Psoriasis and Psyche - What`s New? What is Clinically Relevant?

Physical activity and age-sex standardised prevalence of multimorbidity over time in the restricted sample (DOCX 16 kb

The association between TV time, internet use and muscle strength in women (N = 3383).

<p><b>Multivariate model</b> includes adjustments for age, smoking, physical activity, alcohol, social class, disability, chronic illness, body mass index, CES-D score, and mutually for TV time or internet use.</p>*<p>General linear model coefficients; coefficients indicate mean differences (in muscle strength markers) between each screen time group and the reference category.</p

Characteristics of the sample in relation the TV viewing time.

<p>Data presented as percentages unless otherwise stated.</p>†<p>defined as moderate or vigorous activity at least once per week.</p>‡<p>defined as alcohol intake at least once per week.</p>*<p>Defined as routine/manual occupations.</p

Additional file 1: Table S1. of Active travel to non-school destinations but not to school is associated with higher physical activity levels in an ethnically diverse sample of inner-city schoolchildren

Association between frequency of active travel to non-school destinations (low vs. high frequency of active travel) and physical activity in participants with ≥ 3 days accelerometry (n = 273); Table S2.. Association between ethnicity and physical activity levels (white vs. non-white ethnicities). (DOCX 13 kb

Secular changes in mid-adulthood body mass index, waist circumference, and low HDL cholesterol between 1990, 2003, and 2018 in Great Britain

ObjectiveTo investigate the extent to which (1) secular changes in mid-adulthood WC are independent of BMI and (2) secular changes in low HDL-C are dependent on WC in each sex.MethodsThe sample comprised 19,406 adults (aged 43–47 years) from three birth cohort studies with BMI and WC measured in 1990, 2003, or 2018; 13,239 participants additionally had HDL-C measured in 2003 or 2018. Quantile regression was used to model differences between 1990–2003 and 2003–2018 in (1) BMI and WC internal Z-scores and (2) WC in cm before and after adjustment for BMI. Binary logistic regression was used to model differences between 2003 and 2018 in low HDL-C, before and after adjustment for BMI or WC.ResultsSecular increases in BMI and WC were larger between 1990 and 2003 than 2003 and 2018 and at the upper ends of the distributions. At the 85th quantile, effect sizes were larger for WC than BMI Z-scores in females but not males. Adjustment for BMI attenuated estimates of secular increases in WC in cm more in males than females. Odds ratios for low HDL-C in 2018 compared to 2003 were 1.73 (95% CI 1.32, 2.28) in males and 1.34 (1.01, 1.78) in females. Adjustment for WC did not substantially change the estimate in males but attenuated the estimate for females to 1.09 (0.81, 1.47).ConclusionsIn women much more so than in men, secular increases in mid-adulthood WC appear to have occurred independently of BMI and largely explain the observed rise in low HDL-C prevalence between 2003 and 2018.</div

Additional file 1: of Weekend warrior physical activity pattern and common mental disorder: a population wide study of 108,011 British adults

Supplementary analyses. (DOCX 24 kb

Frequently interrupting prolonged sitting with light body-weighted resistance activity alters psychobiological responses to acute psychological stress: A randomized crossover trial

Background: Uninterrupted prolonged sitting and exaggerated psychobiological reactivity to acute psychological stress are associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Breaking up prolonged sitting with frequent, short bouts of light intensity physical activity acutely lowers CVD risk markers under resting conditions. Purpose: To examine whether frequent interruptions to prolonged sitting with body-weighted resistance activity can acutely lower SBP (primary outcome) and other cardiovascular, inflammatory and cortisol (secondary outcomes) responses to acute psychological stress. Methods: This randomised crossover trial included 17 sedentary participants (9 men; mean ± SD age; 24.0 ± 0.5 years) who completed two conditions: (1) interrupting 4h of sitting with 4-min of light body-weighted resistance activity every 30-min (BREAK), and (2) 4h of uninterrupted sitting (SIT). Following the BREAK and SIT intervention windows, cardiovascular, inflammatory and cortisol markers were measured at rest, during stress tasks (8-min Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test [PASAT] and 3-min Cold Pressor [CP]) and during 45-min recovery periods. Results: There were main effects of time for cardiovascular parameters (SBP, DBP, HR, cardiac output, and total peripheral resistance [all p Conclusions: Interrupting prolonged sitting with frequent bouts of light intensity bodyweighted resistance activity alters psychobiological responses to acute psychological stress. Further research should explore the longer-term implications for CVD risk. </p

Sedentary behaviour, but not moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, is associated with respiratory responses to acute psychological stress

