Cell Death Related Proteins Beyond Apoptosis in the CNS

Cell death related (CDR) proteins are a diverse group of proteins whose original function was ascribed to apoptotic cell death signaling. Recently, descriptions of non-apoptotic functions for CDR proteins have increased. In this minireview, we comment on recent studies of CDR proteins outside the field of apoptosis in the CNS, encompassing areas such as the inflammasome and non-apoptotic cell death, cytoskeleton reorganization, synaptic plasticity, mitophagy, neurodegeneration and calcium signaling among others. Furthermore, we discuss the evolution of proteomic techniques used to predict caspase substrates that could potentially explain their non-apoptotic roles. Finally, we address new concepts in the field of non-apoptotic functions of CDR proteins that require further research such the effect of sexual dimorphism on non-apoptotic CDR protein function and the emergence of zymogen-specific caspase functions.Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades PID 2019-107948RA-I00Universidad de Sevilla US-1265062Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad RYC-2017-2180

Galanin (1-15) enhances the effects of Fluoxetine in an animal model of depression. Role of the 5-HT1A receptor.

Major depression is one of the most significant contributors to global disability. Selective serotoninergicreuptake inhibitors, including Fluoxetine (FLX), are the most commonly used antidepressant but are onlyeffective in 50% of patients. In recent studies, we observed that the N-terminal fragment of Galanin [GAL(1-15)]enhanced the antidepressant effects of FLX in naïve rodents. In this study, we analyzed the effect of GAL(1-15) in combination with FLX in an animal model of depression,the olfactory bulbectomy (OBX) rat, in the forced swimming test (FST) and the sucrose preference test (SPT)tests, related with despair and anhedonic behaviors. We also studied the role of the hippocampal 5-HT1AR inGAL(1-15)-enhancing effects using quantitative autoradiographic techniques. Groups of rats (n=7-9) received a subchronic pattern of FLX(10mg/Kg) alone or in combination with GAL(1-15)(1nmol) 15 min before the tests. Then, brains were removed, and coronal sections were obtained at the dorsalhippocampus. Saturation experiments were performed using [3H]-8-OH-DPAT. One-way ANOVA followed byFisher ́ s least significant difference test was used. Our results show that GAL(1-15)+FLX induced a decrease in the immobility time (p<0.05) and an increase inswimming by 30% (p<0.01) compared with FLX in the FST. In the SPT, only the combination of GAL(1-15)+FLXcould reverse the anhedonic behavior of OBX rats, increasing the sucrose intake (p<0.05) and preference(p<0.05). The combination of GAL(1-15)+FLX decreases the Kd and increases the Bmax value of 5-HT1A (p<0,05) in DGcompared with FLX in OBX animals. In conclusion, combining GAL(1-15)+FLX suggests a new augmentation strategy for treating depression.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Desarrollo de un programa de mentorías de matemáticas para los alumnos de grado de la Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales

Programa de mentorías por parte de alumnos de cursos superiores a alumnos de primer curso del Grado en Economía en asignaturas de matemáticas que les permita mejorar su motivación y los resultados logrados

Influencia de factores ambientales en lagunas de estabilización de la capital de Catamarca

Las lagunas de estabilización son reactores utilizados para la depuración de aguas residuales. El efluente es almacenado durante períodos de tiempo variable en función de la carga orgánica y superficial aplicada y de las condiciones climáticas de la zona. La radiación solar, el oxígeno disuelto y el pH de las lagunas afectan los índices de remoción de Escherichia coli. En este trabajo se evalúa la influencia de la radiación incidente, oxígeno disuelto, temperatura, pH y tiempo de retención en la remoción de Escherichia Coli de lagunas de estabilización de la ciudad de Catamarca. Para evaluar la calidad del efluente se extrajeron muestras compensadas en la descarga al lecho del río Santa Cruz. Los parámetros fueron analizados aplicando métodos estandarizados. La calidad bacteriológica del efluente es apta para su reuso con fines agrícolas sólo en los meses donde confluyen factores climáticos y físico-químicos favorables a la remoción de patógenos.Waste stabilization ponds are reactors used for sewage treatment. Sewage is stored during variable periods according to the organic and surface load applied and climatic conditions. Solar radiation, dissolved oxygen and pH in the ponds affect the removal rates of Escherichia coli. This work evaluates the influence of incident radiation, dissolved oxygen, temperature, pH and hydraulic retention time on the removal of Escherichia coli in waste stabilization ponds in the city of Catamarca. In order to test the quality of the effluents, compensated samples were extracted in the discharge point to Santa Cruz River. Parameters were analyzed applying standardized methods. Bacteriological quality is appropriate for agricultural re-use only during months when there are climatic and physicochemical factors are favorable for pathogen removal.Asociación Argentina de Energías Renovables y Medio Ambiente (ASADES

