Inorganic arsenic causes apoptosis cell death and immunotoxicity on European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax)

Inorganic arsenic (As) is one of the most toxic pollutants in the water. We have studied their effects on the marine teleost European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) at 2 and 10 days of 5 μMofAs2O3 (sub-lethal doses) waterborne exposure. Arsenic accumulates in liver and gill tissues. The expression profile of five genes (bax, blc2, casp3, casp8 and casp9) involved in apoptosis cell death confirmed apoptotic effects in liver, slight changes in gill and no effects in skin according with the histopathology findings. Total IgM level and peroxidase activities were increased at 2 and 10 days, respectively. The bactericidal activity was decreased at 2 days after As exposure. A general decrease of cellular immune activities with significant differences in the case of respiratory burst activity was observed after 2 and 10 days of exposure. This work describes for the first time the effects of As exposure on European sea bass.Versión del editor2,35

Educación y actividad intraempresarial en egresados universitarios colombianos

This article analyzes entrepreneurship education from the perspective of curricular courses, extracurricular activities, and postgraduate or continuing education in universities; and seeks to contribute to the theoretical evidence of the positive relationship between intrapreneurial activity and education in Colombian universities. For this purpose, a descriptive, correlational and non-experimental study has used contingency tables and a binomial logistic regression model with 3,152 graduates of various undergraduate degree programs from 120 universities. The findings suggest that taking entrepreneurship courses, participating in extracurricular activities, and having additional training after undergraduate degree studies increases the probability of being an intrapreneur. However, the probability is not significant if the graduate participated simultaneously in curricular and extracurricular activities. Post-undergraduate training is the one with the highest odd ratio in the model.El artículo analiza la educación emprendedora en los cursos curriculares, las actividades extracurriculares y la formación de posgrado o continua en universidades, y busca aportar evidencia de la relación positiva entre actividad intraempresarial y educación en egresados de universidades colombianas. Para ello, se llevó a cabo un estudio descriptivo, correlacional y no experimental, a través de tablas de contingencia y un modelo de regresión logística binomial, con 3.152 egresados de diversos programas de pregrado de 120 universidades. Los hallazgos sugieren que el hecho de haber cursado asignaturas curriculares de emprendimiento, participar en actividades extracurriculares y tener formación adicional después del pregrado aumenta la probabilidad de que un egresado sea intraempresario. No obstante, la probabilidad no es significativa si el egresado participó, de manera simultánea, tanto en actividades curriculares como en extracurriculares. La formación posterior al pregrado es la que presenta un odd ratio mayor en el modelo

Circulating citric acid cycle metabolites and risk of cardiovascular disease in the PREDIMED study

Background and aim Plasma citric acid cycle (CAC) metabolites might be likely related to cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, studies assessing the longitudinal associations between circulating CAC-related metabolites and CVD risk are lacking. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of baseline and 1-year levels of plasma CAC-related metabolites with CVD incidence (a composite of myocardial infarction, stroke or cardiovascular death), and their interaction with Mediterranean diet interventions. Methods and results Case-cohort study from the PREDIMED trial involving participants aged 55–80 years at high cardiovascular risk, allocated to MedDiets or control diet. A subcohort of 791 participants was selected at baseline, and a total of 231 cases were identified after a median follow-up of 4.8 years. Nine plasma CAC-related metabolites (pyruvate, lactate, citrate, aconitate, isocitrate, 2-hydroxyglutarate, fumarate, malate and succinate) were measured using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Weighted Cox multiple regression was used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs). Baseline fasting plasma levels of 3 metabolites were associated with higher CVD risk, with HRs (for each standard deviation, 1-SD) of 1.46 (95%CI:1.20–1.78) for 2-hydroxyglutarate, 1.33 (95%CI:1.12–1.58) for fumarate and 1.47 (95%CI:1.21–1.78) for malate (p of linear trend <0.001 for all). A higher risk of CVD was also found for a 1-SD increment of a combined score of these 3 metabolites (HR = 1.60; 95%CI: 1.32–1.94, p trend <0.001). This result was replicated using plasma measurements after one-year. No interactions were detected with the nutritional intervention. Conclusion Plasma 2-hydroxyglutarate, fumarate and malate levels were prospectively associated with increased cardiovascular risk

Resultados del estudio geológico a escala 1/25.000 del término municipal de Madrid.

Se exponen de forma abreviada los rasgos en cuanto a metodología y conclusiones del estudio geológico a escala 1/25000 realizado en el Municipio de Madrid en los años 1982/83. Las diferentes unidades expresadas en la cartografiase describen en función de las pautas mayores observables en los materiales que forman cada una de ellas, analizándose sus relaciones estratigráficas. El Proyecto «Estudio Geológico a escala 1/25000 del Término Municipal de Madrid ha sido llevado a cabo a lo largo de los años 1982-83 como resultado de la colaboración científica entre diversos organismos de la Administración (Facultad de CC. Geológicas-Universidad Complutense, Instituto Geológico y Minero. Ayuntamiento de Madrid, Instituto de Geología de Madrid-CSIC, y otros). Constituye una de las áreas de actuación definidas dentro del Convenio de Colaboración Técnica y Cultural para el conocimiento de las Características del Suelo y Subsuelo de Madrid», propiciado y patrocinado por el Excmo. Ayuntamiento. La financiación del proyecto especifico de Geología ha sido realizada íntegramente por el IGME, organismo encargado además de su supervisión. El desarrollo del Proyecto tiene un marcado carácter interdisciplinar, fruto del trasvase de información entre los distintos grupos que abarca el Convenio general (aparte de los ya referidos, el SGOP, COPLACO, Laboratorio «José Luis Escario» siendo precisamente uno de los objetivos del trabajo el servir de apoyo a las restantes áreas de investigación. Los estudios geológicos realizados se plasman en un total de siete mapas a escala 1/25000 elaborados según la normativa Magna de cartografía geológica mapas que toman como referencia, aunque en algunos casos no las completan y en otros adosan porciones de hojas adyacentes, las hojas 1/25000 de Madrid, Alcorcón, El Pardo, San Femando de Henares, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Alcobendas y Castillo de Viñuelas

