La digitalisation et son rôle dans la performance des administrations publiques au Maroc

This article of the conceptual literature, more theoretical than practical, aims to analyze the role of digitization in the performance of Moroccan public administrations. In a context of national and global competitiveness, Moroccan companies, municipalities and public administrations are called upon to improve management, optimize the process of their management and remain open to information technologies. The transition to e-government is an imperative imposed by global changes, scientific and technical progress, and the constant demand to increase the quality of outputs and ensure the integrity of operations, so the idea of the integration of participation and use of information has become one of the determinants of success for any institution. The time factor is also considered one of the most important areas of competition between institutions. Indeed, the field of electronic management is also one of the most important technological paths in which the speed of using information has merged with the availability of services in the shortest possible time, and most institutions and governments have embraced this trend and it has become one of the most important criteria by which the distinction and progress of institutions and nations are measured in this century. Therefore, the transition from traditional public administration to an electronic one in its various institutions and departments is necessary. The objective of this article is to present a presentation in which we will generally address the subject of the digitalization of Moroccan public administrations, its advantages, the challenges to be met, the issues and a set of suggestions and recommendations which, in together, will contribute to developing the application of electronic management in Moroccan establishments.   Keywords: digitalization, public administration, electronic administration, traditional administration, digitizing public services, ICT, public administration in Morocco Classification JEL: H83. Type of article: theoretical articleCet article, de la littérature conceptuelle, plus théorique que pratique, vise à analyser le rôle de la digitalisation dans la performance des administrations publiques marocaines. Dans un contexte de compétitivité nationale et mondiale, les sociétés marocaines, les communes et les administrations publiques sont appelées à améliorer le pilotage, optimiser le processus de leur gestion et rester ouvertes aux technologies d’information. Le passage à l'administration électronique est un impératif imposé par les changements globaux, le progrès scientifique et technique et la demande constante d'augmenter la qualité des extrants et d'assurer l'intégrité des opérations, de sorte que l'idée d'intégration de participation et d'utilisation de l'information est devenue l'un des déterminants du succès pour toute institution. Le facteur temps est également considéré comme l'un des domaines de concurrence les plus importants entre les institutions. En effet, le domaine de la gestion électronique est également l'une des voies technologiques les plus importantes dans lesquelles la vitesse d'utilisation de l'information a fusionné avec la disponibilité des services dans les plus brefs délais, et la plupart des institutions et des gouvernements ont adopté cette tendance et elle est devenue l'un des critères les plus importants par lesquels la distinction et le progrès des institutions et des nations sont mesurés au cours de ce siècle. Par conséquent, le passage de l’administration publique traditionnelle à une autre électronique dans ses différentes institutions et départements s’avère nécessaire. L’objectif de cet article est de présenter un exposé dans lequel on abordera d’une façon générale le sujet de la digitalisation des administrations publiques marocaines, ses avantages, les défis à relever, les enjeux et un ensemble de suggestions et de recommandations qui, dans leur ensemble, contribueront à développer l'application de la gestion électronique dans les établissements marocains.   Mots clés : digitalisation, administration publique, administration électronique, administration traditionnelle, digitaliser les services publics, TIC, administration publique au Maroc. Classification JEL : H83 Type de l’article : article théoriqu

True and false DRM memories: differences detected with an implicit task

Memory is prone to illusions. When people are presented with lists of words associated with a non-presented critical lure, they produce a high level of false recognitions (false memories) for non-presented related stimuli indistinguishable, at the explicit level, from presented words (DRM paradigm). We assessed whether true and false DRM memories can be distinguished at the implicit level by using the autobiographical IAT (aIAT), a novel method based on indirect measures that permits to detect true autobiographical events encoded in the respondent's mind/brain. In our experiment, after a DRM task participants performed two aIATs: the first aimed at testing implicit memory for presented words (true-memories aIAT) and the second aimed at evaluating implicit memory for critical lures (false-memories aIAT). Specifically, the two aIATs assessed the association of presented words and critical lures with the logical dimension "true." Results showed that the aIAT detected a greater association of presented words than critical lures with the logical dimension "true."This result indicates that although true and false DRM memories are indistinguishable at the explicit level a different association of the true and false DRM memories with the logical dimension "true" can be detected at the implicit level, and suggests that the aIAT may be a sensitive instrument to detect differences between true and false DRM memories. © 2012 Marini, Agosta, Mazzoni, Dalla Barba and Sartori

Experimental and Numerical Analysis of the Hydrodynamics around a Vertical Cylinder in Waves

The present study provides an extensive analysis on the hydrodynamics induced by a vertical slender pile under wave action. The authors carried out the study both experimentally and numerically, thus enabling a deep understanding of the flow physics. The experiments took place at a wave flume of the Universita Politecnica delle Marche. Two different experimental campaigns were performed: In the former one, a mobile bed model was realized with the aims to study both the scour process and the hydrodynamics around the cylinder; in the latter one, the seabed was rigid in order to make undisturbed optical measurements, providing a deeper analysis of the hydrodynamics. The numerical investigation was made by performing a direct numerical simulation. A second order numerical discretization, both in time and in space, was used to solve the Navier-Stokes equations while a volume of fluid (VOF) approach was adopted for tracking the free surface. The comparison between experimental and numerical results is provided in terms of velocity, pressure distributions around the cylinder, and total force on it. The analysis of the pressure gradient was used to evaluate the generation and evolution of vortices around the cylinder. Finally, the relation between scour and bed shear stresses due to the structure of the vortex pattern around the pile was assessed. It is worth noting that the physical understanding of this last analysis was enabled by the combined use of experimental data on scour and numerical data on the flow pattern

DIAMOND WIRE – STONE INTERACTION DURING THE CUTTING PROCESS: MECHANICAL, PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL INVESTIGATIONS

Stone cutting with diamond wires results in the progressive and concurrent wear of the naturalstone and the cutting tool (diamond wires - diamond beads). This phenomenon has beeninvestigated since the beginning of stone machining, but there are still several open questionsconcerning the parameters controlling it. The aim of this study is to establish correlations betweenthe natural stone mineralogical composition and the diamond wires cut performance in terms ofefficiency, productivity and diamond beads consumption. This investigation requires amultidisciplinary approach. Microscopic analysis have been done in order to investigate the wearprocesses of the diamond beads in terms of super-abrasive grains (diamond grits) damage andpull out. Petrographic analysis and mineralogical investigation have been considered in order tocorrelate the removal rate during the cutting action with the characteristics of the stones. Mudsderived from cutting have been characterized for the complete comprehension of the cuttingprocess. The erosion analysis concerned both stone debris and diamond beads, characterizingboth the metal powder and super-abrasive grains (diamond) in the cut waste (mud). Moreover, themetal matrix is the core of the diamond wire technology and it drives cutting performance andefficiency

Isolating the Role of Bone Lacunar Morphology on Static and Fatigue Fracture Progression through Numerical Simulations

Currently, the onset of bone damage and the interaction of cracks with the surrounding micro-architecture are still black boxes. With the motivation to address this issue, our research targets isolating lacunar morphological and densitometric effects on crack advancement under both static and cyclic loading conditions by implementing static extended finite element models (XFEM) and fatigue analyses. The effect of lacunar pathological alterations on damage initiation and progression is evaluated; the results indicate that high lacunar density considerably reduces the mechanical strength of the specimens, resulting as the most influencing parameter among the studied ones. Lacunar size has a lower effect on mechanical strength, reducing it by 2%. Additionally, specific lacunar alignments play a key role in deviating the crack path, eventually slowing its progression. This could shed some light on evaluating the effects of lacunar alterations on fracture evolution in the presence of pathologies