СТРУКТУРНАЯ ЭВОЛЮЦИЯ ОКЕАНИЧЕСКИХ КОРОВЫХ КОМПЛЕКСОВ: КОНЦЕПЦИЯ, ОСНОВАННАЯ НА АНАЛОГОВОМ МОДЕЛИРОВАНИИ

Oceanic core complexes are lithological assemblages of predominantly peridotites and serpentinites, located along intersections of some slow-spreading oceanic accreting rifts and fracture zones, embedded in the predominantly basaltic oceanic lithosphere, and fresh and old basalts are juxtaposed across the fracture zone. Centrifuge-based experimental models indicated that subduction would initiate at sites where two lithospheric slabs are juxtaposed, provided that the density difference between them is at least 200 kg/m3 and the friction along their contact plane is low. It was discerned that the modeled underthrust denser lithosphere would reach the modeled asthenosphere and represent tectonic subduction. In many such occurrences, extension in the over-riding slab would develop normal faults that could be penetrated by the lighter fraction of the subducted slab, generating volcanism and diapirism. These experiments suggest further that since the density contrasts and the low friction constraints could be satisfied at the intersections of fracture zones and slow-spreading oceanic ridges, subduction could occur there too and not only along ocean-continent boundaries. Furthermore, since the thermal gradient in ridge-fracture zone intersections is very steep and volatiles in the underthrust slab abound in the subducted slab, a portion of the underthrust basalts would undergo serpentinization and another segment could become peridotitic. It is suggested further that the light serpentinite would ascend through the normal faults in the over-riding slab and reach the seafloor diapirically, carrying along large sections of peridotite, to produce the serpentinite-peridotite petrology that typifies oceanic core complex at junctions of fracture zones and slow spreading ridges.Комплексы океанических ядер представляют собой литологические ассоциации преимущественно перидотитов и серпентинитов, которые располагаются вдоль пересечений медленноспрединговых океанических рифтов и разломных зон, локализованных в основном в базальтовой океанической литосфере; при этом молодые и древние базальты соседствуют по всей разломной зоне. Модели, разработанные на базе экспериментов с использованием центрифуги, показывают, что субдукция начинается на участках, где две литосферные плиты располагаются рядом друг с другом, при условии, что разность плотностей контактирующих литосферных слэбов составляет не менее 200 кг/м3, а трение вдоль плоскости их контакта низкое. Установлено, что в предполагаемой модели более плотная литосфера под давлением может достигать астеносферы, что представляет собой модель тектонической субдукции. Во многих случаях растяжение надвигающейся плиты приводит к развитию сбросов, в которые могут проникать более легкие части опускающейся плиты, вследствие чего возникают вулканы и диапиры. Эксперименты показывают, что, поскольку требуемые условия контрастности плотностей и низкого трения могут быть характерны для участков, где разломные зоны пересекаются с медленноспрединговыми океаническими хребтами, процессы, подобные субдукции могут происходить и на таких участках, а не только вдоль границы океан – континент. Более того, поскольку температурный градиент в зоне пересечения океанического хребта и разломной зоны очень высокий и летучие вещества поднадвигового слэба присутствуют в большом количестве в субдуцируемом слэбе, базальты в поднадвиговом слэбе будут частично подвергнуты серпентинизации, а другая часть – перидотитизации. Также можно предполагать, что легкие серпентиниты будут подниматься по сбросам в надвигающийся слэб и достигнут морского дна в виде диапиров, принося с собой большие объемы перидотитов, что приведет к образованию серпентинит-перидотитовых пород, типичных для комплексов океанических ядер на участках, где разломные зоны пересекаются с медленноспрединговыми океаническими хребтами

Evaluation of nutritional value of the artichoke (Cynara scolymus) in the laying quails production

