IMPLEMENTACIÓN DE MINERÍA DE DATOS EN LA GESTIÓN ACADÉMICA DE LAS INSTITUCIONES DE EDUCACIÓN SUPERIOR

The concern of educational administrators to improve academic efficiency and accomplish the social mission of promoting human talent, overcoming the limitations of the student and of the educational environment, requires the implementation of processes based on the use of technology and information. This particular study is a review on data mining techniques applicable to the analysis of the problems concerning the stakeholders. Discussion and analysis is about the role of data mining in education. Its usefulness is described to analyze the different aspects of educational activities and how its implementation could help each sector involved to improve the quality of the performance of educational institutions in an inclusive way. The limitations of educational data mining are discussed. A literature review of previous studies is done, for which we examined various magazines, publications, articles and others.  La preocupación de los administradores educativos por mejorar la eficiencia académica y cumplir con el encargo social de potenciar el talento humano superando las limitaciones propias del estudiante y del entorno educativo, exige la implementación de procesos basados en el uso de tecnología e información. Este trabajo en particular hace una revisión sobre las técnicas de minería de datos aplicables para el análisis de los problemas concernientes a los actores académicos y el centro educativo. Versa la discusión y análisis sobre el papel de la minería de datos en la educación. Se describe su utilidad para analizar las distintas aristas de las actividades educativas y cómo su implementación podría ayudar a cada sector involucrado para mejorar la calidad en el desempeño de las instituciones educativas de una manera inclusiva. Se revisan las limitaciones de la minería de datos educativa. Se realiza una exploración de la literatura previa, para lo cual se realizaron búsquedas en diferentes revistas, publicaciones, artículos y otros

Prognostic factors in left-sided endocarditis: results from the andalusian multicenter cohort

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Despite medical advances, mortality in infective endocarditis (IE) is still very high. Previous studies on prognosis in IE have observed conflicting results. The aim of this study was to identify predictors of in-hospital mortality in a large multicenter cohort of left-sided IE.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>An observational multicenter study was conducted from January 1984 to December 2006 in seven hospitals in Andalusia, Spain. Seven hundred and five left-side IE patients were included. The main outcome measure was in-hospital mortality. Several prognostic factors were analysed by univariate tests and then by multilogistic regression model.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The overall mortality was 29.5% (25.5% from 1984 to 1995 and 31.9% from 1996 to 2006; Odds Ratio 1.25; 95% Confidence Interval: 0.97-1.60; p = 0.07). In univariate analysis, age, comorbidity, especially chronic liver disease, prosthetic valve, virulent microorganism such as <it>Staphylococcus aureus</it>, <it>Streptococcus agalactiae </it>and fungi, and complications (septic shock, severe heart failure, renal insufficiency, neurologic manifestations and perivalvular extension) were related with higher mortality. Independent factors for mortality in multivariate analysis were: Charlson comorbidity score (OR: 1.2; 95% CI: 1.1-1.3), prosthetic endocarditis (OR: 1.9; CI: 1.2-3.1), <it>Staphylococcus aureus </it>aetiology (OR: 2.1; CI: 1.3-3.5), severe heart failure (OR: 5.4; CI: 3.3-8.8), neurologic manifestations (OR: 1.9; CI: 1.2-2.9), septic shock (OR: 4.2; CI: 2.3-7.7), perivalvular extension (OR: 2.4; CI: 1.3-4.5) and acute renal failure (OR: 1.69; CI: 1.0-2.6). Conversely, <it>Streptococcus viridans </it>group etiology (OR: 0.4; CI: 0.2-0.7) and surgical treatment (OR: 0.5; CI: 0.3-0.8) were protective factors.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Several characteristics of left-sided endocarditis enable selection of a patient group at higher risk of mortality. This group may benefit from more specialised attention in referral centers and should help to identify those patients who might benefit from more aggressive diagnostic and/or therapeutic procedures.</p

Risk factors for infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales: an international matched case-control-control study (EURECA)

Cases were patients with complicated urinary tract infection (cUTI), complicated intraabdominal (cIAI), pneumonia or bacteraemia from other sources (BSI-OS) due to CRE; control groups were patients with infection caused by carbapenem-susceptible Enterobacterales (CSE), and by non-infected patients, respectively. Matching criteria included type of infection for CSE group, ward and duration of hospital admission. Conditional logistic regression was used to identify risk factors. Findings Overall, 235 CRE case patients, 235 CSE controls and 705 non-infected controls were included. The CRE infections were cUTI (133, 56.7%), pneumonia (44, 18.7%), cIAI and BSI-OS (29, 12.3% each). Carbapenemase genes were found in 228 isolates: OXA-48/like, 112 (47.6%), KPC, 84 (35.7%), and metallo-beta-lactamases, 44 (18.7%); 13 produced two. The risk factors for CRE infection in both type of controls were (adjusted OR for CSE controls; 95% CI; p value) previous colonisation/infection by CRE (6.94; 2.74-15.53; <0.001), urinary catheter (1.78; 1.03-3.07; 0.038) and exposure to broad spectrum antibiotics, as categorical (2.20; 1.25-3.88; 0.006) and time-dependent (1.04 per day; 1.00-1.07; 0.014); chronic renal failure (2.81; 1.40-5.64; 0.004) and admission from home (0.44; 0.23-0.85; 0.014) were significant only for CSE controls. Subgroup analyses provided similar results. Interpretation The main risk factors for CRE infections in hospitals with high incidence included previous coloni-zation, urinary catheter and exposure to broad spectrum antibiotics

Implementación de minería de datos en la gestión académica de las instituciones de educación superior

The concern of educational administrators to improve academic efficiency and accomplish the social mission of promoting human talent, overcoming the limitations of the student and of the educational environment, requires the implementation of processes based on the use of technology and information. This particular study is a review on data mining techniques applicable to the analysis of the problems concerning the stakeholders. Discussion and analysis is about the role of data mining in education. Its usefulness is described to analyze the different aspects of educational activities and how its implementation could help each sector involved to improve the quality of the performance of educational institutions in an inclusive way. The limitations of educational data mining are discussed. A literature review of previous studies is done, for which we examined various magazines, publications, articles and others.La preocupación de los administradores educativos por mejorar la eficiencia académica y cumplir con el encargo social de potenciar el talento humano superando las limitaciones propias del estudiante y del entorno educativo, exige la implementación de procesos basados en el uso de tecnología e información. Este trabajo en particular hace una revisión sobre las técnicas de minería de datos aplicables para el análisis de los problemas concernientes a los actores académicos y el centro educativo. Versa la discusión y análisis sobre el papel de la minería de datos en la educación. Se describe su utilidad para analizar las distintas aristas de las actividades educativas y cómo su implementación podría ayudar a cada sector involucrado para mejorar la calidad en el desempeño de las instituciones educativas de una manera inclusiva. Se revisan las limitaciones de la minería de datos educativa. Se realiza una exploración de la literatura previa, para lo cual se realizaron búsquedas en diferentes revistas, publicaciones, artículos y otros