Saturation effects in forward-forward dijet production in p+Pb collisions

We study saturation effects in the production of forward dijets in proton-lead collisions at the Large Hadron Collider, using the framework of High Energy Factorization. Such configurations, with both jets produced in the forward direction, probe the gluon density of the lead nucleus at small longitudinal momentum fraction, and also limit the phase space for emissions of additional jets. We find significant suppression of the forward dijet azimuthal correlations in proton-lead versus proton-proton collisions, which we attribute to stronger saturation of the gluon density in the nucleus than in the proton. In order to minimize model dependence of our predictions, we use two different extensions of the Balitsky-Kovchegov equation for evolution of the gluon density with sub-leading corrections.Comment: 13 pages, 4 figures; v2: added figure 4, several clarifying sentences and a reference; version accepted by PR

Forward di-jet production in p+Pb collisions in the small-x improved TMD factorization framework

We study the production of forward di-jets in proton-lead and proton-proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider. Such configurations, with both jets produced in the forward direction, impose a dilute-dense asymmetry which allows to probe the gluon density of the lead or proton target at small longitudinal momentum fractions. Even though the jet momenta are always much bigger than the saturation scale of the target, $Q_s$, the transverse momentum imbalance of the di-jet system may be either also much larger than $Q_s$, or of the order $Q_s$, implying that the small-$x$ QCD dynamics involved is either linear or non-linear, respectively. The small-$x$ improved TMD factorization framework deals with both situation in the same formalism. In the latter case, which corresponds to nearly back-to-back jets, we find that saturation effects induce a significant suppression of the forward di-jet azimuthal correlations in proton-lead versus proton-proton collisions.Comment: 6 figure

Improved TMD factorization for forward dijet production in dilute-dense hadronic collisions

We study forward dijet production in dilute-dense hadronic collisions. By considering the appropriate limits, we show that both the transverse-momentum-dependent (TMD) and the high-energy factorization formulas can be derived from the Color Glass Condensate framework. Respectively, this happens when the transverse momentum imbalance of the dijet system, $k_t$, is of the order of either the saturation scale, or the hard jet momenta, the former being always much smaller than the latter. We propose a new formula for forward dijets that encompasses both situations and is therefore applicable regardless of the magnitude of $k_t$. That involves generalizing the TMD factorization formula for dijet production to the case where the incoming small-$x$ gluon is off-shell. The derivation is performed in two independent ways, using either Feynman diagram techniques, or color-ordered amplitudes.Comment: The improved version of the manuscript. 37 pages, 8 figures, several table

Stratigraphy of an Early-Middle Miocene sequence near Antwerp in northern Belgium (southern North Sea Basin)

The lithostratigraphy and biostratigraphy of a temporary outcrop in the Antwerp area is described. The deposits can be attributed to the Kiel Sands and the Antwerpen Sands members, both belonging to the Lower and Middle Miocene Berchem Formation. Invertebrate and vertebrate macrofossils are abundantly present. The molluscan fauna compares well to former findings in the Antwerpen Sands Member. It can be concluded that the studied sequence is continuously present in the Antwerp area, and thickens in a northward direction. The study of the marine mammal fauna shows that eurhinodelphinids are the most common fossil odontocete (toothed-bearing cetaceans) in the Antwerpen Sands Member, associated here with kentriodontine, physeteroid, squalodontid, mysticete (baleen whales) and pinniped (seals) fragmentary remains. Both the molluscan fauna and the organic-walled palynomorphs indicate for the Antwerpen Sands Member deposition in a neritic, energetic environment, which shallowed upwards. The dinoflagellate cysts indicate that the Antwerpen Sands Member was deposited during late Burdigalian to Langhian times

Exclusive vector meson production at HERA from QCD with saturation

Following recent predictions that the geometric scaling properties of deep inelastic scattering data in inclusive gamma*-p collisions are expected also in exclusive diffractive processes, we investigate the diffractive production of vector mesons. Using analytic results in the framework of the BK equation at non-zero momentum transfer, we extend to the non-forward amplitude a QCD-inspired forward saturation model including charm, following the theoretical predictions for the momentum transfer dependence of the saturation scale. We obtain a good fit to the available HERA data and make predictions for deeply virtual Compton scattering measurements.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures, full analysis including the charm contribution and J/PSI production. Conclusions confirme

The impact of sleeping with reduced glycogen stores on immunity and sleep in triathletes.