Influencia de factores ambientales en lagunas de estabilización de la capital de Catamarca

Las lagunas de estabilización son reactores utilizados para la depuración de aguas residuales. El efluente es almacenado durante períodos de tiempo variable en función de la carga orgánica y superficial aplicada y de las condiciones climáticas de la zona. La radiación solar, el oxígeno disuelto y el pH de las lagunas afectan los índices de remoción de Escherichia coli. En este trabajo se evalúa la influencia de la radiación incidente, oxígeno disuelto, temperatura, pH y tiempo de retención en la remoción de Escherichia Coli de lagunas de estabilización de la ciudad de Catamarca. Para evaluar la calidad del efluente se extrajeron muestras compensadas en la descarga al lecho del río Santa Cruz. Los parámetros fueron analizados aplicando métodos estandarizados. La calidad bacteriológica del efluente es apta para su reuso con fines agrícolas sólo en los meses donde confluyen factores climáticos y físico-químicos favorables a la remoción de patógenos.Waste stabilization ponds are reactors used for sewage treatment. Sewage is stored during variable periods according to the organic and surface load applied and climatic conditions. Solar radiation, dissolved oxygen and pH in the ponds affect the removal rates of Escherichia coli. This work evaluates the influence of incident radiation, dissolved oxygen, temperature, pH and hydraulic retention time on the removal of Escherichia coli in waste stabilization ponds in the city of Catamarca. In order to test the quality of the effluents, compensated samples were extracted in the discharge point to Santa Cruz River. Parameters were analyzed applying standardized methods. Bacteriological quality is appropriate for agricultural re-use only during months when there are climatic and physicochemical factors are favorable for pathogen removal.Asociación Argentina de Energías Renovables y Medio Ambiente (ASADES

Influencia de factores ambientales en lagunas de estabilización de la capital de Catamarca

Las lagunas de estabilización son reactores utilizados para la depuración de aguas residuales. El efluente es almacenado durante períodos de tiempo variable en función de la carga orgánica y superficial aplicada y de las condiciones climáticas de la zona. La radiación solar, el oxígeno disuelto y el pH de las lagunas afectan los índices de remoción de Escherichia coli. En este trabajo se evalúa la influencia de la radiación incidente, oxígeno disuelto, temperatura, pH y tiempo de retención en la remoción de Escherichia Coli de lagunas de estabilización de la ciudad de Catamarca. Para evaluar la calidad del efluente se extrajeron muestras compensadas en la descarga al lecho del río Santa Cruz. Los parámetros fueron analizados aplicando métodos estandarizados. La calidad bacteriológica del efluente es apta para su reuso con fines agrícolas sólo en los meses donde confluyen factores climáticos y físico-químicos favorables a la remoción de patógenos.Waste stabilization ponds are reactors used for sewage treatment. Sewage is stored during variable periods according to the organic and surface load applied and climatic conditions. Solar radiation, dissolved oxygen and pH in the ponds affect the removal rates of Escherichia coli. This work evaluates the influence of incident radiation, dissolved oxygen, temperature, pH and hydraulic retention time on the removal of Escherichia coli in waste stabilization ponds in the city of Catamarca. In order to test the quality of the effluents, compensated samples were extracted in the discharge point to Santa Cruz River. Parameters were analyzed applying standardized methods. Bacteriological quality is appropriate for agricultural re-use only during months when there are climatic and physicochemical factors are favorable for pathogen removal.Asociación Argentina de Energías Renovables y Medio Ambiente (ASADES

Evaluation of MYC Gene Amplification in Prostate Cancer Using a Dual Color Chromogenic In Situ Hybridization (Dual CISH) Assay

