Status Report Of The Schenberg Gravitational Wave Antenna

Here we present a status report of the Schenberg antenna. In the past three years it has gone to a radical upgrading operation, in which we have been installing a 1K pot dilution refrigerator, cabling and amplifiers for nine transducer circuits, designing a new suspension and vibration isolation system for the microstrip antennas, and developing a full set of new transducers, microstrip antennas, and oscillators. We are also studying an innovative approach, which could transform Schenberg into a broadband gravitational wave detector.3631Aguiar, O.D., (2002) Class. Quantum Grav., 19, p. 1949Aguiar, O.D., (2004) Class. Quantum Grav., 21, pp. S457Aguiar, O.D., (2005) Class. Quantum Grav., 22, pp. S209Aguiar, O.D., (2006) Class. Quantum Grav., 23, pp. S239Aguiar, O.D., (2008) Class. Quantum Grav., 25, p. 114042Costa, C.A., (2008) Class. Quantum Grav., 25, p. 184002Johnson, W.W., Merkowitz, S.M., (1993) Phys. Rev. Lett., 70, p. 2367Coccia, E., Lobo, J.A., Ortega, J.A., (1995) Phys. Rev. D, 52, p. 3735Thorne, K.S., (1978) Phys. Rev. Lett., 40, p. 667Tobar, M.E., Ivanov, E.N., Blair, D.G., (2000) Gen. Rel. Grav., 32, p. 1799De Waard, (2005) Class. Quantum Grav., 22, pp. S215Vinet, J.-Y., (2010) Research in Astron Astrophys., 10, p. 956Costa, C.A., Aguiar, O.D., Magalhães, N.S., (2004) Class. Quantum Grav., 21, pp. S827Forward, R.L., (1971) Gen. Rel. Grav., 2, p. 149Eardley, D.M., Lee, D.L., Lightman, A.P., Wagoner, R.V., Will, C.M., (1973) Phys. Rev. Lett., 30, p. 884Bianchi, M., Coccia, E., Colacino, C.N., Fafone, V., Fucito, F., (1996) Class. Quantum Grav., 13, p. 2865Andrade, L.A., (2009) Microwave and Optical Tech. Lett., 51, p. 1120Furtado, S.R., (2012), in preparationIvanov, E.N., Hartnett, J.G., Tobar, M.E., (2000) IEEE Trans. Ultrason., Ferroelect., Freq. Contr., 47, p. 1526Pimentel, G.L., (2008) J. Phys. Conf. Series, 122, p. 012028Aguiar, (2009) Int. J. Modern Phys. D, 18, p. 2317Furtado, S.R., (2009), Ph.D. Thesis at INPE, not publishedBraginsky, V.B., Vorontsov, Y.I., Thorne, K.S., (1980) Science, 209, p. 547Thorne, K.S., The Quantum Limit for Gravitational-Wave Detectors and Methods of Circumventing It (1979) Sources of Gravitational Waves, p. 49. , ed. L L Smarr, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, US

The Status Of The Brazilian Spherical Detector

The first phase of the Brazilian Graviton Project is the construction and operation of the gravitational wave detector Mario Schenberg at the Physics Institute of the University of São Paulo. This gravitational wave spherical antenna is planned to feature a sensitivity better than h = 10 -21Hz-1/2 at the 3.0-3.4 kHz bandwidth, and to work not only as a detector, but also as a testbed for the development of new technologies. Here we present the status of this detector.19719491953Forward, R.L., (1971) Gen. Rel. Grav., 2, p. 149Wagoner, R.V., Paik, H.-J., (1977) Proc. Academia Nationale dei Lincei, Int. Symp. on Experimental Gravitation, (Pavia, Italy, Sept. 1976), p. 257Johnson, W.W., Merkowitz, S.M., (1993) Phys. Rev. Lett., 70, p. 2367Coccia, E., (1997) 14th Int. Conf. on General Relativity and Gravitational (Florence, 1995), p. 103. , Singapore: World ScientificWaard, A., Frossati, G., (2000) AIP Conf. Proc. Vol 523, 523, p. 268. , Proc. 3rd Edoardo Amaldi Conf. on Gravitational Waves (Pasadena, CA, 1999) (New York: American Institute of Physics)Frossati, G., (1997) Proc. 1st Int. Workshop of Omnidirectional Gravitational Radiation Observatory (São José dos Campos, Brazil, May 26-31, 1996), p. 179. , ed W F Velloso O D Aguiar and N S Magalhães (Singapore: World Scientific)(2000) AIP Conf. Proc. Vol 523, 523. , Proc. 3rd Edoardo Amaldi Conf. on Gravitational Waves (Pasadena, CA, 1999) (New York: American Institute of Physics) (2000)De Waard, A., Gottardi, L., Frossati, G., (2002) Class. Quantum Grav., 19, p. 1935Wagoner, R.V., (1984) Astrophys. J., 278, p. 345Schutz, B.F., (1997) Relativistic Astrophysics and Gravitational Radiation, , ed J-A Marck and J-P Lasota (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press)Anderson, N., Kokkotas, K.D., (1996) Phys. Rev. Lett., 77, p. 4134Anderson, N., Araújo, M.E., Schutz, B.F., (1993) Class. Quantum Grav., 10, p. 757Friedman, J.L., Ipser, J.R., Parker, L., (1989) Phys. Rev. Lett., 62, p. 3015Haensel, P., Lasota, J.P., Zdunik, J.L., 1999 Preprint astro-ph/9905036Nakamura, T., Sasaki, M., Tanaka, T., Thorne, K.S., (1997) Astrophys. J., 487, pp. L139Thorne, K.S., (1987) 300 Years of Gravitation, p. 330. , ed S Hawking and W Israel (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press)Harry, G.M., Stevenson, T.R., Paik, H.-J., (1996) Phys. Rev. D, 54, p. 2409De Araújo, J.C.N., Miranda, O.D., Aguiar, O.D., (2001) Astrophys. J., 550, p. 368Meliani, M.T., De Araújo, J.C.N., Aguiar, O.D., (2000) Astron. Astrophys., 358, p. 417De Araújo, J.C.N., Miranda, O.D., Aguiar, O.D., (2000) Phys. Rev. D, 61, p. 124015Novello, M., Lorenci, V.A., Freitas, L., Aguiar, O.D., (1999) Phys. Lett. A, 254, p. 245Mosquera Cuesta, H.J., De Araújo, J.C.N., Aguiar, O.D., Horvath, J.E., (1998) Phys. Rev. Lett., 80, p. 2988Velloso W.F., Jr., Melo, J.L., Aguiar, O.D., (2000) Rev. Sci. Instrum., 71, p. 2552Magalhães, N.S., Aguiar, O.D., Frajuca, C., Marinho R.M., Jr., (2001) Nucl. Instrum. Methods A, 457, p. 175Magalhães, N.S., Johnson, W.W., Frajuca, C., Aguiar, O.D., (1997) Astrophys. J., 475, p. 462Magalhães, N.S., Aguiar, O.D., Frajuca, C., (1997) Gen. Rel. Grav., 29, p. 1511Magalhães, N.S., Johnson, W.W., Frajuca, C., Aguiar, O.D., (1995) Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 274, p. 67

