Eastern European migration to Portugal: from an unexpected migration to an uncertain future

In Portugal, Eastern European immigrants only become numerically significant at the end of the 1990s. Until that time, the Portuguese immigration landscape was mainly characterized by the presence of citizens from former Portuguese colonies in Africa and from Brazil. The study of this phenomenon is particularly interesting because it allows to analyse the constitution and development of a new immigration flow and of new immigrant communities in the country and, since the 2008 crisis, to investigate the strategies that immigrants use to face an economic situation that seems to hinder the fulfilment of their initial motivations for migration. Considering the importance of economic motives, it should be expected that, if the reason that justified migration can no longer be satisfied in Portugal,migrants would adopt strategies to attain their economic wellbeing elsewhere. By focusing on the possibilities that migrants consider when planning their future trajectories in a context marked by an economic downturn, this analysis intends to shed light on some of the factors that could impact on these possibilities. It will be shown that these are not limited by the dichotomy of staying or returning, but are spread over a continuum of mobility options in-between the two extreme options (staying or returning). The objective of this article is twofold. First, it presents the evolution of immigration in Portugal giving special attention to the inflow of Eastern European immigrants at the beginning of the twenty-first century. Second, it intends to analyse the effects of the 2008 economic crisis on this immigration flow and the various options that immigrants could follow in their response to a downturn in the economic situation.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Conference News: Business, Social Policy and Corporate Political Influence in Developing Countries

This document is part of a digital collection provided by the Martin P. Catherwood Library, ILR School, Cornell University, pertaining to the effects of globalization on the workplace worldwide. Special emphasis is placed on labor rights, working conditions, labor market changes, and union organizing.UNRISD_Conference_BusSocPolCorpPoliInfluence.pdf: 1114 downloads, before Oct. 1, 2020

The Impact of an Old Fleet on the Demand for Air Transportation: The Case of VASP Brazilian Airlines

In 05/25/1982, the VASP aircraft broke in two after a hard landing killing 2 people. The pilot's misuse of rain repellant, caused an optical illusion leading to the hard landing. Since that day, VASP started to have constant problems. A brief history about VASP is discussed. After so many problems, VASP lost its market share and became the 4th airline of Brazil, VASP used to be second place. With financial problems, VASP could not buy new airplanes and its fleet was from the 70-80s. This paper aims to study if an old fleet could affect the demand for air transportation.Air Transportation, Airline, Demand, VASP, GOL, Brazil

Residual Stresses Induced by Dry and Cryogenic Cooling during Machining of AZ31B Magnesium Alloy

The major challenge of the Mg alloys has been their unsatisfactory corrosion resistance, which can be enhanced by improving the surface integrity. Cryogenic machining, where liquid nitrogen was used during machining, has been reported to improve the surface integrity of machined components, including compressive residual stresses. This paper analyses the influence of several cutting parameters, tool geometry and cryogenic conditions on the surface and subsurface residual stresses distribution

the role of intercultural mediation

Migration is generally described as a process that is nationally specific and that have features common to several countries. This has been shown by several authors through comparative research that compares the migration process of the same immigrant group to several countries (among others, Engbersen, Snel, & de Boom, 2010) or which scrutinises the migration realities of different countries (Zimmermann, 2005). Most of these studies are about geographically near countries, which are part of the same political system (the EU), and that have an established (albeit differentiated) welfare system. These proximities (geographical, but also political and social) allowed the authors of these studies to conceptualise the existence of several migration models or regimes: the southern European model (Baldwin-Edwards, 2012), the Iberian model of Migration (Malheiros, 2012); the intra-EU mobility regime (Engbersen et al., 2017). These migratory regimes are intertwined by migrant integration models or by different approaches to increasingly diverse populations. Although these are often identified as ‘national models of integration’, they do not fail to integrate the developments that have been recorded in the last decades in the international contexts in which the countries are inserted. Throughout the present text, the Portuguese experience in dealing with immigrant integration is used to reflect on the development of intercultural policies and practices, and on the role of intercultural mediation. The article is structured in the following way: in the introductory section we will review the discussion on interculturalism; in a second section the Portuguese immigration context will be presented; in a third section the integration of immigrants in the country will be analysed, given special attention to the development of policies that support immigrants’ integration process. In the fourth section, the role of intercultural mediation for the integration of immigrants will be considered.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Empresários portugueses no Luxemburgo : uma primeira aproximação

Este artigo constitui um estudo preliminar sobre os empresários portugueses no exterior, centrado no caso dos portugueses no Luxemburgo. Caracteriza-se, na primeira parte, a evolução da emigração portuguesa para aquele país e a sua inserção no mercado de trabalho. Na segunda parte, aprofunda-se o conhecimento sobre as atividades empreendedoras dos emigrantes portugueses e analisam-se diferentes fatores com impacto sobre a criação e o desenvolvimento de práticas empreendedoras entre os portugueses no estrangeiro

Role of Networking in Innovation Promotion and Cluster Modernization: “House of the Future” Case

This paper stresses the potential of innovative business cooperation networks in promoting regional competitiveness. It is based on the case study of a cooperation network, named “House of the Future”, carried out in the framework of a project where the University of Aveiro has an important role. It suggests success factors in the development of co-operation networks between firms from various sectors and a university. The aim of the “House of the Future” initiative is to promote an innovative approach to inter-organizational cooperation joining together firms from a number of different industrial activities related with the habitat meta-sector. This collaborative effort can function as an experiment for the design of regional innovation policies.

Gestão da emergência: estratégia de planeamento de exercícios: a concepção

ResPublica : Revista Lusófona de Ciência Política, Segurança e Relações InternacionaisHá várias seguranças, desde o security ao safety, passando por muitas outras (Privada, Intrusão, Terrorista, Bens, Financeira, Fiscal, Económica, Política, de Pessoas, Geopolítica, Ambiental, Informática, no Trabalho...), umas que já se conhecem e outras que ainda não. Porém, o reconhecimento teórico de algumas delas é redutor se não são testadas, verificadas e posicionadas num estádio mais ambicioso, a INTEGRAÇÃO (por exemplo, Gestão Integrada de Qualidade, Ambiente e Segurança – ISO 9001; ISO 14001; ISO 45001). Existem aspectos comuns a todas as seguranças, uns mais desenvolvidos e conscientemente aplicados do que outros. O Planeamento é, sem dúvida, um exemplo, transversal e naturalmente imprescindível em todas elas. Esta reflexão não pretende abordar o Planeamento das Seguranças, mas sim, e por agora, algo a jusante: Ferramentas de Validação de Segurança, na sua fase inicial de estruturação. Como é que podem ser construídas? Através de Exercícios que treinam, testam e evidenciam fragilidades e identificam aspectos de melhoria, tendo por base mais o desempenho das Organizações (o técnico, o de conhecimentos e o de perícias) e menos os dos indivíduos, per si.There are a lot of securities, from security to safety, through many other (Private, Intrusion, Terrorist, Goods, Financial, Fiscal, Economic, Political, Environmental, Geopolitics, People, Computers, at Work...), some we have met before, others, probably, we haven’t yet. However the theoretical recognition of some of them is a very short approach, if not really tested, checked and placed in a more ambitious stage: Integrated Security (Integrated Quality, Environmental and Safety Management – ISO 9001; ISO 14001; ISO 45001). There are common aspects to all securities, some more developed and consciously applied then to others. The planning is, undoubtedly, an example, transversal and naturally essential in all of them. This paper is not intended to address the planning of all securities, but rather, and yet, something downstream: Security Validation Tools in its early stage of structuring. How can they be built? Through exercises that train, test and demonstrate weaknesses and identify aspects of improvement, based on organizations performances (the technician, the knowledge and the skills) and less those of individuals, per se

The Breast Radiology in Senology

In the last decade, technological advances and scientific knowledge about breast cancer have had a huge impact on all the subspecialties that make up the breast centers. In particular, Radiology has established itself as a central element in the multidisciplinary approach to breast pathology, intervening in all stages of breast cancer, including screening, diagnosis, staging and post-treatment follow-up.This performance of Mammary Radiology was well reflected in the recent SPRMN conferences, dedicated to breast centers.Using criteria for breast cancer mammographic screening based only on sex and age, as it has been so far the case, seems scarce in the light of current knowledge. It is important to identify high-risk groups that require different screening as well as factors that may increase cancer risk and decrease screening sensitivity, such as breast density. If for the high-risk groups of breast carcinoma, which include women with a heavy family history, a proven genetic mutation, or a history of treatment in the childhood with radiotherapy due to Hodgkin's lymphoma, there is consensus about the type of screening that should be done – annual breast MRI around the age of 25 - the same does not occur in the groups with high breast density (BI-RADS ACR-c and d), who represent about 40% of women at a traceable age. There is no established consensus as to the most appropriate complementary method to be used in the referred breast density patterns, namely ultrasound, MRI or tomosynthesis. Of these alternatives, since ultrasound is a labor-intensive and time-consuming examination and MRI is difficult to perform in such a large number of women, the advantage lies in tomosynthesis, which represents a recent advance in digital mammography, allowing the breast to be "sliced" in planes which are 1 mm thick