Relationship between olive oil consumption and ankle-brachial pressure index in a population at high cardiovascular risk

The aim of this study was to ascertain the association between the consumption of different categories of edible olive oils (virgin olive oils and olive oil) and olive pomace oil and ankle-brachial pressure index (ABI) in participants in the PREDIMED-Plus study, a trial of lifestyle modification for weight and cardiovascular event reduction in individuals with overweight/obesity harboring the metabolic syndrome. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional analysis of the PREDIMED-Plus trial. Consumption of any category of olive oil and olive pomace oil was assessed through a validated food-frequency questionnaire. Multivariable linear regression models were fitted to assess associations between olive oil consumption and ABI. Additionally, ABI ≤1 was considered as the outcome in logistic models with different categories of olive oil and olive pomace oil as exposure. Results: Among 4330 participants, the highest quintile of total olive oil consumption (sum of all categories of olive oil and olive pomace oil) was associated with higher mean values of ABI (beta coefficient: 0.014, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.002, 0.027) (p for trend = 0.010). Logistic models comparing the consumption of different categories of olive oils, olive pomace oil and ABI ≤1 values revealed an inverse association between virgin olive oils consumption and the likelihood of a low ABI (odds ratio [OR] 0.73, 95% CI [0.56, 0.97]), while consumption of olive pomace oil was positively associated with a low ABI (OR 1.22 95% CI [1.00, 1.48]). Conclusions: In a Mediterranean population at high cardiovascular risk, total olive oil consumption was associated with a higher mean ABI. These results suggest that olive oil consumption may be beneficial for peripheral artery disease prevention, but longitudinal studies are needed

Educación y actividad intraempresarial en egresados universitarios colombianos

This article analyzes entrepreneurship education from the perspective of curricular courses, extracurricular activities, and postgraduate or continuing education in universities; and seeks to contribute to the theoretical evidence of the positive relationship between intrapreneurial activity and education in Colombian universities. For this purpose, a descriptive, correlational and non-experimental study has used contingency tables and a binomial logistic regression model with 3,152 graduates of various undergraduate degree programs from 120 universities. The findings suggest that taking entrepreneurship courses, participating in extracurricular activities, and having additional training after undergraduate degree studies increases the probability of being an intrapreneur. However, the probability is not significant if the graduate participated simultaneously in curricular and extracurricular activities. Post-undergraduate training is the one with the highest odd ratio in the model.El artículo analiza la educación emprendedora en los cursos curriculares, las actividades extracurriculares y la formación de posgrado o continua en universidades, y busca aportar evidencia de la relación positiva entre actividad intraempresarial y educación en egresados de universidades colombianas. Para ello, se llevó a cabo un estudio descriptivo, correlacional y no experimental, a través de tablas de contingencia y un modelo de regresión logística binomial, con 3.152 egresados de diversos programas de pregrado de 120 universidades. Los hallazgos sugieren que el hecho de haber cursado asignaturas curriculares de emprendimiento, participar en actividades extracurriculares y tener formación adicional después del pregrado aumenta la probabilidad de que un egresado sea intraempresario. No obstante, la probabilidad no es significativa si el egresado participó, de manera simultánea, tanto en actividades curriculares como en extracurriculares. La formación posterior al pregrado es la que presenta un odd ratio mayor en el modelo

The role of genetic variability in the SLC6A4, BDNF and GABRA6 genes in anxiety related traits

The aims of this study were to test the individual association of the 5-HTT, BDNF, and GABRA6 genes with anxiety-related traits and to explore putative GxG interactions in a healthy sample. Method: A sample of 937 individuals from the general population completed the TCI questionnaire; a subsample of 553 individuals also filled in a brief version of the NEO inventory. The whole sample was genotyped for the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism (5- HTT gene), the Val66Met polymorphism (BDNF gene) and the T1521C polymorphism (GABRA6 gene). Results: Individuals carrying the TTgenotype of the T1512C polymorphism presented slightly higher scores for Harm Avoidance ( HA ) than C allele carriers (F=2.96, p=0.051). In addition, there was a significant GxG interaction on HA between the 5-HTTLPR and Val66Met polymorphisms (F=3.4, p=0.009). Conclusion: GABRA6 emerges as a putative gene may be involved in the variability of HA. The effect of a significant GxG interaction between the 5-HTT and BDNF genes on HA could explain part of the genetic basis underlying anxiety-related traits