The Gravitational Wave Detector "mario Schenberg": Status Of The Project

The first phase of the Brazilian Graviton Project is the construction and operation of the gravitational wave detector Mario Schenberg at the Physics Institute of the University of São Paulo. This gravitational wave spherical antenna is planned to feature a sensitivity better than h = 10-21 Hz-1/2 at the 3.0-3.4 kHz bandwidth, and to work not only as a detector, but also as a testbed for the development of new technologies. Here we present the status of this detector.324866868notenoteForward, R.L., (1971) General Relativity and Gravitation, 2, p. 149Wagoner, R.V., Paik, H.-J., (1976) Proceedings of the Academia Nazionale dei Lincei, International Symposium on Experimental Gravitation, p. 257. , Pavia, Italy, SeptJohnson, W.W., Merkowitz, S.M., (1993) Physical Review Letters, 70, p. 2367Coccia, E., (1995) 14th International Conference on General Relativity and Gravitational, p. 103. , Florence, World Scientific, SingaporeWaard, A., Frossati, G., Proceedings of the third Edoardo Amaldi conference on gravitational waves (1999) AIP Conference Proceedings, 523, p. 268. , Pasadena, California. American Institute of PhysicsFrossati, G., (1996) Proceeding of the First International Workshop of Omnidirectional Gravitational Radiation Observatory, p. 179. , São José dos Campos, Brazil, May 26-31, edited by W. F. Velloso, O. D. Aguiar, and N. S. Magalhães, World Scientific, Singapore(2001), www.minigrail.nlProceedings of the third Edoardo Amaldi conference on gravitational waves (1999) AIP Conference Proceedings, 523. , Pasadena, California. American Institute of PhysicsWagoner, R.V., (1984) Ap. J., 278, p. 345Schutz, B.F., (1997) Relativistic Astrophysics and Gravitational Radiation, , eds. J-A. Marck and J-P. Lasota, Cambridge Univ. PressAnderson, N., Kokkotas, K.D., (1996) Phys. Rev. Lett., 77, p. 4134Anderson, N., Araújo, M.E., Schutz, B.F., (1993) Class. Quantum Grav., 10, p. 757Friedman, J.L., Ipser, J.R., Parker, L., (1989) Phys. Rev. Lett., 62, p. 3015Haensel, P., Lasota, J.-P., Zdunik, J.L., 1999 preprint (astro-ph/9905036)Nakamura, T., Sasaki, M., Tanaka, T., Thorne, K.S., (1997) Ap. J., 487, pp. L139Thorne, K.S., (1987) 300 Years of Gravitation, p. 330. , edited by S. Hawking and W. Israel, Cambridge Univ. Press, CambridgeHarry, G.M., Stevenson, T.R., Paik, H.-J., (1996) Phys. Rev., D54, p. 2409De Araujo, J.C.N., Miranda, O.D., Aguiar, O.D., (2001) Ap. J., 550, p. 368Meliani, M.T., De Araujo, J.C.N., Aguiar, O.D., (2000) Astron. Astrophys., 358, p. 417De Araujo, J.C.N., Miranda, O.D., Aguiar, O.D., (2000) Phys. Rev., D61, p. 124015Novelle, M., Lorenci, V.A., Freitas, L., Aguiar, O.D., (1999) Phys. Lett., A 254, p. 245Mosquera-Cuesta, H.J., De Araujo, J.C.N., Aguiar, O.D., Horvath, J.E., (1998) Phys. Rev. Lett., 80, p. 2988Velloso W.F., Jr., Melo, J.L., Aguiar, O.D., (2000) Rev. Sci. Instrum., 71, p. 2552Magalhães, N.S., Aguiar, O.D., Frajuca, C., Marinho R.M., Jr., (2001) