula Cazin oraz jeden anonimowy zostają ze sobą porównane, co otwiera dyskusje na temat przekładalności warstwy brzmieniowej wierszy. Omawiany utwór stanowiący swoistą onomatopeję stał się wyzwaniem dla wielu tłumaczy, dlatego tak ważna wydaje się analiza technik, jakie zostały zastosowane we francuskich tłumaczeniach tego najsłynniejszego, polskiego wiersza dla dzieci.The research focuses on the analysis of the translation of the sound devices in Julian Tuwim's poem “The Locomotive” and its French translations. The translations of Jan Burko, Paul Cazin and the anonymous author are compared, which opens discussions on the translatability of the sound devices in poems. Because of their abundance, “The Locomotive” is considered as a challenge by many translators, and therefore the methods used in the French translations of this famous Polish poem for children seem prominent.Cette recherche se concentre sur l'analyse de la traduction de la couche sonore de la « Locomotive » de Julian Tuwim et de ses traductions françaises. Les traductions de Jan Burko, de Paul Cazin et de l'auteur anonyme sont comparées, ce qui ouvre la discussion sur la traductibilité de la couche sonore des poèmes. La « Locomotive » constituant sui generis une onomatopée est devenu défi pour les traducteurs et c'est pourquoi les techniques utilisées dans les traductions françaises de ce célèbre poème polonais pour enfants semblent vraiment signifiantes

Protective Effects of Vitamin K Compounds on the Proteomic Profile of Osteoblasts under Oxidative Stress Conditions

Oxidative stress, which accompanies the pathogenesis of many bone diseases, contributes to the reduction of osteoblast activity, resulting in the inhibition of differentiation. This study aimed to assess the effect of vitamins K1 and K2 (MK4 and MK7) on the proteomic profile of human osteoblasts cell line under oxidative conditions induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The analysis was performed using QExactiveHF mass spectrometer with a nanoelectrospray ionization source. The osteoblast protein exposed to oxidative stress and vitamin K was compared with the proteome of cells exposed only to oxidative stress. Our proteomic analysis identified 1234 proteins changed after 5 days, 967 after 15 days, and 1214 after 20 days of culture. We observed the most frequent changes in the expression of proteins with catalytic activity or protein/DNA binding properties (45% and 40%, respectively). Significant changes were also observed in proteins with transcription/translation regulator activity (2–6%), regulators of molecular functions (5–6%), signal transducers (1–4%), transporters (4–6%), and structural molecules (3–5%). Our results clearly show that vitamins K protect cells from H2O2-induced changes in protein expression, primarily through their effects on transcriptional regulators and transporter proteins. As a result, vitamins K can support the formation, remodeling, and mineralization of bone tissue

The Effect of Sea Buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) Seed Oil on UV-Induced Changes in Lipid Metabolism of Human Skin Cells

Lipids and proteins of skin cells are the most exposed to harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation contained in sunlight. There is a growing need for natural compounds that will protect these sensitive molecules from damage, without harmful side effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of sea buckthorn seed oil on the redox balance and lipid metabolism in UV irradiated cells formed different skin layers to examine whether it had a protective effect. Human keratinocytes and fibroblasts were subjected to UVA (ultraviolet type A; 30 J/cm2 and 20 J/cm2) or UVB (ultraviolet type B; 60 mJ/cm2 and 200 mJ/cm2, respectively) radiation and treated with sea buckthorn seed oil (500 ng/mL), and the redox activity was estimated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and enzymatic/non-enzymatic antioxidants activity/level (using electron spin resonance (ESR), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and spectrophotometry). Lipid metabolism was measured by the level of fatty acids, lipid peroxidation products, endocannabinoids and phospholipase A2 activity (GC/MS (gas chromatography/mass spectrometry), LC/MS (liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry), and spectrophotometry). Also, transcription factor Nrf2 (nuclear erythroid 2-related factor) and its activators/inhibitors, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR) and cannabinoid receptor levels were measured (Western blot). Sea buckthorn oil partially prevents UV-induced ROS generation and enhances the level of non-enzymatic antioxidants such as glutathione (GSH), thioredoxin (Trx) and vitamins E and A. Moreover, it stimulates the activity of Nrf2 leading to enhanced antioxidant enzyme activity. As a result, decreases in lipid peroxidation products (4-hydroxynonenal, 8-isoprostaglandin) and increases in the endocannabinoid receptor levels were observed. Moreover, sea buckthorn oil treatment enhanced the level of phospholipid and free fatty acids, while simultaneously decreasing the cannabinoid receptor expression in UV irradiated keratinocytes and fibroblasts. The main differences in sea buckthorn oil on various skin cell types was observed in the case of PPARs—in keratinocytes following UV radiation PPAR expression was decreased by sea buckthorn oil treatment, while in fibroblasts the reverse effect was observed, indicating an anti-inflammatory effect. With these results, sea buckthorn seed oil exhibited prevention of UV-induced disturbances in redox balance as well as lipid metabolism in skin fibroblasts and keratinocytes, which indicates it is a promising natural compound in skin photo-protection

