90 research outputs found
Pinned Balseiro-Falicov Model of Tunneling and Photoemission in the Cuprates
The smooth evolution of the tunneling gap of Bi_2Sr_2CaCu_2O_8 with doping
from a pseudogap state in the underdoped cuprates to a superconducting state at
optimal and overdoping, has been interpreted as evidence that the pseudogap
must be due to precursor pairing. We suggest an alternative explanation, that
the smoothness reflects a hidden SO(N) symmetry near the (pi,0) points of the
Brillouin zone (with N = 3, 4, 5, or 6). Because of this symmetry, the
pseudogap could actually be due to any of a number of nesting instabilities,
including charge or spin density waves or more exotic phases. We present a
detailed analysis of this competition for one particular model: the pinned
Balseiro-Falicov model of competing charge density wave and (s-wave)
superconductivity. We show that most of the anomalous features of both
tunneling and photoemission follow naturally from the model, including the
smooth crossover, the general shape of the pseudogap phase diagram, the
shrinking Fermi surface of the pseudogap phase, and the asymmetry of the
tunneling gap away from optimal doping. Below T_c, the sharp peak at Delta_1
and the dip seen in the tunneling and photoemission near 2Delta_1 cannot be
described in detail by this model, but we suggest a simple generalization to
account for inhomogeneity, which does provide an adequate description. We show
that it should be possible, with a combination of photoemission and tunneling,
to demonstrate the extent of pinning of the Fermi level to the Van Hove
singularity. A preliminary analysis of the data suggests pinning in the
underdoped, but not in the overdoped regime.Comment: 18 pages LaTeX, 26 ps. figure
Stripes, pseudogaps, and SO(6) in the cuprate superconductors
We briefly summarize two related calculations. First, we demonstrate that the
instabilities (either nesting or pairing) associated with the high-T_c cuprates
can be described by an SO(6) transformation group. There are two independent
6-dimensional representations (`superspins'). One superspin combines Zhang's
5-component superspin with a flux phase instability; the other involves a
charge density wave, s-wave superconductivity, and an exotic spin current.
The second calculation is a self-consistent slave boson calculation, which
provides a good description of the doping dependence of the photoemission
dispersion in terms of dynamic striped phases. The stripes are stabilized by
strong electron-phonon coupling, and provide evidence for a doping-dependent
crossover between the two superspin groundstates.Comment: 5 pages, 8 figures included as ps files; presented at SNS97
(Spectroscopies in Novel Superconductors), Sept. 14-18, Cape Cod; proceedings
to appear in J. Phys. Chem. So
Van Hove Excitons and High-T Superconductivity: VIIIC Dynamic Jahn-Teller Effects vs Spin-Orbit Coupling in the LTO Phase of LaSrCuO
The possible role of the van Hove singularity (vHs) in stabilizing the
low-temperature orthorhombic (LTO) phase transition in
La\-Sr\-CuO (LSCO) is discussed. It is found that the vHs can
drive a structural distortion in two different ways, either due to spin-orbit
coupling or to dynamic Jahn-Teller (JT) effects. This paper discusses the
latter effect in some detail. It is shown that a model Hamiltonian introduced
earlier to describe the coupled electron -- octahedral tilt motions (`cageons')
has a series of phase transitions, from a high-temperature disordered JT phase
(similar to the high-temperature tetragonal phase of LSCO) to an intermediate
temperature dynamic JT phase, of average orthorhombic symmetry (the LTO phase)
to a low temperature static JT phase (the low temperature tetragonal phase).
For some parameter values, the static JT phase is absent.Comment: 28 pages plain TeX, 14 figures available upon request,
NU-MARKIEWIC-93-0
Effect of Hole Doping on the Electronic Structure of Tl2201
We discuss doping dependencies of the electronic structure and Fermi surface
of the monolayer TlCuBaCuO (Tl2201). The TlO bands
are found to be particularly sensitive to doping in that these bands rapidly
move to higher energies as holes are added into the system. Such doping effects
beyond the rigid band picture should be taken into account in analyzing and
modeling the electronic spectra of the cuprates.Comment: 2 pages, Submitted to Physica C / Proceedings of the M2S-HTSC-VIII
Conferenc
Van Hove Exciton-Cageons and High-T Superconductivity: VIIID Solitons and Nonlinear Dynamics
The low-temperature orthorhombic (LTO) phase transition in
LaSrCuO can be interpreted as a dynamic Jahn-Teller effect, in
which the degenerate electronic states are associated with the large densities
of states at the two van Hove singularities. The equations describing this
phase are strongly nonlinear. This paper illustrates some consequences of the
nonlinearity, by presenting a rich variety of exact nonlinear wave solutions
for the model.
Of particular interest are soliton lattice solutions: arrays of domain walls
separating regions of local low-temperature tetragonal (LTT) symmetry. These
arrays have a {\it macroscopic} average symmetry higher than LTT. These
lattices can display either orthorhombic (`orthons') or tetragonal (`tetrons')
symmetry, and can serve as models for a microscopic description of the dynamic
JT LTO and high-temperature tetragonal phases, respectively.Comment: 17 pages plain TeX, 14 figures available upon reques
Flux Phase as a Dynamic Jahn-Teller Phase: Berryonic Matter in the Cuprates?
There is considerable evidence for some form of charge ordering on the
hole-doped stripes in the cuprates, mainly associated with the low-temperature
tetragonal phase, but with some evidence for either charge density waves or a
flux phase, which is a form of dynamic charge-density wave. These three states
form a pseudospin triplet, demonstrating a close connection with the E X e
dynamic Jahn-Teller effect, suggesting that the cuprates constitute a form of
Berryonic matter. This in turn suggests a new model for the dynamic Jahn-Teller
effect as a form of flux phase. A simple model of the Cu-O bond stretching
phonons allows an estimate of electron-phonon coupling for these modes,
explaining why the half breathing mode softens so much more than the full
oxygen breathing mode. The anomalous properties of provide a coupling
(correlated hopping) which acts to stabilize density wave phases.Comment: Major Revisions: includes comparisons with specific cuprate phonon
modes, 16 eps figures, revte
Stripes, Pseudogaps, and Van Hove Nesting in the Three-band tJ Model
Slave boson calculations have been carried out in the three-band tJ model for
the high-T_c cuprates, with the inclusion of coupling to oxygen breathing mode
phonons. Phonon-induced Van Hove nesting leads to a phase separation between a
hole-doped domain and a (magnetic) domain near half filling, with long-range
Coulomb forces limiting the separation to a nanoscopic scale. Strong
correlation effects pin the Fermi level close to, but not precisely at the Van
Hove singularity (VHS), which can enhance the tendency to phase separation. The
resulting dispersions have been calculated, both in the uniform phases and in
the phase separated regime. In the latter case, distinctly different
dispersions are found for large, random domains and for regular (static)
striped arrays, and a hypothetical form is presented for dynamic striped
arrays. The doping dependence of the latter is found to provide an excellent
description of photoemission and thermodynamic experiments on pseudogap
formation in underdoped cuprates. In particular, the multiplicity of observed
gaps is explained as a combination of flux phase plus charge density wave (CDW)
gaps along with a superconducting gap. The largest gap is associated with VHS
nesting. The apparent smooth evolution of this gap with doping masks a
crossover from CDW-like effects near optimal doping to magnetic effects (flux
phase) near half filling. A crossover from large Fermi surface to hole pockets
with increased underdoping is found. In the weakly overdoped regime, the CDW
undergoes a quantum phase transition (), which could be obscured
by phase separation.Comment: 15 pages, Latex, 18 PS figures Corrects a sign error: major changes,
esp. in Sect. 3, Figs 1-4,6 replace
Dispersion of Ordered Stripe Phases in the Cuprates
A phase separation model is presented for the stripe phase of the cuprates,
which allows the doping dependence of the photoemission spectra to be
calculated. The idealized limit of a well-ordered array of magnetic and charged
stripes is analyzed, including effects of long-range Coulomb repulsion.
Remarkably, down to the limit of two-cell wide stripes, the dispersion can be
interpreted as essentially a superposition of the two end-phase dispersions,
with superposed minigaps associated with the lattice periodicity. The largest
minigap falls near the Fermi level; it can be enhanced by proximity to a (bulk)
Van Hove singularity. The calculated spectra are dominated by two features --
this charge stripe minigap plus the magnetic stripe Hubbard gap. There is a
strong correlation between these two features and the experimental
photoemission results of a two-peak dispersion in LaSrCuO, and
the peak-dip-hump spectra in BiSrCaCuO. The
differences are suggestive of the role of increasing stripe fluctuations. The
1/8 anomaly is associated with a quantum critical point, here expressed as a
percolation-like crossover. A model is proposed for the limiting minority
magnetic phase as an isolated two-leg ladder.Comment: 24 pages, 26 PS figure
Superconducting and pseudogap phases from scaling near a Van Hove singularity
We study the quantum corrections to the Fermi energy of a two-dimensional
electron system, showing that it is attracted towards the Van Hove singularity
for a certain range of doping levels. The scaling of the Fermi level allows to
cure the infrared singularities left in the BCS channel after renormalization
of the leading logarithm near the divergent density of states. A phase of
d-wave superconductivity arises beyond the point of optimal doping
corresponding to the peak of the superconducting instability. For lower doping
levels, the condensation of particle-hole pairs due to the nesting of the
saddle points takes over, leading to the opening of a gap for quasiparticles in
the neighborhood of the singular points.Comment: 4 pages, 6 Postscript figures, the physical discussion of the results
has been clarifie
Electronic susceptibilities in systems with anisotropic Fermi surfaces
The low temperature dependence of the spin and charge susceptibilities of an
anisotropic electron system in two dimensions is analyzed. It is shown that the
presence of inflection points at the Fermi surface leads, generically, to a dependence, and a more singular behavior, ,
is also possible. Applications to quasi two-dimensional materials are
discussed.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures, revtex 4 styl
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