Social capital and oral health promotion: Past, present, and future challenges

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Are oral health conditions associated with schoolchildren’s performance and school attendance in the Kingdom of Bahrain? A life-course perspective

Background: The link between oral diseases and school performance and school attendance remains unclear among Middle Eastern children.Aim: To investigate the relationship of oral conditions with schoolchildren's school performance and attendance using the life- course approach.Design: A cross- sectional study was conducted with 466 schoolchildren aged 7- 8 years from Kingdom of Bahrain (KoB) and their parents. Questionnaire data on children's current and at- birth environmental characteristics were completed by their parents. Children's oral health measures, including ICDAS (International Caries Detection and Assessment System), PUFA (pulp, ulcer, fistula, abscess), and DDE (developmental defects of enamel) indices, were the exposure variables. School performance and school attendance data obtained from the school register were the outcome variables. The data were analysed using multivariate ordinal logistic regression.Results: The odds of excellent school performance were significantly lower for children with untreated dentinal caries (OR = 0.98; 95% CI: 0.96- 0.99). Children with caries- treated teeth showed greater odds of excellent school performance (OR = 1.41; 95% CI: 1.15- 1.74). Disease Control and PreventionNone of the den-tal conditions were significantly associated with children’s school attendance. A permissive parental style was associated with poor school attendance (OR = 2.63; 95% CI: 1.08- 6.42).Conclusion: Dental caries was associated with poor school performance but not with school attendance. Treated caries was associated with good school performance.acceptedVersio

Gestão da atenção básica em saúde bucal no Município de Fortaleza, Ceará, entre 1999 e 2006

This study assessed the degree of adequacy of Primary Care management in oral health in the city of Fortaleza, state of Ceará, Brazil, between 1999 and 2006. The employed methodology was based on a matrix of analysis including five dimensions: Planning and Programming, Management Support to Primary Care Professionals and Practices, Dental Assistance Offered, Health Services Utilization and Integrality of Care. The information was obtained from municipal health plans, management reports and analysis of secondary data from Sistema de Informação Ambulatorial (SIA-SUS - Outpatient Clinic Information System of Brazil's National Health System) and from IBGE (Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics). In addition, health indicators from the Primary Health Pact (2006) and information from oral health managers were analyzed. An improvement was observed in the first four dimensions of the matrix of analysis and only the dimension related to health services utilization declined during the period of the study. The trend of the oral health indicators was heterogeneous. While the oral health indicator "Coverage of the First Dental Consultation" decreased, the "Proportion of Specialized Dental Procedures in Relation to Individual Actions in Primary Care" showed a slight increase. It was concluded that the Primary Care management in oral health in the city of Fortaleza became adequate to the health surveillance model between 1999 and 2006. However, the decline in dental health services utilization, associated with the stability of the indicators of dental coverage and assistance, suggest the need to systematize the activities of planning and assessment of oral health actions in Primary Care in Fortaleza.Este estudo analisou o grau de adequação da gestão da Atenção Básica (AB) em saúde bucal no município de Fortaleza, Ceará, entre 1999 e 2006. A metodologia empregada teve como base uma matriz de análise de cinco dimensões: Planejamento e Programação, Suporte da Gestão aos Profissionais e às Práticas na AB, Oferta de Assistência Odontológica, Utilização de Serviços e Integralidade da Atenção. As informações foram obtidas de planos municipais de saúde, de relatórios de gestão e análise de dados secundários do Sistema de Informação Ambulatorial (SIA-SUS) e do IBGE. De maneira complementar, a partir da análise dos indicadores do Pacto da AB (2006), obtiveram-se informações com gestores de saúde bucal. Observou-se uma melhora nas quatro primeiras dimensões da matriz de análise, e apenas a dimensão relativa à utilização de serviços declinou no período. A tendência dos indicadores de saúde bucal foi heterogênea. Enquanto a "Cobertura de Primeira Consulta odontológica" reduziu, a "Proporção de procedimentos odontológicos especializados em relação às ações individuais da AB" apresentou discreto aumento. Concluiu-se que o município de Fortaleza apresentou adequação da gestão da AB em saúde bucal ao modelo de vigilância em saúde, entre 1999 e 2006. Entretanto, o declínio na utilização de serviços odontológicos associado à estabilidade dos indicadores de cobertura e assistência odontológica sugere a necessidade de sistematizar atividades de planejamento e avaliação das ações de saúde bucal na AB em Fortaleza

Gum health and quality of life-subjective experiences from across the gum health-disease continuum in adults

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Demographics, social position, dental status and oral health-related quality of life in community-dwelling older adults

