86 research outputs found

    Patrón de extinción de los foraminíferos planctónicos en el límite Cretácico/Paleógeno en Loya (sur de Francia)

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    Esta memoria se centra en la identificación y análisis semicuantitativo de especies de foraminíferos planctónicos encontrados en la Bahía de Loya (suroeste de Francia), a través del tránsito Cretácico/Paleógeno (K/Pg), con el objetivo de conocer el patrón de extinción de las especies del Cretácico y el paleoambiente de la región cuando las especies vivieron. El Cretácico Superior presenta una gran variedad de foraminíferos planctónicos de gran tamaño (desde 0.3 a más de 1 mm de diámetro), indicando un paleoambiente subtropical hasta el tránsito K/Pg. A esta situación le sigue una desaparición prácticamente completa de estas especies al comienzo del Paleógeno, con muy pocos supervivientes y nuevas especies con cantidad y variedad limitadas, además de un tamaño más pequeño (por lo general 0.1 mm). Teniendo en cuenta los fósiles encontrados, el paleoambiente habría pasado a ser templado. El hecho de que es todavía posible encontrar una gran cantidad de los foraminíferos planctónicos del Cretácico Superior justo antes del límite, junto a la comparación de los resultados de esta memoria con otros varios artículos sobre este tema, llevan a la conclusión de que el patrón de extinción fue repentino y catastrófico, probablemente debido al cambio abrupto en las condiciones del agua causado por el meteorito que golpeó la Tierra hace 66 millones de años

    Reconstrucción paleoambiental del evento de extinción de los foraminíferos planctónicos del límite Eoceno/Oligoceno en el corte de Fuente Caldera (cordilleras Béticas, provincia de Granada, España)

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    El presente estudio se centra en el límite Eoceno-Oligoceno, marcado por un evento de extinción asociado a un enfriamiento global que sucedió hace aproximadamente 33.7 millones de años, el cual fue datado en las capas volcanosedimentarias de el GSSP en Massignano. Se realiza un estudio cuantitativo y de alta resolución de los foraminíferos planctónicos preservados en los sedimentos hemipelágicos muestreados en las Cordilleras Béticas (provincia de Granada) correspondientes a las edades Priaboniense (Eoceno Superior) y Rupeliense (Oligoceno Inferior). Tomando como base el estudio cuantitativo, la abundancia de especies y la estructura comunitaria, se establece su variabilidad en el tiempo y se infieren el patrón y las causas de la extinción de los foraminíferos planctónicos y las condiciones paleoclimáticas. Estas inferencias se realizan correlacionando los índices ecológicos, paleoclimáticos y el análisis de isótopos en roca total. Se han identificado tres biozonas (Zonas de Turborotalia cocoaensis, Cribrohantkenina lazzarii, y Paragloborotalia increbescens), y se ha constatado que la extinción es un fenómeno gradual rápido que coincide con el enfriamiento del inicio del Oligoceno

    Connecting the lab and the field: Genome analysis of phyllobacterium and rhizobium strains and field performance on two vegetable crops

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    [EN]The legume nodules are a rich source not only of rhizobia but also of endophytic bacteria exhibiting plant growth-promoting mechanisms with potential as plant biostimulants. In this work we analyzed the genomes of Phyllobacterium endophyticum PEPV15 and Rhizobium laguerreae PEPV16 strains, both isolated from Phaseolus vulgaris nodules. In silico analysis showed that the genomes of these two strains contain genes related to N-acyl-homoserine lactone (AHL) and cellulose biosynthesis, involved in quorum sensing and biofilm formation, which are essential for plant colonization. Several genes involved in plant growth promotion such as those related to phosphate solubilization, indole acetic acid production, siderophore biosynthesis and nitrogen fixation were also located in both genomes. When strains PEPV15 and PEPV16 were inoculated in lettuce and carrot in field assays, we found that both significantly increased the yield of lettuce shoots and carrot roots by more than 20% and 10%, respectively. The results of this work confirmed that the genome mining of genes involved in plant colonization and growth promotion is a good strategy for predicting the potential of bacterial strains as crops inoculants, opening new horizons for the selection of bacterial strains with which to design new, effective bacteria-based plant biostimulants

    MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry Is a Fast and Reliable Platform for Identification and Ecological Studies of Species from Family Rhizobiaceae

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    Family Rhizobiaceae includes fast growing bacteria currently arranged into three genera, Rhizobium, Ensifer and Shinella, that contain pathogenic, symbiotic and saprophytic species. The identification of these species is not possible on the basis of physiological or biochemical traits and should be based on sequencing of several genes. Therefore alternative methods are necessary for rapid and reliable identification of members from family Rhizobiaceae. In this work we evaluated the suitability of Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization-Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) for this purpose. Firstly, we evaluated the capability of this methodology to differentiate among species of family Rhizobiaceae including those closely related and then we extended the database of MALDI Biotyper 2.0 including the type strains of 56 species from genera Rhizobium, Ensifer and Shinella. Secondly, we evaluated the identification potential of this methodology by using several strains isolated from different sources previously identified on the basis of their rrs, recA and atpD gene sequences. The 100% of these strains were correctly identified showing that MALDI-TOF MS is an excellent tool for identification of fast growing rhizobia applicable to large populations of isolates in ecological and taxonomic studies

    Plants Probiotics as a Tool to Produce Highly Functional Fruits: The Case of Phyllobacterium and Vitamin C in Strawberries

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    10 páginas, 1 tabla, 1 figuraThe increasing interest in the preservation of the environment and the health of consumers is changing production methods and food consumption habits. Functional foods are increasingly demanded by consumers because they contain bioactive compounds involved in health protection. In this sense biofertilization using plant probiotics is a reliable alternative to the use of chemical fertilizers, but there are few studies about the effects of plant probiotics on the yield of functional fruits and, especially, on the content of bioactive compounds. In the present work we reported that a strain of genus Phyllobacterium able to produce biofilms and to colonize strawberry roots is able to increase the yield and quality of strawberry plants. In addition, the fruits from plants inoculated with this strain have significantly higher content in vitamin C, one of the most interesting bioactive compounds in strawberries. Therefore the use of selected plant probiotics benefits the environment and human health without agronomical losses, allowing the production of highly functional foods.This work was granted by “Junta de Castilla y León” (Regional Government, Grant SA183A11-2) and MINECO (Central Government, Grant AGL2011-29227). Paula García-Fraile is recipient of a postdoctoral researcher contract from Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic. José David Flores-Félix was supported by a fellowship of Salamanca University. Marta Marcos García was supported by a fellowship of Fundación Miguel Casado San José. Luís R. Silva is grateful to the financial support from the European Union (FEDER funds through COMPETE) and National Funds (FCT, Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia) through project Pest-C/EQB/LA0006/2013 and from the European Union (FEDER funds) under the framework of QREN through Project NORTE-07-0124-FEDER- 000069.Peer reviewe
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