Rumination and emotional profile in children with specific learning disorders and their parents

Rumination, namely a cognitive process characterized by a repetitive thinking focused on negative feelings and thoughts, is a significant predictor for the onset of internalizing symptoms and has also been found to run in families. Rumination has never been studied in children with specific learning disorders (SLD), a population that, due to its condition, might encounter more difficulties in daily life and is at risk of increased psychological distress, compared to typically developing (TD) peers. The present study covers this gap by examining whether children with SLD, and their parents, tend to use rumination more than TD peers and their parents. The study also explores associations between rumination and both children’s and parents’ emotional profile. Results on 25 children with SLD and 25 TD peers and their parents (n = 150), showed higher levels of rumination in children with SLD when referring to a negative social situation, as well as higher levels of rumination in both mothers and fathers of children with SLD. Modest correlations between parents’ and children’s rumination traits were also found. This study offers evidence on rumination as a possible risk factor for children with SLD, particularly considering when they deal with social contexts

Odontologia em Pacientes Portadores de Dispositivos Cardíacos Eletrônicos Implantáveis (DCEI)

Em portadores de DCEI, as orientaçoes sobre complicaçoes associadas a procedimentos odontológicos em geral estao relacionadas ao tipo de anestésico utilizado e à adoçao de medidas profiláticas contra a endocardite infecciosa. Anestésicos locais que contém vasoconstritores em sua fórmula possuem como principal vantagem a absorçao lenta, o que reduz sua toxicidade e aumenta o efeito desejado. Além disso, vasoconstritores nao adrenérgicos, que nao provocam estimulaçao catecolaminérgica no sistema cardiovascular, nao geram a maioria das complicaçoes decorrentes da anestesia local em procedimentos odontológicos e que restringem seu uso em cardiopatas. Este artigo faz uma revisao do uso de anestésicos locais, com e sem vasoconstritores, em cardiopatas, bem como das recomendaçoes e estudos sobre a profilaxia contra a endocardite infecciosa em procedimentos dentários

Odontologia em Pacientes Portadores de Dispositivos Cardíacos Eletrônicos Implantáveis (DCEI)

Em portadores de DCEI, as orientaçoes sobre complicaçoes associadas a procedimentos odontológicos em geral estao relacionadas ao tipo de anestésico utilizado e à adoçao de medidas profiláticas contra a endocardite infecciosa. Anestésicos locais que contém vasoconstritores em sua fórmula possuem como principal vantagem a absorçao lenta, o que reduz sua toxicidade e aumenta o efeito desejado. Além disso, vasoconstritores nao adrenérgicos, que nao provocam estimulaçao catecolaminérgica no sistema cardiovascular, nao geram a maioria das complicaçoes decorrentes da anestesia local em procedimentos odontológicos e que restringem seu uso em cardiopatas. Este artigo faz uma revisao do uso de anestésicos locais, com e sem vasoconstritores, em cardiopatas, bem como das recomendaçoes e estudos sobre a profilaxia contra a endocardite infecciosa em procedimentos dentários

Reliability of telephone administration of the PedsQL™ Generic Quality of Life Inventory™ and Neuromuscular Module™ in spinal muscular atrophy (SMA)

a b s t r a c t Clinical research visits are challenging for people with SMA because of limited mobility and intercurrent illnesses. Missing data threaten the validity of research results. Obtaining outcomes remotely would represent a solution. To evaluate reliability of telephone administration of the PedsQL™ Pediatric Generic Core Quality of Life Inventory™ 4.0 (Generic) and Neuromuscular Module™ 3.0 (NM) in SMA, we recruited 21 participants of a Natural History Study for telephone administration of both modules no more than 7 days before or after an in-person study visit. We found excellent reliability between telephone and in-person administration of both modules with the NM slightly better than the Generic. Reliability of the child and parent forms was similar. We concluded that both modules can be administered reliably over the telephone to SMA patients and caregivers, expanding the utility of these tools in clinical trials. Notably, telephone administration is reliable in children as young as 8 years

Prevalence, predictors, and patient-reported outcomes of long COVID in hospitalized and non-hospitalized patients from the city of São Paulo, Brazil

BackgroundRobust data comparing long COVID in hospitalized and non-hospitalized patients in middle-income countries are limited.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted in Brazil, including hospitalized and non-hospitalized patients. Long COVID was diagnosed at 90-day follow-up using WHO criteria. Demographic and clinical information, including the depression screening scale (PHQ-2) at day 30, was compared between the groups. If the PHQ-2 score is 3 or greater, major depressive disorder is likely. Logistic regression analysis identified predictors and protective factors for long COVID.ResultsA total of 291 hospitalized and 1,118 non-hospitalized patients with COVID-19 were included. The prevalence of long COVID was 47.1% and 49.5%, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression showed female sex (odds ratio [OR] = 4.50, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.51–8.37), hypertension (OR = 2.90, 95% CI 1.52–5.69), PHQ-2 > 3 (OR = 6.50, 95% CI 1.68–33.4) and corticosteroid use during hospital stay (OR = 2.43, 95% CI 1.20–5.04) as predictors of long COVID in hospitalized patients, while female sex (OR = 2.52, 95% CI 1.95–3.27) and PHQ-2 > 3 (OR = 3.88, 95% CI 2.52–6.16) were predictors in non-hospitalized patients.ConclusionLong COVID was prevalent in both groups. Positive depression screening at day 30 post-infection can predict long COVID. Early screening of depression helps health staff to identify patients at a higher risk of long COVID, allowing an early diagnosis of the condition

Genome-wide association study of non-alcoholic fatty liver and steatohepatitis in a histologically-characterised cohort

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Validation of the Body Concealment Scale for Scleroderma (BCSS): Replication in the Scleroderma Patient-centered Intervention Network (SPIN) Cohort

© 2016 Elsevier Ltd Body concealment is an important component of appearance distress for individuals with disfiguring conditions, including scleroderma. The objective was to replicate the validation study of the Body Concealment Scale for Scleroderma (BCSS) among 897 scleroderma patients. The factor structure of the BCSS was evaluated using confirmatory factor analysis and the Multiple-Indicator Multiple-Cause model examined differential item functioning of SWAP items for sex and age. Internal consistency reliability was assessed via Cronbach's alpha. Construct validity was assessed by comparing the BCSS with a measure of body image distress and measures of mental health and pain intensity. Results replicated the original validation study, where a bifactor model provided the best fit. The BCSS demonstrated strong internal consistency reliability and construct validity. Findings further support the BCSS as a valid measure of body concealment in scleroderma and provide new evidence that scores can be compared and combined across sexes and ages