Luca Ronconi e Rafael Spregelburd: la simultaneità attraverso La Modestia

Argomento della mia tesi di laurea è l’analisi dello spettacolo teatrale La Modestia, del drammaturgo argentino Rafael Spregelburd, per la regia di Luca Ronconi. Lo spettacolo assume particolare rilevanza sia per le tematiche sia per la struttura drammaturgica del testo, diversa dai canoni tradizionali del teatro e intesa a spiazzare letteralmente lo spettatore nella ricostruzione della trama. Il testo è composto da due storie, delle quali non vengono forniti gli elementi temporali e spaziali per la loro comprensione. Non solo. Esse si fondono, si legano e hanno continui richiami l’una sull’altra, lasciando che sia lo spettatore a crearsi un proprio ordine nella comprensione della storia. Inoltre l’attenzione per questo spettacolo, mossa non solo da ragioni puramente tematiche, come il ruolo (non) svolto dalla parola, incapace di offrire chiarezza allo spettatore, è stata stimolata dall’interesse per le capacità metodologiche del regista. Infatti si porrà l’attenzione su come un regista affermato e famoso, come Luca Ronconi, si pone di fronte un testo della drammaturgia contemporanea, interpretandone in particolar modo le ragioni per cui la scelta è ricaduta su tale testo, e sul modo di analizzarne gli elementi drammaturgici per la messinscena finale. Per tale motivo, l’analisi dello spettacolo sarà preceduta da una ricostruzione della carriera attoriale e registica di Luca Ronconi, per coglierne gli elementi più importanti, al fine di offrire un quadro generale su una delle figure più influenti e importanti del teatro contemporaneo, ma soprattutto per cercare dei collegamenti tra lo spettacolo da me analizzato e quelli della sua carriera. La ricerca da me svolta, oltre che essersi basata sul materiale presente in biblioteca di dipartimento e su alcune testimonianze da parte di attori che sono stati diretti da Luca Ronconi, si è avvalsa anche della consultazione diretta degli archivi di teatri nazionali come il Piccolo Teatro di Milano e il Teatro Metastasio di Prato, in particolare per quanto riguarda la consultazione della rassegna stampa locale e nazionale, sia per quanto riguarda La modestia sia per spettacoli andati in scena nei rispettivi teatri. Inoltre vi sarà un capitolo che tratterà la figura del pittore Hieronymus Bosch, con l’analisi di alcune sue opere, delle tematiche e dello stile da lui adottato, data l’enorme influenza che quest’ultimo ha avuto sul drammaturgo Spregelburd, al punto da inserirlo nella sua raccolta intitolata “Eptalogia di Hieronymus Bosch” e che prende spunto dalla sua tavola sui sette peccati capitali (I sette peccati capitali), che il drammaturgo argentino ha interpretato in chiave moderna. La modestia è una di questi, gli altri sono: La stravaganza, L’inappetenza, La cocciutaggine, Il panico, La paranoia e La stupidità. Sarà presente, oltre che una breve analisi di queste ultime opere, anche una biografia del suo autore, il drammaturgo Rafael Spregelburd. Seguirà l’analisi dello spettacolo, che ho avuto modo di vedere sia direttamente dal vivo al Teatro Verdi di Pisa sia in video, tramite l’archivio del Piccolo Teatro di Milano. Per quanto concerne la descrizione dello spettacolo, essa comprenderà l’analisi, scena per scena, dei suoi aspetti puramente tecnici come la scenografia, l’illuminotecnica e i costumi, sia gli aspetti che riguardano la semiotica dello spettacolo, come l’interpretazione dei personaggi da parte degli attori, e la relazione sia tra loro sia con gli elementi presenti in palcoscenico. Inoltre si analizzeranno anche le reazioni del pubblico, sia quelle degli spettatori presenti in sala sia quelle della critica giornalistica. Per concludere saranno presenti alcune testimonianze di attori che hanno lavorato negli spettacoli di Luca Ronconi, oltre che un’intervista da me compiuta a Ronconi stesso, dove ho avuto modo di fargli delle domande riguardanti sia l’approccio registico nei confronti del testo La modestia, sia alcune curiosità e opinioni riguardo alla sua concezione del teatro in generale

