A política esportiva brasileira nos governos do Partido dos Trabalhadores – PT (2003-2016)

This article presents and analyzes the main foundations of the sports policy adopted by the governments of the Partido dos Trabalhadores - PT (left party) between 2003 and 2016. Thus, through a critical review of the literature and, in a complementary way, of documentary research, this paper develops a historical [and retrospective] analysis of the main characteristics of the Brazilian sports sector, also analyzes the actions of these governments in the conduct of sports policies up to 2016, considering the creation of the Ministry of Sports, the holding of the National Sports Conferences and the insertion of the country in the route of mega sports events. The considerations indicate that during this period there were important changes in the conduct of sports policy, especially since the III National Sports Conference, which nevertheless adopted  mega sports events as the organizing principle of the governmental agenda - a fact that expresses, to some extent, the transformations in the Partido dos Trabalhadores itself.O artigo apresenta e analisa os principais fundamentos da política esportiva adotada pelos governos do Partido dos Trabalhadores – PT, entre os anos de 2003 a 2016 Para tanto, por meio de uma revisão crítica da literatura e, de maneira complementar, de pesquisa documental, o trabalho desenvolve uma análise [e retrospectiva] histórica das principais características do setor esportivo brasileiro, bem como analisa as ações desses governos na condução das políticas afetas ao esporte até o ano de 2016, considerando, para isso, a criação do Ministério do Esporte, a realização das Conferências Nacionais de Esporte e a inserção do país na rota dos megaeventos esportivos. As considerações indicam que ocorreram, nesse período, mudanças importantes na condução da política esportiva, sobretudo a partir da III Conferência Nacional de Esporte que, não obstante, adotou os megaeventos esportivos como o princípio organizador da agenda governamental – fato que expressa, em certa medida, as transformações orquestradas no próprio Partido dos Trabalhadores

Cyclobutanone Inhibitor of Cobalt-Functionalized Metallo-γ-Lactonase AiiA with Cyclobutanone Ring Opening in the Active Site

An α-amido cyclobutanone possessing a C10 hydrocarbon tail was designed as a potential transition-state mimetic for the quorum-quenching metallo-γ-lactonase autoinducer inactivator A (AiiA) with the support of in-house modeling techniques and found to be a competitive inhibitor of dicobalt(II) AiiA with an inhibition constant of Ki = 0.007 ± 0.002 mM. The catalytic mechanism of AiiA was further explored using our product-based transition-state modeling (PBTSM) computational approach, providing substrate-intermediate models arising during enzyme turnover and further insight into substrate–enzyme interactions governing native substrate catalysis. These interactions were targeted in the docking of cyclobutanone hydrates into the active site of AiiA. The X-ray crystal structure of dicobalt(II) AiiA cocrystallized with this cyclobutanone inhibitor unexpectedly revealed an N-(2-oxocyclobutyl)decanamide ring-opened acyclic product bound to the enzyme active site (PDB 7L5F). The C10 alkyl chain and its interaction with the hydrophobic phenylalanine clamp region of AiiA adjacent to the active site enabled atomic placement of the ligand atoms, including the C10 alkyl chain. A mechanistic hypothesis for the ring opening is proposed involving a radical-mediated process

Validity of the Falls Risk for Older People in the Community (FROP‑Com) tool to predict falls and fall injuries for older people presenting to the emergency department after falling

The aims of this study were to (1) externally validate the accuracy of the Falls Risk for Older People in the Community (FROP-Com) falls risk assessment tool in predicting falls and (2) undertake initial validation of the accuracy of the FROPCom to predict injurious falls (requiring medical attention) in people aged ≥ 60 years presenting to emergency departments (EDs) after falling. Two hundred and thirteen participants (mean age = 72.4 years; 59.2% women) were recruited (control group of a randomised controlled trial). A FROP-Com assessment was completed at a home visit within 2 weeks of ED discharge. Data on falls and injurious falls requiring medical attention were collected via monthly falls calendars for the next 12 months. Predictive accuracy was evaluated using sensitivity and specificity of a high-risk FROP-Com classification (score ≥ 19) in predicting a fall and injurious falls requiring medical attention. Fifty per cent of participants fell, with 60.4% of falls requiring medical attention. Thirty-two per cent were classified as high, 49% as moderate and 19% low falls risk. Low sensitivity was achieved for the FROP-Com high-risk classification for predicting falls (43.4%) and injurious falls (34.4%), although specificity was high (79.4% and 78.6%, respectively). Despite the FROP-Com’s low predictive accuracy, the high fall rate and high falls risk of the sample suggest that older people who fall, present to ED and are discharged home are at high risk of future falls. In high-falls-risk populations such as in this study, the FROP-Com is not a valid tool for classifying risk of falls or injurious falls. Its potential value may instead be in identifying risk factors for falling to direct tailoring of falls prevention interventions to reduce future falls

