Velocity dependent interactions and a new sum rule in bcc He

Recent neutron scattering experiments [PRL,{\bf 88},p.195301 (2002)] on solid $^4$He, discovered a new optic-like mode in the bcc phase. This excitation was predicted by a recently proposed model that describes the correlated atomic zero-point motion in bcc Helium in terms of dynamic electric dipole moments. Modulations of the relative phase of these dipoles between different atoms describes the anomalously soft T$_1$(110) phonon and two new optic-like modes, one of which was recently found in the neutron scattering experiments. In this work we show that the correlated dipolar interactions can be written as a velocity dependent interaction. This then results in a modified f-sum rule for the T$_1$(110) phonon, in good agreement with the recent experimental data.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure

Experimental detection of turbulent thermaldiffusion of aerosols in non-isothermal flows

International audienceWe studied experimentally a new phenomenon of turbulent thermal diffusion of particles which can cause formation of the large-scale aerosol layers in the vicinity of the atmospheric temperature inversions. This phenomenon was detected experimentally in oscillating grids turbulence in air flow. Three measurement techniques were used to study turbulent thermal diffusion in strongly inhomogeneous temperature fields, namely Particle Image Velocimetry to determine the turbulent velocity field, an image processing technique to determine the spatial distribution of aerosols, and an array of thermocouples for the temperature field. Experiments are presented for both, stably and unstably stratified fluid flows, by using both directions of the imposed mean vertical temperature gradient. We demonstrated that even in strongly inhomogeneous temperature fields particles in turbulent fluid flow accumulate at the regions with minimum of mean temperature of surrounding fluids due to the phenomenon of turbulent thermal diffusion

THE USE OF BACTERIAL LYSATES IN THE COMPLEX TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC DECOMPENSATED TONSILLITIS

Introduction. Chronic tonsillitis (CT) occupies a leading place in the structure of general Oto-rhino-laryngology (ORL) pathology which is characterized by a tendency to an increase in the number of patients with recurrent course, the development of complications and the diversity of etiopathogenetic mechanisms of onset. It has been established that the most acceptable tactic for the prevention of exacerbations of chronic tonsillitis is the use of various groups of drugs that enhance the humoral immunity of the mucous membranes. The drug Ismigen is an immunostimulant based on a bacterial lysate, which increases the body's resistance to infections due to an increase in serum and secretory antibodies, activation of cellular and humoral factors of nonspecific immunity. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the use of Ismigen in the complex treatment of patients with chronic decompensated tonsillitis by studying the dynamics of microbiological indicators. Materials and methods. To achieve this goal, 31 patients with chronic decompensated tonsillitis (CDT) were examined. Patients were divided into 2 groups depending on the proposed treatment regimen: Group A: patients with chronic decompensated tonsillitis who underwent laser tonsillotomy - 15 patients; Group B: patients with chronic decompensated tonsillitis who underwent laser tonsillotomy with further immunostimulation with the drug Ismigen - 16 patients. The control group (CG) consisted of 17 practically healthy individual. Patient in group B had sublingual Ismigen postoperatively: once daily for a period for a period of 10 days. Microbiological examination of the material from the mucous membranes of the tonsils or oropharynx was carried out in dynamics before the treatment, 7 days after the treatment and 1-2 months after the end of the course of treatment. A comprehensive assessment of the status of the oropharynx microbiocenosis was carried out in accordance with the criteria described earlier. According to these criteria, the status of the microbiocenosis of the oropharynx was divided into: eubiosis, dysbiosis of the 1st degree, dysbiosis of the 2nd degree and dysbiosis of the 3rd degree. Results and discussion. Before treatment, in the decompensated state of CT (59.7±2.8) % of the examined subjects was accompanied by dysbiotic manifestations and were classified to grade 3: 60.0% of patients in group A and in 62.5% of patients in group B. In no case pathology of the tonsils did not reveal the microbiological picture of eubiosis. Carrying out various types of therapeutic measures for patients with CDT positively affected the microbiocenosis status of the studied biotope in comparison with the initial data. Comparison of the results of microbiological examination of patients in groups A and B showed the advantages of using immunocorrection after laser tonsillotomy. Thus, in 81.3% of the examined group B microbiocenoses of the mucous membranes of preserved tonsils are represented by eubiosis, compared with 26.7% in group A (p<0.01). The rest of the patients (18.7%) of group B showed dysbiotic phenomena of 1st degree, against 53.3% of persons in group A (p<0.05). The study of the species composition of the oropharynx microbiota of patients with CDT before treatment and its comparison with bacterial antigens that are part of the preparation of Ismigen showed that practically every patient had persistent one or two respiratory pathogens, which are eliminated by bacterial lysates of Ismigen. Immediately after the treatment, there were no significant differences in the incidence of the above-mentioned bacteria between groups of patients. Respiratory pathogens were detected in 5 patients of group A and 3 patients of group B. The density of seeding of the biotope decreased significantly compared to baseline values and averaged lg (4.1±0.2) CFU/g (p <0.01). 1-2 months after the treatment in none of the patients who received the preparation of «Ismigen», the indicated bacteria were detected in the microbiocenosis of the mucous tonsils, against 66.7% of the group A patients who did not undergo sublingual immunization (p<0.01) . «Sanitizing», with respect to the microbial factor of CT, the effectiveness of performed tonsillotomy in a third of patients of group A was lost. The aforementioned respiratory pathogens are most often encountered in chronic inflammatory processes in the upper respiratory tract. Long-term persistence of microorganisms is accompanied by aggravation of immunological disorders and an increased risk of recurrence of the disease [14]. Our studies confirmed the above for patients in Group A, who underwent adequate pathogenetic organ-sparing treatment of the tonsils, but without subsequent immunocorrection. Conclusions. 1. Ismigen, administered to patients with chronic decompensated tonsillitis as part of complex treatment provided a more pronounced antimicrobial effect and promoted restoration of the normocoenosis of the oropharynx. 2. Laser tonsillotomy performed with further immunomodulation with the help of immunostimulant on the basis of bacterial lysates Ismigen, allows to achieve the indices of microbial communities of the mucous membranes of preserved tonsils, which did not differ statistically from the microbiota of the control group of practically healthy persons: in 81.3% of patients, eubiosis and in 18.7% of the dysbiosis of the 1st degree. In persons without pathology of the tonsils, these indicators were 88.2% and 11.8%, respectively. 3. Ismigen has a selective antimicrobial effect against the most common respiratory pathogens, which is objectively manifested by the restoration of the eubiotic colonization profile of the oropharynx in patients with CDT 1-2 months after treatment

The tumour bank at the children's hospital at westmead: An Australian paediatric cancer biorepository

© 2018 The Author(s). This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC-BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Tumor Bank at The Children's Hospital at Westmead was established in 1998 with the purpose of facilitating research into childhood malignancy through the active provision of well annotated, ethically collected tissue samples and providing a pathway for the Children Hospital at Westmead to engage in leading research initiatives, supporting international investigations and clinical trials. Within 20 years practice as a single institute biorepository, The Tumour Bank has established standard operating procedures for collection of tissue, blood and bone marrow that were integrated into routine patient management systems. In addition, three main operational areas have been developed: collection of biospecimens and written consent; management of clinical data and biospecimen inventory database; and implementation of an open access policy to support childhood cancer research around the world. Regulatory oversight is provided by the Tumour Bank Committee, Human Research Ethics Committee and Governance Department. This concerted effort has resulted in collecting 20340 specimens from 3788 patients within 20 years, and The Tumour bank has supported over 108 national and international research projects, and contributed to over 70 peer-reviewed publications to date, with a mean time-to-publication of 19.1 ± 9.0 months and average Impact Factor of 6.11 ± 4.53. In conclusion, the Children's Hospital at Westmead Tumour Bank has demonstrated a sustained single institutional biorepository model for facilitating translational research of rare cancer. It has provided strong evidence that integration of a single institutional biobank into standard clinical practices would be the long-term pathway of valuable bio-resource for rare cancer research

Epidemiologic surveillance control issues and optimization methods of nosocomial purulent-septic infections of newborns and women in labor

Department of Epidemiology, E. A. Vagner State Medical Academy of Perm, RussiaThe problems of nosocomial purulent–septic infections (NPSI) in newborns and women in labour still appear to be actual for public health care system because of NPSI wide distribution and their social and economic affection. The undertaken studies have revealed that true NPSI morbidity of the newborns and women in labor exceeds the data in official documents by 10 times. During continuous microbiological screening of the material taken from patients and from hospital environmental objects it has been established that the epidemic NPSI niduses are caused by the circulation of nosocomial strains. Extra hospital strains dо not provoke infectious and inflammatory processes development in 70.4% of cases. Extra hospital strains cause individual NPSI maladies in 21.0% of cases and only in 1.9% they form the epidemic centres of two and more cases. The research shows that the INPSI agents isolated from the medical wastes after disinfection, in comparison with the microorganisms isolated before the disinfection process, are characterized by virulence and the resistance to poly-antibiotics and used disinfectant. Therefore, in the absence of patients with NPSI signs in a particular in-patient department, the identification of microorganisms’ strains can be carried out by a usual bacteriological examination of disinfected hospital wastes. In conditions of medical preventive institutions and the medical insurance system NPSI damage can be economically determined by laboratory expenses, antibacterial and general health treatment expenses, plus the basic tariffs without the average examination and treatment costs. Проблемы внутрибольничных гнойно-септических инфекций (ВГСИ) у новорождённых и рожениц по-прежнему остаются актуальными для здравоохранения ввиду их широкого распространения и социально-экономической значимости. Исследования показали, что истинная заболеваемость ВГСИ у новорождённых и рожениц в 10 раз выше официально зарегистрированной. Продолжительное микробиологическое исследование материала, взятого у больных и из объектов больничной среды, показало, что эпидемические очаги ВГСИ связаны с циркуляцией внутрибольничных штаммов. Внебольничные штаммы в 70,4% случаев не вызывают развития инфекционных или воспалительных процессов. Эти штаммы вызывают отдельные заражения ВГСИ в 21% случаев и только в 1,9% случаев формируют эпидемические очаги с двумя и более числом заболевших. Исследования показывают, что возбудители, выделенные из медицинских отходов после дезинфекции, в отличие от микроорганизмов, изолированных до дезинфекции, характеризуются вирулентностью, а также полиантибиотикорезистентностью и устойчивостью к используемому дезинфектанту. Таким образом, при отсутствии в частной клинике пациентов с признаками ВГСИ идентификация микробных штаммов может быть проведена при помощи обычного бактериологического исследования дезинфицированных медицинских отходов. В условиях медицинских профилактических учреждений и системы медицинского страхования экономический ущерб от ВГСИ может быть оценён по лабораторным затратам, стоимости общего и антибактериального лечения, плюс базовые тарифы без средней стоимости обследования и лечения

Clinical feasibility of umbilical cord tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of multiple sclerosis.

BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a progressively debilitating neurological condition in which the immune system abnormally erodes the myelin sheath insulating the nerves. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have been used in the last decade to safely treat certain immune and inflammatory conditions. METHODS: A safety and feasibility study was completed on the use of umbilical cord MSC (UCMSC) as a treatment for MS. In this 1-year study, consenting subjects received seven intravenous infusions of 20 × 10 RESULTS: Twenty subjects were enrolled in this study. No serious adverse events were reported. Of the mild AEs denoted as possibly related to treatment, most were headache or fatigue. Symptom improvements were most notable 1 month after treatment. Improvements were seen in EDSS scores (p \u3c 0.03), as well as in bladder, bowel, and sexual dysfunction (p \u3c 0.01), in non-dominant hand average scores (p \u3c 0.01), in walk times (p \u3c 0.02) and general perspective of a positive health change and improved quality of life. MRI scans of the brain and the cervical spinal cord showed inactive lesions in 15/18 (83.3%) subjects after 1 year. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment with UCMSC intravenous infusions for subjects with MS is safe, and potential therapeutic benefits should be further investigated. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02034188. Registered Jan 13, 2014. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02034188