Objective: The overall purpose of the study was to demonstrate applicability of the DAKO dual-color chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH) assay (DAKO Denmark, Glostrup) with respect to fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) probes MYC-C. Methods: MYC gene amplification by FISH and DAKO dual-color CISH Results: The study showed that the dual-color CISH assay can convert Texas red and fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) signals into chromogenic signals. The dual –color CISH assay was performed on 40 cases of prostate cancer. Amplification was identified in 12 of 40 (30%) tumors. No amplification was seen in 28 of 40 (70%) tumors. FISH data were available in total of 40 tumors. All tumors showed concordant results between dual-color CISH and FISH for classifying a tumor as MYC amplified or not amplified. Conclusions: We conclude that dual-color DAKO CISH assay is an accurate method for determining MYC gene amplification with added advantages that make it a more practically useful method.Fil: Lerda, Daniel Enrique. Universidad Católica de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud; Argentin

Galanin N-terminal fragment (1-15) reduces alcohol consumption in the self-administration with involvement of mesocorticolimbic system in rats.

Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) is a highly prevalent disorder characterized by an impaired ability tostop or control alcohol use despite the adverse consequences. Nowadays, AUD treatment is limiteddue to the low efficacy of the medication. Our research group discovered that GAL(1–15) induces asubstantial reduction in preference and voluntary alcohol consumption in rats. To investigate therole of GAL(1-15) in alcohol seeking-behaviour, we used the self-administration in rats. Also, weanalyzed the mesocorticolimbic system on the mRNA expression. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (n=6-15 animals in each group) were trained to self-administer 10%alcohol under fixed-ratio FR1 in the self-administration boxes. GAL(1-15) or vehicle wereadministered intracerebroventricular 15 min before the test. A dose-response of GAL(1-15) at doses0.3, 1 and 3nmol was performed in the alcohol self-administration test. GALR1 and GALR2 wereanalyzed with GALR2 antagonist M871 and using an in vivo model siRNA GALR1 or GALR2knockdown rats. We analyzed mRNA expression of C-Fos in the ventral tegmental area (VTA),accumbens nucleus (NAc) and prefrontal cortex (PFC). One-way ANOVA followed by Fisher´s leastsignificant difference test was used. GAL(1-15) 3nmol reduced the number of reinforcements and the active lever (p<0.01) comparedwith control animals. GAL(1-15) 1nmol induced a less strong but significant reduction in thisparameters.The M871 3nmol blocked the GAL(1-15)-induced reduction in the number ofreinforcements and in the number of active lever (p<0.05). Downregulation of GALR1 or GALR2 bysiRNA was sufficient to block GAL(1-15) effects in this test.GAL(1-15) 3nmol increased mRNA C-Foslevels in VTA (p<0.01), NAc (p<0.05) and PFC(p<0.05) compared with control group. Our results indicate that GAL(1-15) induces a strong reduction of alcohol-seeking behaviour withthe involvement of the mesocorticolimbic pathway and open up the possibility of using GAL(1-15)fragment as a novel pharmacological strategy in AUDUniversidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Plants Probiotics as a Tool to Produce Highly Functional Fruits: The Case of Phyllobacterium and Vitamin C in Strawberries

10 páginas, 1 tabla, 1 figuraThe increasing interest in the preservation of the environment and the health of consumers is changing production methods and food consumption habits. Functional foods are increasingly demanded by consumers because they contain bioactive compounds involved in health protection. In this sense biofertilization using plant probiotics is a reliable alternative to the use of chemical fertilizers, but there are few studies about the effects of plant probiotics on the yield of functional fruits and, especially, on the content of bioactive compounds. In the present work we reported that a strain of genus Phyllobacterium able to produce biofilms and to colonize strawberry roots is able to increase the yield and quality of strawberry plants. In addition, the fruits from plants inoculated with this strain have significantly higher content in vitamin C, one of the most interesting bioactive compounds in strawberries. Therefore the use of selected plant probiotics benefits the environment and human health without agronomical losses, allowing the production of highly functional foods.This work was granted by “Junta de Castilla y León” (Regional Government, Grant SA183A11-2) and MINECO (Central Government, Grant AGL2011-29227). Paula García-Fraile is recipient of a postdoctoral researcher contract from Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic. José David Flores-Félix was supported by a fellowship of Salamanca University. Marta Marcos García was supported by a fellowship of Fundación Miguel Casado San José. Luís R. Silva is grateful to the financial support from the European Union (FEDER funds through COMPETE) and National Funds (FCT, Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia) through project Pest-C/EQB/LA0006/2013 and from the European Union (FEDER funds) under the framework of QREN through Project NORTE-07-0124-FEDER- 000069.Peer reviewe