PURPOSE: We investigated the effects of a 3-week dietary periodization on immunity and sleep in triathletes. METHODS: 21 triathletes were divided into two groups with different nutritional guidelines during a 3-week endurance training program including nine twice a day sessions with lowered (SL group) or maintained (CON group) glycogen availability during the overnight recovery period. In addition to performance tests, sleep was monitored every night. Systemic and mucosal immune parameters as well as the incidence of URTI were monitored every week of the training/nutrition protocol. Two-ways ANOVA and effect sizes were used to examine differences in dependent variables between groups at each time point. RESULTS: The SL group significantly improved 10 km running performance (-1 min 13 s, P < 0.01, d = 0.38), whereas no improvement was recorded in the CON group (-2 s, NS). No significant changes in white blood cells counts, plasma cortisol and IL-6 were recorded over the protocol in both groups. The vitamin D status decreased in similar proportions between groups, whereas salivary IgA decreased in the SL group only (P < 0.05, d = 0.23). The incidence of URTI was not altered in both groups. All participants in both groups went to bed earlier during the training program (SL -20 min, CON -27 min, P < 0.05, d = 0.28). In the SL group, only sleep efficiency slightly decreased by 1.1 % (P < 0.05, d = 0.25) and the fragmentation index tended to increase at the end of the protocol (P = 0.06). CONCLUSION: Sleeping and training the next morning regularly with reduced glycogen availability has minimal effects on selected markers of immunity, the incidence of URTI and sleeping patterns in trained athletes

Next-to-leading BFKL phenomenology of forward-jet cross sections at HERA

We show that the forward-jet measurements performed at HERA allow for a detailed study of corrections due to next-to-leading logarithms (NLL) in the Balitsky-Fadin-Kuraev-Lipatov (BFKL) approach. While the description of the d\sigma/dx data shows small sensitivity to NLL-BFKL corrections, these can be tested by the triple differential cross section d\sigma/dxdk_T^2dQ^2 recently measured. These data can be successfully described using a renormalization-group improved NLL kernel while the standard next-to-leading-order QCD or leading-logarithm BFKL approaches fail to describe the same data in the whole kinematic range. We present a detailed analysis of the NLL scheme and renormalization-scale dependences and also discuss the photon impact factors.Comment: 15 pages, 9 figures, new title, NLL-BFKL saddle-point approximation replaced by exact integratio

Transient growth analysis of the flow past a circular cylinder

We apply direct transient growth analysis in complex geometries to investigate its role in the primary and secondary bifurcation/transition process of the flow past a circular cylinder. The methodology is based on the singular value decomposition of the Navier-Stokes evolution operator linearized about a two-dimensional steady or periodic state which leads to the optimal growth modes. Linearly stable and unstable steady flow at Re=45 and 50 is considered first, where the analysis demonstrates that strong two-dimensional transient growth is observed with energy amplifications of order of 10(3) at U-infinity tau/D approximate to 30. Transient growth at Re=50 promotes the linear instability which ultimately saturates into the well known von-Kaacutermaacuten street. Subsequently we consider the transient growth upon the time-periodic base state corresponding to the von-Kaacutermaacuten street at Re=200 and 300. Depending upon the spanwise wavenumber the flow at these Reynolds numbers are linearly unstable due to the so-called mode A and B instabilities. Once again energy amplifications of order of 10(3) are observed over a time interval of tau/T=2, where T is the time period of the base flow shedding. In all cases the maximum energy of the optimal initial conditions are located within a diameter of the cylinder in contrast to the spatial distribution of the unstable eigenmodes which extend far into the downstream wake. It is therefore reasonable to consider the analysis as presenting an accelerator to the existing modal mechanism. The rapid amplification of the optimal growth modes highlights their importance in the transition process for flow past circular cylinder, particularly when comparing with experimental results where these types of convective instability mechanisms are likely to be activated. The spatial localization, close to the cylinder, of the optimal initial condition may be significant when considering strategies to promote or control shedding

Current Molecular Epidemiology of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Elderly French People: Troublesome Clones on the Horizon.

In 2015, we conducted at 44 healthcare facilities (HCFs) and 21 nursing homes (NHs) a 3-month bloodstream infection (BSI) survey, and a 1-day prevalence study to determine the rate of carriage of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in 891 patients and 470 residents. We investigated the molecular characteristics of the BSI-associated and colonizing MRSA isolates, and assessed cross-transmission using double-locus sequence typing and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis protocol. The incidence of MRSA-BSI was 0.040/1000 patient-days (19 cases). The prevalence of MRSA carriage was 4.2% in patients (n = 39) and 8.7% in residents (n = 41) (p &lt; 0.001). BSI-associated and colonizing isolates were similar: none were PVL-positive; 86.9% belonged to clonal complexes 5 and 8; 93.9% were resistant to fluoroquinolones. The qacA/B gene was carried by 15.8% of the BSI-associated isolates [3/3 BSI cases in intensive care units (ICUs)], and 7.7% of the colonizing isolates in HCFs. Probable resident-to-resident transmission was identified in four NHs. Despite generally reassuring results, we identified two key concerns. First, a worryingly high prevalence of the qacA/B gene in MRSA isolates. Antisepsis measures being crucial to prevent healthcare-associated infections, our findings raise questions about the potential risk associated with chlorhexidine use in qacA/B(+) MRSA carriers, particularly in ICUs. Second, NHs are a weak link in MRSA control. MRSA spread was not controlled at several NHs; because of their frequent contact with the community, conditions are favorable for these NHs to serve as reservoirs of USA300 clone for local HCFs