Photodinamic therapy with toipical aminolevulinic acid for the treatment of plantar warts

Aim. treatment currently employed for plantar warts (PW) are often painfl and poorly effective. This study evaluates the effect of photodynamic therapy (PDT) with δ-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) on PW. Methods. Before treatment, the superficial hyperkeratotic layer of warts was removed by the application, for 7 days, of an ointment containing 10% urea and 10% salicylic acid. Then, after gentle curettage, a cream containing 20% ALA was applied under occlusive dressing for 3h on 3 patients with 84 warts, while 30 patients with 62 warts (controls) receveid only base cream. Both groups were irradiated using a visible light lamp (range 400-700 n, peaking at 630 nm). The light dose was 50 J/cm2 each session. Patients were followed-up for 12 months. During the treatemtn some patients referred mild burning sensation or slight pain. The absorption of ALA in warts was investigated and demonstrated by in vivo fluorescence spectroscopy. Results. Two months after the last irradiative session, 84.5% of the ALA-PDT treated lesions and 22.5% of controls had resolved. Conclusions. The results of this study suggest that topical ALA-PDT can be considered as alternative treatment for PW

Safety and efficacy of tranexamic acid for prevention of obstetric haemorrhage. An updated systematic review and meta-analysis

Background. A number of clinical systematic review and meta-analysis have been published on the use of tranexamic in the obstetric setting. The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of tranexamic acid in reducing blood loss when given prior to caesarean delivery. Materials and methods. We searched the Cochrane Wounds Specialized Register, Cochrane Central, MEDLINE (through PUBMED), Embase, and SCOPUS electronic databases. We also searched clinical trials registries for ongoing and unpublished studies, and checked reference lists to identify additional studies. We used no restrictions with respect to language and date of publication. Two review authors independently performed study selection, "Risk of bias" assessment, and data extraction. Initial disagreements were resolved by discussion, or by including a third review author when necessary. Results. We found 18 randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that met our inclusion criteria. Overall, 1,764 women receiving intravenous tranexamic acid for prevention of bleeding following caesarean sections and 1,793 controls receiving placebo were enrolled in the 18 RCTs evaluated. The use of tranexamic acid compared to controls (placebo or no intervention) reduces post-partum haemorrhage >400 mL (risk ratio [RR] 0.40, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.24-0.65; 5 trials with a total of 786 participants), severe post-partum haemorrhage >1,000 mL (RR 0.32, 95% CI: 0.12-0.84; 5 trials with a total of 1,850 participants), and need for red blood cell transfusion (RR 0.30, 95% CI: 0.18-0.49; 10 trials with a total of 1,873 participants). No particular safety concerns on the use of this antifibrinolytic agent emerged from the analysis of the 18 RCTs included. Discussion. Overall, the results of this meta-analysis support the evidence of a beneficial effect of tranexamic acid in reducing blood loss and need for blood transfusion in pregnant women undergoing caesarean section

Data Compression Approach for Long-Term Monitoring of Pavement Structures

Pavement structures are designed to withstand continuous damage during their design life. Damage starts as soon as the pavement is open to traffic and increases with time. If maintenance activities are not considered in the initial design or considered but not applied during the service life, damage will grow to a point where rehabilitation may be the only and most expensive option left. In order to monitor the evolution of damage and its severity in pavement structures, a novel data compression approach based on cumulative measurements from a piezoelectric sensor is presented in this paper. Specifically, the piezoelectric sensor uses a thin film of polyvinylidene fluoride to sense the energy produced by the micro deformation generated due to the application of traffic loads. Epoxy solution has been used to encapsulate the membrane providing hardness and flexibility to withstand the high-loads and the high-temperatures during construction of the asphalt layer. The piezoelectric sensors have been exposed to three months of loading (approximately 1.0 million loads of 65 kN) at the French Institute of Science and Technology for Transport, Development and Networks (IFSTTAR) fatigue carrousel. Notably, the sensors survived the construction and testing. Reference measurements were made with a commercial conventional strain gauge specifically designed for measurements in hot mix asphalt layers. Results from the carrousel successfully demonstrate that the novel approach can be considered as a good indicator of damage progression, thus alleviating the need to measure strains in pavement for the purpose of damage tracking

