Observation protocol as a professional development tool for in-service teachers

This work has been funded by Cabildo de Tenerife (Spain)

El mundo de la televisión.

Sin resume

Optical and magneto-optical properties of Au:Conanoparticles and Co:Aunanoparticles doped magnetoplasmonic systems

© 2015 AIP Publishing LLC. We report a study of Au:CoNPs and Co:AuNPs doped magnetoplasmonic systems. In particular, we analyze the effect of adding different concentrations of Co (or Au) nanoparticles (NPs) in a Au (or Co) matrix on both the optical and magneto-optical constants. Through the use of a simple effective medium model, relevant changes in the optical properties of the Au NPs compared to those of bulk material have been identified. Such effects are not observed in the Co NPs system. However, in both systems, there is an increase of the effective diameter of the NPs as compared to the real diameter that can be due to interface effects surrounding the NPs. Moreover, the magneto-optical constants values of both systems are smaller (in absolute values) than expected, which could also be attributed to interface effects such as hybridization between Au and Co.This work was supported by the Spanish MINECO under Project Nos. MAT2011-29194-C02 (MAPS), CSD2007-00041 (NANOSELECT), and CSD2008-00023 (FUNCOAT). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4906946Peer Reviewe

Vitamin D3 Receptor (VDR) Gene rs2228570 (Fok1) and rs731236 (Taq1) Variants Are Not Associated with the Risk for Multiple Sclerosis: Results of a New Study and a Meta-Analysis

Background: Some epidemiological, genetic, and experimental data suggest a possible role of vitamin D in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) and in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Data on the possible contribution of several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene to the risk for MS are controversial. Several studies suggested an interaction between some SNPs in the VDR gene and HLADRB1*1501 in the risk for MS. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate a possible influence of the SNPs rs2228570 and rs731236 in the VDR gene in the risk for MS. A secondary objective was to address the possible interactions between VDR genes and HLADRB1*1501. Methods: We analyzed the allelic and genotype frequency of VDR rs2228570, rs731236, and HLADRB1*1501 (rs3135388) in 303 patients with MS and 310 healthy controls, using TaqMan Assays. We also conducted a meta-analysis, that was carried out by using the software Meta-Disc 1.1.1 (http://www.hrc.es/investigacion/metadisc.html; Unit of Clinical Statistics, Hospital Ramon y Cajal, Madrid, Spain). Heterogeneity between studies in terms of degree of association was tested using the Q-statistic. Results: VDR rs2228570 and rs731236 allelic and genotype frequencies did not differ significantly between MS patients and controls, and were unrelated with the age of onset of MS, gender, and course of MS. HLADRB1*1501 showed a high association with the risk of developing MS 4.76(95% C. I. = 3.14-7.27; p<0.0001). The meta-analysis, after excluding data of one study that was responsible of heterogeneity for rs731236 polymorphism, showed lack of relation of both SNPs with the risk for MS. HLADRB1*1501 showed lack of interaction with VDR rs2228570 and rs731236 in increasing MS risk. Conclusions: These results suggest that VDR rs2228570 and rs731236 polymorphisms are not related with the risk for MS, and did not confirm interaction between these VDR SNPs and HLADRB1 in the risk for MS.This work was supported in part by Grants FIS PS09/00943, PS09/00469, and RETICS RD07/0064/0016 from Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain, and GR10068 from Junta de Extremadura, Spain.Peer Reviewe

Definición y caracterización del fenómeno “Diagnóstico Lastre Generado por Medicamentos”

Proponemos el presente estudio para la identificación del fenómeno "Diagnóstico Lastre Generado por Medicamentos" (DLGM), que es la traducción farmacéutica de la interpretación médica de un problema de salud generado por medicamentos y atribuido a causas clínicas con la consiguiente pérdida de identidad que limita su identificación y manejo. No habrá mejoría de la enfermedad si no se corrige la causa del problema, por lo que cabe esperar un empeoramiento y persistencia de la enfermedad marcados por el fracaso farmacoterapéutico, convirtiendo el problema de salud en un verdadero lastre para los pacientes a la espera de ser identificado. La propuesta de un algoritmo de caracterización del problema como herramienta de cribado se ha aplicado a 10 pacientes en el servicio de seguimiento farmacoterapéutico, confirmando la sospecha de DLGM, y demostrando que las reacciones adversas a medicamentos habían adquirido la identidad de una enfermedad. Un DLGM podría definirse como la entidad que surge al diagnosticar una enfermedad sobre un resultado negativo asociado al uso del medicamento y que, por tanto, no recibe el tratamiento adecuado. La identificación del fenómeno DLGM permite detectar muchos resultados negativos asociados a la medicación (RNM) y contribuye a su adecuado tratamiento. No identificar un DLGM complica el estado clínico del paciente y limita su recuperació

Definición y caracterización del fenómeno “Diagnóstico Lastre Generado por Medicamentos”