Background Acute psychological stress induces respiratory responses, and stress-induced respiratory changes can be used to non-invasively reflect metabolic regulation. Respiratory and cardiovascular responses to stress are both driven by sympathetic mechanisms. Higher volumes of sedentary behaviour and lower volumes of physical activity are associated with elevated sympathetic tone and larger cardiovascular responses to stress. The aim of this study was to test whether these associations translate to measures of respiratory stress reactivity. Methods Daily hours of sedentary behaviour (thigh-mounted activPAL) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA; wrist-mounted ActiGraph) were assessed across seven days. Breath-by-breath respiratory (e.g., breathing frequency [BF], end-tidal carbon dioxide partial pressure [PetCO2], carbon dioxide output [V̇CO2] and respiratory exchange ratio [RER]) responses to an 8-min Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test were then measured using a Cortex MetaLyzer3B. Results Healthy participants (N = 61, mean age ± SD = 25.7 ± 8.9 years) recorded high volumes of sedentary behaviour (9.96 ± 1.48 hours/day) and MVPA (1.70 ± 0.71 hours/day). In adjusted models (with the inclusion of sedentary behaviour, MVPA, and other a priori selected covariates) hours of daily sedentary behaviour were associated with baseline to stress changes in BF (Β = 0.695, 95% CI = 0.281 — 1.109, p =.014), VT (Β = -0.042, 95% CI = -0.058 — -0.026, p =.014), PetCO2 (Β = -0.537, 95% CI = -0.829 — -0.245, p =.014), V̇CO2 (Β = -0.008, 95% CI = -0.014 — -0.003, p =.030), and RER (Β = -0.013, 95% CI = -0.021 — -0.005, p =.022). Daily hours of MVPA were not linked with respiratory responses to stress. Discussion Sedentary behaviour, but not MVPA, is associated with respiratory stress reactivity. Future work should untangle the underlying mechanisms of these findings and explore the consequences for cardiometabolic disease.</p

Sedentary behaviour, physical activity and psychobiological stress reactivity: a systematic review

Background: Sedentary behaviour, physical activity, and psychobiological reactivity to acute psychological stress are independent risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Sedentary behaviour and physical activity influence autonomic, haemodynamic, and inflammatory pathways under resting conditions, and these pathways become activated under acute psychological stress. However, it is unclear whether sedentary behaviour and physical activity relate to psychobiological responses to stress. Thus, the aim of this study is to systematically review sedentary behaviour and physical activity in the context of psychobiological reactivity to acute psychological stress. Methods: Sedentary behaviour, physical activity and psychobiological stress reactivity search terms were combined, and several databases were searched in duplicate. Eligibility criteria included: (1) a validated measure of sedentary behaviour/physical activity; (2) cardiovascular, inflammatory, neuroendocrine, or respiratory markers measured at rest and in response to laboratory-induced acute psychological stressResults: 6084 articles were screened, with 11 included in a narrative synthesis. No studies measured postural components of sedentary behaviour, but 2/4 studies found that markers of sedentary behaviour (e.g., physical inactivity) were associated with elevated heart rate, dysregulated heart rate variability, or lowered cortisol responses to stress. Higher volumes of physical activity were linked to lower HR, cortisol, or immune responses to stress in 4/7 studies. Conclusions: Extensive methodological variability precludes conclusions from being drawn. This review should be used to guide a more homogeneous and gold-standard literature, which accounts for postural components of sedentary behaviour using inclinometery, and the whole physical activity intensity spectrum using universal and reproducible approaches. </p

Supplementary information files for Frequently interrupting prolonged sitting with light body-weighted resistance activity alters psychobiological responses to acute psychological stress: A randomized crossover trial

Supplementary files for article Frequently interrupting prolonged sitting with light body-weighted resistance activity alters psychobiological responses to acute psychological stress: A randomized crossover trial Background: Uninterrupted prolonged sitting and exaggerated psychobiological reactivity to acute psychological stress are associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Breaking up prolonged sitting with frequent, short bouts of light intensity physical activity acutely lowers CVD risk markers under resting conditions. Purpose: To examine whether frequent interruptions to prolonged sitting with body-weighted resistance activity can acutely lower SBP (primary outcome) and other cardiovascular, inflammatory and cortisol (secondary outcomes) responses to acute psychological stress. Methods: This randomised crossover trial included 17 sedentary participants (9 men; mean ± SD age; 24.0 ± 0.5 years) who completed two conditions: (1) interrupting 4h of sitting with 4-min of light body-weighted resistance activity every 30-min (BREAK), and (2) 4h of uninterrupted sitting (SIT). Following the BREAK and SIT intervention windows, cardiovascular, inflammatory and cortisol markers were measured at rest, during stress tasks (8-min Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test [PASAT] and 3-min Cold Pressor [CP]) and during 45-min recovery periods. Results: There were main effects of time for cardiovascular parameters (SBP, DBP, HR, cardiac output, and total peripheral resistance [all p Conclusions: Interrupting prolonged sitting with frequent bouts of light intensity bodyweighted resistance activity alters psychobiological responses to acute psychological stress. Further research should explore the longer-term implications for CVD risk. </p