P?ginas 15-21En el presente estudio se evalu? el valor nutricional de la alcachofa (Cynara scolymus) suministrada a codornices de postura (Coturnix jap?nica). Se determin? sus efectos en par?metros productivos, costos de alimentaci?n, niveles de colesterol y triglic?ridos sangu?neos, pH fecal, microbiolog?a del tracto intestinal, heces, histolog?a del intestino delgado y alometr?a de ?rganos digestivos. Se emplearon 90 codornices de postura divididas en 5 tratamientos, 3 r?plicas y 6 aves en cada una, alimentadas por diez semanas. Los tratamientos 1, 2, 3, 4 y 5 conten?an alcachofa en 0%, 1%, 2%, 3% y 4% en la dieta, respectivamente. Los resultados de las variables productivas no mostraron diferencias significativas (p<0.05), al igual que el pH fecal, colesterol sangu?neo, ancho de vellosidades intestinales y peso de los ?rganos digestivos. A pesar de ello los mejores resultados se encontraron en los animales alimentados con alcachofa. En el peso del huevo (10.07g vs. 10.63g), niveles de triglic?ridos sangu?neos (837 mg/dl vs. 379.3 mg/dl), longitud de vellosidades (242.13 ?m vs. 382.8 ?m) y profundidad de las criptas (51.9 ?m vs. 71.5 ?m) se encontraron diferencias significativas (p<0.05). No se aisl? Salmonella en ninguno de los tratamientos y un conteo menor de coliformes fecales se observ? en los tratamientos con alcachofa. Se determin? que el tratamiento cinco fue el de menor costo de producci?n parcial. Se concluye que la inclusi?n de alcachofa en la alimentaci?n de codornices de postura mejora los resultados productivos y las funciones fisiol?gicas intestinales de los animales.ABSTRACT. Nutritional value of the artichoke (Cynara scolymus) in the production of laying quails was evaluated, determining its effects in the productive parameters, nourishment costs, levels of cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood, fecal pH, microbiology of the intestinal tract and faeces, histology of the small intestine and allometry of digestive organs. 90 laying quails were used, which were divided into 5 treatments, 3 replicas and 6 birds in each one, they were fed for ten weeks. Treatments 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 contained artichoke in 0%, 1%, 2%, 3% and 4% of inclusion in the diet, respectively. Neither the results of the productive variables, nor the fecal pH, cholesterol in the blood, width of intestinal down and weight of digestive organs showed significant differences (p<0.05). However the best results were in the animals fed with artichoke. In the weight of the egg (10.07 g vs. 10.63 g), levels of triglycerides in the blood (837 mg/dl vs. 379.3 mg/dl), length of down (242, 13 ?m vs. 382.8 ?m) and depth of crypts (51,9 ?m vs. 71.5 ?m) significant differences were found (p<0.05). Salmonella was not isolated in any of the treatments and a smaller count of fecal coliforms was determined in the treatments with artichoke. Treatment 5 had the lowest cost in partial production. In sum, the inclusion of artichoke in the feeding of laying quails improves both the productive results and the intestinal physiological functions of animals

A Spatial-Epistemic Logic for Reasoning about Security Protocols

Reasoning about security properties involves reasoning about where the information of a system is located, and how it evolves over time. While most security analysis techniques need to cope with some notions of information locality and knowledge propagation, usually they do not provide a general language for expressing arbitrary properties involving local knowledge and knowledge transfer. Building on this observation, we introduce a framework for security protocol analysis based on dynamic spatial logic specifications. Our computational model is a variant of existing pi-calculi, while specifications are expressed in a dynamic spatial logic extended with an epistemic operator. We present the syntax and semantics of the model and logic, and discuss the expressiveness of the approach, showing it complete for passive attackers. We also prove that generic Dolev-Yao attackers may be mechanically determined for any deterministic finite protocol, and discuss how this result may be used to reason about security properties of open systems. We also present a model-checking algorithm for our logic, which has been implemented as an extension to the SLMC system.Comment: In Proceedings SecCo 2010, arXiv:1102.516

Gauge-invariant tree-level photoproduction amplitudes with form factors

We show how the gauge-invariance formulation given by Haberzettl is implemented in practice for photoproduction amplitudes at the tree level with form factors describing composite nucleons. We demonstrate that, in contrast to Ohta's gauge-invariance prescription, this formalism allows electric current contributions to be multiplied by a form factor, i.e., it does not require that they be treated like bare currents. While different in detail, this nevertheless lends support to previous ad hoc approaches which multiply the Born amplitudes by an overall form factor. Numerical results for kaon photoproduction off the nucleon are given. They show that the gauge procedure by Haberzettl leads to much improved $\chi^2$ values as compared to Ohta's prescription.Comment: 5 pages, RevTeX, two eps figure

Exploring preferences for domain-specific goal management in patients with polyarthritis: what to do when an important goal becomes threatened?