Proponemos el presente estudio para la identificación del fenómeno "Diagnóstico Lastre Generado por Medicamentos" (DLGM), que es la traducción farmacéutica de la interpretación médica de un problema de salud generado por medicamentos y atribuido a causas clínicas con la consiguiente pérdida de identidad que limita su identificación y manejo. No habrá mejoría de la enfermedad si no se corrige la causa del problema, por lo que cabe esperar un empeoramiento y persistencia de la enfermedad marcados por el fracaso farmacoterapéutico, convirtiendo el problema de salud en un verdadero lastre para los pacientes a la espera de ser identificado. La propuesta de un algoritmo de caracterización del problema como herramienta de cribado se ha aplicado a 10 pacientes en el servicio de seguimiento farmacoterapéutico, confirmando la sospecha de DLGM, y demostrando que las reacciones adversas a medicamentos habían adquirido la identidad de una enfermedad. Un DLGM podría definirse como la entidad que surge al diagnosticar una enfermedad sobre un resultado negativo asociado al uso del medicamento y que, por tanto, no recibe el tratamiento adecuado. La identificación del fenómeno DLGM permite detectar muchos resultados negativos asociados a la medicación (RNM) y contribuye a su adecuado tratamiento. No identificar un DLGM complica el estado clínico del paciente y limita su recuperació

Papel del Servicio de Seguimiento Farmacoterapéutico en la notificación de reacciones adversas y actualización de datos de seguridad basados en la evidencia. Desarrollo de caso clínico

En este artículo de caso clínico, presentamos como el Farmacéutico Comunitario podría integrar durante la práctica farmacéutica asistencial los Servicios de Atención Farmacéutica orientados a evaluar y mejorar los resultados de medicamentos en salud. El Servicio Seguimiento Farmacoterapéutico que tiene como objetivo la detección de Problemas Relacionados con los Medicamentos, para la prevención y resolución de Resultados Negativos asociados a la Medicación, permite generar datos relacionados con la Farmacovigilancia; de seguridad y efectividad de los medicamentos a través de la notificación de sospechas de reacciones adversas. Presentamos el caso de un paciente con una erupción cutánea persistente, en el que se despliega un enfoque colaborativo entre el farmacéutico, el médico y el propio paciente para abordar una posible causa subyacente e intervenir ejecutando cambios terapéuticos adecuados

Theoretical analysis of magnetoplasmonic interferometers for sensing

Comunicación presentada en la Conferencia Española de Nanofotónica (CEN2012), celebrada en Carmona (Sevilla) del 1 al 4 de octubre de 2012.Peer Reviewe

Plasmonic and magnetoplasmonic interferometry for sensing

[Introduction and background] Nowadays, we are surrounded by sensors in our daily lives, in industrial processes, medical diagnosis systems, environmental monitoring, etc. The development of sensors with higher sensitivity and smaller dimensions to be integrated in miniaturized systems is then of highest importance for our society. Within all different kinds of sensors, optical sensors are advantageous because they are highly versatile, non-invasive and they can be used in aggressive conditions. In particular, sensors based on surface plasmons, known as surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensors, have become increasingly popular in biosensing in recent decades due to their high sensitivity and ease of use. Different SPR configurations, such as modulation techniques, have been proposed and demonstrated in order to increase their sensitivity, and attempts to obtain miniaturized SPR sensors have been carried out, the development of plasmonic interferometry sensors being a promising path.[Main results] We have compared theoretically the performance of three implementations of plasmonic sensors: the standard SPR configuration, plasmonic interferometry and magnetically modulated plasmonic (magnetoplasmonic) interferometry. Our results show that the sensitivity of plasmonic interferometers surpasses that of standard SPR methods for long enough except the micrometer-sized interferometers. Moreover, when plasmonic interferometers are magnetically modulated, the direct measurement of the induced modulation in the surface plasmon wavevector allows one to further increase the system sensitivity.[Wider implications] These results show that the development of plasmonic interferometers for sensing, either plain or magnetically modulated, is an interesting route to obtain miniaturized surface plasmon based sensors with higher sensitivity. Moreover, the extended knowledge of immobilization protocols in gold already developed for standard SPR sensors will remain applicable.We acknowledge funding from the Spanish MINECO ('MAPS' MAT2011-29194-C02-01 and 'FUNCOAT' CONSOLIDER INGENIO 2010 CSD2008-00023) and the Comunidad de Madrid ('MICROSERES-CM' S2009/TIC-1476).Peer Reviewe

Mitophagy Failure in APP and Tau Overexpression Model of Alzheimer’s Disease.

Mitochondrial alterations and oxidative stress are common features of Alzheimer’s disease brain and peripheral tissues. Moreover, mitochondrial recycling process by autophagy has been found altered in the sporadic form of the disease. However, the contribution of the main proteins involved in this pathology such as amyloid- protein precursor (A PP) and tau needs to be achieved.With this aim, human unmodified fibroblasts were transduced with lentivectors encoding APP and Tau and treated with CCCP to study the mitophagy process. Both A PP and tau separately increased autophagy flux mainly by improving degradation phase. However, in the specific case of mitophagy, labeling of mitochondria by PINK1 and PARK2 to be degraded by autophagy seemed reduced, which correlates with the long-term accumulation of mitochondria. Nevertheless, the combination of tau and A PP was necessary to cause a mitophagy functional impairment reflected in the accumulation of depolarized mitochondria labeled by PINK1. The overexpression of Tau and APP recapitulates the mitophagy failure previously found in sporadic Alzheimer’s diseasepre-print3421 K