8,445 research outputs found
Finite element approximation for the fractional eigenvalue problem
The purpose of this work is to study a finite element method for finding
solutions to the eigenvalue problem for the fractional Laplacian. We prove that
the discrete eigenvalue problem converges to the continuous one and we show the
order of such convergence. Finally, we perform some numerical experiments and
compare our results with previous work by other authors.Comment: 20 pages, 6 figure
Inferring broken detailed balance in the absence of observable currents
Identifying dissipation is essential for understanding the physical
mechanisms underlying nonequilibrium processes. {In living systems, for
example, the dissipation is directly related to the hydrolysis of fuel
molecules such as adenosine triphosphate (ATP)}. Nevertheless, detecting broken
time-reversal symmetry, which is the hallmark of dissipative processes, remains
a challenge in the absence of observable directed motion, flows, or fluxes.
Furthermore, quantifying the entropy production in a complex system requires
detailed information about its dynamics and internal degrees of freedom. Here
we introduce a novel approach to detect time irreversibility and estimate the
entropy production from time-series measurements, even in the absence of
observable currents. We apply our technique to two different physical systems,
namely, a partially hidden network and a molecular motor. Our method does not
require complete information about the system dynamics and thus provides a new
tool for studying nonequilibrium phenomena.Comment: 14 pages, 6 figure
Physical qubits from charged particles: IR divergences in quantum information
We consider soft photons effects (IR structure of QED) on the construction of
physical qubits. Soft-photons appear when we build charged qubits from the
asymptotic states of QED. This construction is necessary in order to include
the effect of soft photons on entanglement measures. The nonexistence of free
charged particles (due to the long range of QED interactions) lead us to
question the sense of the very concept of free charged qubit. In this letter,
using the "dressing" formalism, we build physical charged qubits from dressed
fields which have the correct asymptotic behavior, are gauge invariant, their
propagators have a particle pole structure and are free from infrared
divergences. Finally, we discuss the impact of the soft corrections on the
entanglement measures.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures, RevTeX. Version 2: Some references update
A semantic-based probabilistic approach for real-time video event recognition
This is the author’s version of a work that was accepted for publication in Journal
Computer Vision and Image Understanding. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Journal
Computer Vision and Image Understanding, 116, 9 (2012) DOI: 10.1016/j.cviu.2012.04.005This paper presents an approach for real-time video event recognition that combines the accuracy and descriptive capabilities of, respectively, probabilistic and semantic approaches. Based on a state-of-art knowledge representation, we define a methodology for building recognition strategies from event descriptions that consider the uncertainty of the low-level analysis. Then, we efficiently organize such strategies for performing the recognition according to the temporal characteristics of events. In particular, we use Bayesian Networks and probabilistically-extended Petri Nets for recognizing, respectively, simple and complex events. For demonstrating the proposed approach, a framework has been implemented for recognizing human-object interactions in the video monitoring domain. The experimental results show that our approach improves the event recognition performance as compared to the widely used deterministic approach.This work has been partially supported by the Spanish Administration agency CDTI (CENIT-VISION 2007-
1007), by the Spanish Government (TEC2011-25995 EventVideo), by the ConsejerÃa de Educación of the Comunidad
de Madrid and by The European Social Fund
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