Problems Associated With the Assessment of Local Site Effects Through a Multidisciplinary Integrated Study: The Case of Fivizzano’s Town (Italy)

The evaluation of local site effects, by means of ground response analyses, is a very complex and difficult task, which requires a multidisciplinary approach. This is operative philosophy expressed by VEL Project (Valutazione degli Effetti Locali), sponsored by Tuscany Region, to the aim to seismic risk characterization in the main seismic areas (i.e. Garfagnana, Lunigiana, Amiata, Valtiberina and Mugello). One of the most important urban centres, involved in the multidisciplinary activity of the VEL project, is certainly the town of Fivizzano located nearby the city of Massa, which was strongly damaged during the earthquake of September 1920 (the strongest seismic event occurred in Northern Apennines in the latest centuries). Remarkably good macroseismic information is available about the destructive impact yielded at Fivizzano by this earthquake (e.g. number of casualties, level of damage of buildings, etc). The main objective of this paper is to identify the occurrence of possible local site effects in the Fivizzano’s area following the 1920 earthquake and to quantify them by means of one and two-dimensional site response analysis. The input data required for study were obtained through a comprehensive geological survey and a multi disciplinary underground exploration of the area

Linear and nonlinear fractional hereditary constitutive laws of asphalt mixtures

The aim of this paper is to propose a fractional viscoelastic and viscoplastic model of asphalt mixtures using experimental data of several tests such as creep and creep recovery performed at different temperatures and at different stress levels. From a best fitting procedure it is shown that both the creep one and recovery curve follow a power law model. It is shown that the suitable model for asphalt mixtures is a dashpot and a fractional element arranged in series. The proposed model is also available outside of the linear domain but in this case the parameters of the model depend on the stress level

Lista bibliografica

Questa lista bibliografica contiene il secondo aggiornamento della bibliografia della Lisy e deriva dall’assemblaggio da parte della redazione (M. Serdoz ed E. Panfili) dei contributi parziali stilati dai gruppi regionali

Historical Isolation versus Recent Long-Distance Connections between Europe and Africa in Bifid Toadflaxes (Linaria sect. Versicolores)

Background: Due to its complex, dynamic and well-known paleogeography, the Mediterranean region provides an ideal framework to study the colonization history of plant lineages. The genus Linaria has its diversity centre in the Mediterranean region, both in Europe and Africa. The last land connection between both continental plates occurred during the Messinian Salinity Crisis, in the late Miocene (5.96 to 5.33 Ma). Methodology/Principal Findings: We analyzed the colonization history of Linaria sect. Versicolores (bifid toadflaxes), which includes c. 22 species distributed across the Mediterranean, including Europe and Africa. Two cpDNA regions (rpl32-trnL UAG and trnK-matK) were sequenced from 66 samples of Linaria. We conducted phylogenetic, dating, biogeographic and phylogeographic analyses to reconstruct colonization patterns in space and time. Four major clades were found: two of them exclusively contain Iberian samples, while the other two include northern African samples together with some European samples. The bifid toadflaxes have been split in African and European clades since the late Miocene, and most lineage and speciation differentiation occurred during the Pliocene and Quaternary. We have strongly inferred four events of post-Messinian colonization following long-distance dispersal from northern Africa to the Iberian Peninsula, Sicily and Greece. Conclusions/Significance: The current distribution of Linaria sect. Versicolores lineages is explained by both ancien