EFICIÊNCIA DOS DILUIDORES TRIS E BOTU-CRIO® SOBRE OS PARÂMETROS SEMINAIS DE GARANHÕES DAS RAÇAS QUARTO DE MILHA E MANGALARGA MARCHADOR

The limiting factor in the cryopreservation process of equine semen is related to the species, as they present a great variability in the ejaculate’s characteristics after thawing. The aim of this study was to evaluate sperm viability after thawing, from Quarter Horse and Mangalarga Marchador stallions using two extenders (Botu-crio and Tris) in cryopreservation. To this end, we analyzed the physical characteristics of fresh semen, the sperm membrane functionality by the hypoosmotic swelling test (HOST), total motility and vigor by the Thermoresistance Test (TRT), progressive motility by a computerized system CASA (Computer-Assisted Semen Anlyses) and acrosomal membrane integrity and functionality of the mitochondria by epifluorescence microscopy. After thawing, the extender Botu-crio® better preserved motility, vigor and integrity of the plasma membrane. There was no significant difference between breeds for the thermoresistance test after twaing. Quarter Horse showed higher percentage of bigger defects in the sperm pathology analysis

Influência da castração e da idade de abate sobre as características subjetivas e instrumentais da carne de cordeiros Corriedale Effects of castration and slaughtering age on the subjective and instrumental characteristics of meat from Corriedale lambs

Este trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito da castração e da idade de abate sobre as características subjetivas e instrumentais da carne de cordeiros Corriedale criados em condições extensivas de pastagem natural. Foram utilizados 60 cordeiros machos (30 não-castrados e 30 castrados) abatidos no ano de 2003, aos 120, 210 e 360 dias de idade, nos meses de fevereiro, maio e outubro, respectivamente. As avaliações da carne foram realizadas no músculo Longissimus dorsi. Pela análise da variância, verificou-se que não houve efeito da interação castração × idade de abate nas características estudadas. Foi encontrada significância para a idade de abate nas características subjetivas espessura de gordura de cobertura e marmoreio (os índices foram mais baixos nos animais mais velhos) e em todas as características instrumentais avaliadas, principalmente maciez, que diminuiu com o aumento da idade de abate. O efeito da castração foi significativo somente no componente de cor L*. A qualidade da carne foi similar entre cordeiros Corriedale castrados e não-castrados criados extensivamente em pastagem natural, entretanto, a idade de abate influenciou a qualidade da carne, que foi melhor nos animais abatidos aos 120 dias.<br>The objective of this trial was to evaluate the effects of castration and slaughtering age on subjective and instrumental characteristics of meat from Corriedale lambs raised on native pasture. Sixty male lambs (30 castrated and 30 intact) slaughtered at 120, 210 and 360 days of age were used in this experiment. The Longissimus dorsi muscle was used for all meat evaluations and analysis. No significant castration × slaughtering age interaction was observed for the studied variables. A significant slaughtering age effect was found for meat fat thickness and marbling, which had lower scores in animals slaughtered at more advanced age as well as for all instrumental characteristics of the meat, mainly tenderness that was reduced in older lambs. However, a significant castration effect was observed only for meat color (brightness according to the CIELAB system). It can be concluded that meat quality from Corriedale lambs grazing native pasture was not affected by castration. Slaughtering age affected meat quality with lambs slaughtered at 120 days of age showing the best results

Ozonized Water in Microbial Control: Analysis of the Stability, In Vitro Biocidal Potential, and Cytotoxicity

O3 dissolved in water (or ozonized water) has been considered a potent antimicrobial agent, and this study aimed to test this through microbiological and in vitro assays. The stability of O3 was accessed following modifications of the physicochemical parameters of water, such as the temperature and pH, with or without buffering. Three concentrations of O3 (0.4, 0.6, and 0.8 ppm) dissolved in water were tested against different microorganisms, and an analysis of the cytotoxic effects was also conducted using the human ear fibroblast cell line (Hfib). Under the physicochemical conditions of 4 °C and pH 5, O3 remained the most stable and concentrated compared to pH 7 and water at 25 °C. Exposure to ozonized water resulted in high mortality rates for Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, and Candida albicans. Scanning electron micrograph images indicate that the effects on osmotic stability due to cell wall lysis might be one of the killing mechanisms of ozonized water. The biocidal agent was biocompatible and presented no cytotoxic effect against Hfib cells. Therefore, due to its cytocompatibility and biocidal action, ozonized water can be considered a viable alternative for microbial control, being possible, for example, its use in disinfection processes