Usually priorities in goal management—intended to minimize discrepancies between a given and desired situation—are studied as person characteristics, neglecting possible domain-specific aspects. However, people may make different decisions in different situations depending on the importance of the personal issues at stake. Aim of the present study therefore was to develop arthritis-related vignettes to examine domain-specific goal management and to explore patients’ preferences. Based on interviews and literature, situation-specific hypothetical stories were developed in which the main character encounters a problem with a valued goal due to arthritis. Thirty-one patients (61 % female, mean age 60 years) evaluated the face validity of the newly developed vignettes. Secondly, 262 patients (60 % female, mean age 63 years) were asked to come up with possible solutions for the problems with attaining a goal described in a subset of the vignettes. Goal management strategies within the responses and the preference for the various strategies were identified. The 11 developed vignettes in three domains were found to be face-valid. In 90 % of the responses, goal management strategies were identified (31 % goal maintenance, 29 % goal adjustment, 21 % goal disengagement, and 10 % goal re-engagement). Strategy preference was related to domains. Solutions containing goal disengagement were the least preferred. Using vignettes for measuring domain-specific goal management appears as valuable addition to the existing questionnaires. The vignettes can be used to study how patients with arthritis cope with threatened goals in specific domains from a patient’s perspective. Domain-specific strategy preference emphasizes the importance of a situation-specific instrument

Possibilities for Misinterpretation in ASV-Speciation Studies of Natural Waters

Die Probleme, die bei Speciesuntersuchungen von Spurenelementen mit Hilfe der Differentialpuls Anodic Stripping Voltammetrie auftreten, werden zu-sammenfassend dargestellt. Neben den bei der eigentlichen Bestimmung auftretenden Problemen, werden auch solche erwähnt, die mit der Probennahme sowie der Lagerung und Vorbehandlung der Proben in Zusammenhang stehen

Form factors and photoproduction amplitudes

We examine the use of phenomenological form factors in tree level amplitudes for meson photoproduction. Two common recipes are shown to be fundamentally incorrect. An alternate form consistent with gauge invariance and crossing symmetry is proposed.Comment: To be published in PR

Quantum dynamics of a model for two Josephson-coupled Bose--Einstein condensates

In this work we investigate the quantum dynamics of a model for two single-mode Bose--Einstein condensates which are coupled via Josephson tunneling. Using direct numerical diagonalisation of the Hamiltonian, we compute the time evolution of the expectation value for the relative particle number across a wide range of couplings. Our analysis shows that the system exhibits rich and complex behaviours varying between harmonic and non-harmonic oscillations, particularly around the threshold coupling between the delocalised and self-trapping phases. We show that these behaviours are dependent on both the initial state of the system as well as regime of the coupling. In addition, a study of the dynamics for the variance of the relative particle number expectation and the entanglement for different initial states is presented in detail.Comment: 15 pages, 8 eps figures, accepted in J. Phys.

Measurement of the γ⃗p→K+Λ\vec{\gamma} p \to K^+ \Lambda Reaction at Backward Angles

Cross sections for the $\gamma p \to K^+ \Lambda$ have been measured at backward angles using linearly polarized photons in the range 1.50 to 2.37 GeV. In addition, the beam asymmetry for this reaction has been measured for the first time at backward angles. The $\Lambda$ was detected at forward angles in the LEPS spectrometer via its decay to $p\pi^-$ and the K^+ was inferred using the technique of missing mass. These measurements, corresponding to kaons at far backward angles in the center-of-mass frame, complement similar CLAS data at other angles. Comparison with theoretical models shows that the reactions in these kinematics provide further opportunities to investigate the reaction mechanisms of hadron dynamics.Comment: 6 figures, submitted to PRC rapid communication

Stratigraphic context and paleoenvironmental significance of minor taxa (Pisces, Reptilia, Aves, Rodentia) from the late Early Pleistocene palaeoanthropological site of Buia (Eritrea)

none13noneL. Rook; M. Ghinassi; G. Carnevale; M. Delfino; M. Pavia; L. Bondioli ; F. Candilio; A. Coppa; B. Martínez-Navarro; T. Medin; M. Papini; C. Zanolli; Y. LibsekalL., Rook; Ghinassi, Massimiliano; G., Carnevale; M., Delfino; M., Pavia; L., Bondioli; F., Candilio; A., Coppa; B., Martínez Navarro; T., Medin; M., Papini; C., Zanolli; Y., Libseka