Cyst Nematode Infection Elicits Alteration in the Level of Reactive Nitrogen Species, Protein S-Nitrosylation and Nitration, and Nitrosoglutathione Reductase in Arabidopsis thaliana Roots

Reactive nitrogen species (RNS) are redox molecules important for plant defense against pathogens. The aim of the study was to determine whether the infection by the beet cyst nematode Heterodera schachtii disrupts RNS balance in Arabidopsis thaliana roots. For this purpose, measurements of nitric oxide (NO), peroxynitrite (ONOO−), protein S-nitrosylation and nitration, and nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR) in A. thaliana roots from 1 day to 15 days post-inoculation (dpi) were performed. The cyst nematode infection caused generation of NO and ONOO− in the infected roots. These changes were accompanied by an expansion of S-nitrosylated and nitrated proteins. The enzyme activity of GSNOR was decreased at 3 and 15 dpi and increased at 7 dpi in infected roots, whereas the GSNOR1 transcript level was enhanced over the entire examination period. The protein content of GSNOR was increased in infected roots at 3 dpi and 7 dpi, but at 15 dpi, did not differ between uninfected and infected roots. The protein of GSNOR was detected in plastids, mitochondria, cytoplasm, as well as endoplasmic reticulum and cytoplasmic membranes. We postulate that RNS metabolism plays an important role in plant defense against the beet cyst nematode and helps the fine-tuning of the infected plants to stress sparked by phytoparasitic nematodes

Polish translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the Caregiver Priorities and Child Health Index of Life with Disabilities questionnaire.

Matuszczak Ewa, Zielinska-Turek Justyna, Debek Wojciech, Komarowska Marta, Muszyńska-Roslan Katarzyna, Wojnar Jerzy Andrzej, Hermanowicz Adam. Polish translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the Caregiver Priorities and Child Health Index of Life with Disabilities questionnaire. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2017;7(6):492-500. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.821726 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/4573 The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part B item 1223 (26.01.2017). 1223 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eISSN 2391-8306 7 © The Author 2017; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 03.06.2017. Revised: 20.06.2017. Accepted: 30.06.2017. Polish translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the Caregiver Priorities and Child Health Index of Life with Disabilities questionnaire Ewa Matuszczak1, Justyna Zielinska-Turek2, Wojciech Debek1, Marta Komarowska1, Katarzyna Muszyńska-Roslan3, Jerzy Andrzej Wojnar4, Adam Hermanowicz1 1. Department of Pediatric Surgery Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland 2. Department of Neurology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland 3. Department of Pediatric Oncology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland 4. Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland Corresponding author: Adam Hermanowicz Assoc Prof. Pediatric Surgery Department Medical University of Bialystok, Poland [email protected] Abstract: The aim of this study was to translate and adapt the Caregiver Priorities and Child Health Index of Life with Disabilities (CPCHILD) questionnaire into the Polish language, and to test the reliability and validity of CPCHILD scores of children with cerebral palsy (CP). Methods: This study consisted of two parts: the translation and transcultural adaptation of the English version of the CPCHILD into Polish language and the validity testing of the Polish version of the CPCHILD. Patients: Parents of non-ambulatory children with CP aged between 5 and 18 years. All of the 25 children with cerebral palsy were classified using the Gross Motor Function Classification System as level V. Results: The Polish version of CPCHILD yielded similar test-retest reliability and score distributions across the GMFCS level as the original version. The best correlations were observed for domains that are close to the functional deficits. Conclusion: This study shows that the Polish version of CPCHILD, the same as English version, is a disease specific measure of the caregivers’ perspective, is reliable and internally consistent, and can be reliably used to evaluate the health-related quality of life in Polish patients with CP from the caregivers’ perspective. Key words: Caregiver Priorities and Child Health Index of Life with Disabilities, transcultural adaptation, validatio

PYR/PYL/RCAR Receptors Play a Vital Role in the Abscisic-Acid-Dependent Responses of Plants to External or Internal Stimuli

Abscisic acid (ABA) is a phytohormone that plays a key role in regulating several developmental processes as well as in response to stressful conditions such as drought. Activation of the ABA signaling cascade allows the induction of an appropriate physiological response. The basic components of the ABA signaling pathway have been recognized and characterized in recent years. Pyrabactin resistance, pyrabactin resistance-like, and the regulatory component of ABA receptors (PYR/PYL/RCAR) are the major components responsible for the regulation of the ABA signaling pathway. Here, we review recent findings concerning the PYR/PYL/RCAR receptor structure, function, and interaction with other components of the ABA signaling pathway as well as the termination mechanism of ABA signals in plant cells. Since ABA is one of the basic elements related to abiotic stress, which is increasingly common in the era of climate changes, understanding the perception and transduction of the signal related to this phytohormone is of paramount importance in further increasing crop tolerance to various stress factors