PURPOSE: To identify demographic, socioeconomic and dental clinical predictors of oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in elderly people. METHODS: Cross-sectional study involving 613 elderly people aged 65–74 years in Manaus, Brazil. Interviews and oral examinations were carried out to collect demographic characteristics (age and sex) and socioeconomic data (income and education), dental clinical measures (DMFT, need of upper and lower dentures) and OHRQoL (GOHAI questionnaire). Structural equation modelling was used to estimate direct and indirect pathways between the variables. RESULTS: Being older predicted lower schooling but higher income. Higher income was linked to better dental status, which was linked to better OHRQoL. There were also indirect pathways. Age and education were linked to OHRQoL, mediated by clinical dental status. Income was associated with dental clinical status via education, and income predicted OHRQoL via education and clinical measures. CONCLUSION: Our findings elucidate the complex pathways between individual, environmental factors and clinical factors that may determine OHRQoL and support the application of public health approaches to improve oral health in older people

Making white spots disappear! Do minimally invasive treatments improve incisor opacities in children with molar incisor hypomineralisation?

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Patterns of unhealthy behaviours during adolescence and subsequent anxiety and depression in adulthood: a prospective register linkage study of the HUNT survey and health registries

Background There is increasing need for prospective investigations in the preventing role of health-related behaviours on mental health problems. The aim of this study is to identify patterns of health-related behaviours in adolescence, and the association between the behavioural patterns and the subsequent diagnoses and/or drug treatment for anxiety and/or depression in adulthood. Methods This prospective study consisted of 13–19-year-old participants in the Trøndelag Health Study (Young-HUNT3) in 2006–2008 (n = 2061, 1205 females and 856 males) in Norway, who also participated in HUNT4 (2017–2019). Survey data on health-related behaviours in adolescence, including low level of physical activity, low consumption of wholegrain bread, fish, fruit, vegetables and high consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and insomnia were linked on an individual level to prospective information on drug use and diagnosis in national health registries. The different patterns of health-related behaviours were identified through latent class analysis. Subsequent anxiety or depression was defined as at least one recording in either of three registries covering recorded diagnosis in primary and specialist healthcare, or dispensed prescription drugs during 2008–2019. Additionally, self-reported psychological distress measured in young adulthood was applied as a supplemental outcome measure. Results Four patterns of health-related behaviours were identified: high risk behaviours (class 1), moderate to high risk behaviours (class 2), low to moderate risk behaviours (class 3) and low risk behaviours (class 4). Adolescents in class 3 showed higher odds of subsequent diagnoses for anxiety and/or depression in primary and specialist healthcare compared to class 4 participants. In addition, both class 1 and class 4 participants had higher odds for self-reported psychological distress than those class 4 (OR = 1.56 and OR = 1.86, respectively). Conclusions Our findings suggest that health-related behaviours are clustered among Norwegian adolescents. The patterns of unhealthy behaviours during adolescence only partly increased the risk of anxiety and depression in adulthood. Promoting healthy behaviours during adolescence may potentially reduce the burden of mental illness in adulthood, but further research is needed to clarify the nature of the relationships.publishedVersio

Impact of community and individual social capital during early childhood on oral health-related quality of life: a 10-year prospective cohort study

Author's accepted manuscriptAim: To evaluate the impact of community and individual social capital during early childhood on oral healthrelated quality of life (OHRQoL) over a 10-year follow-up period. Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted in the southern Brazil. Baseline (T1) data collection occurred in 2010 with preschool children aged 1-5 years. Participants were assessed in 2012 (T2), 2017 (T3), and 2020 (T4). OHRQoL was assessed using the B-ECOHIS at T1 and T2 and through CPQ8-10 at T3 and CPQ11-14 at T4. Community social capital was evaluated through the presence of formal institutions in the neighbourhood and individual social capital by social networks, both at T1. Demographic and socioeconomic characteristics were also evaluated. Multilevel Poisson regression analysis was performed to estimate the impact of social capital measures on OHRQoL. Results: Of the 639 children assessed at T1, 469 were followed at T2 (73.3% response rate), 449 at T3 (70.3% response rate), and 429 at T4 (67.1% response rate). Individuals living in neighbourhoods with the presence of social class associations at T1 had higher OHRQoL at T3 and T4. Individuals whose families visit friends and neighbours less than once a month or never at T1 had lower OHRQoL at T1, T3 and T4. Attending religious meetings less than once a month or never at T1 was associated with lower OHRQoL at T2 and T4. Conclusion: Social capital at the community level had a long-term effect on OHRQoL, especially during adolescence, while individual social capital levels impacted OHRQoL across the assessments. Clinical Significance: The findings indicate that psychosocial variables can impact OHRQoL, a fundamental aspect of clinical practice.acceptedVersio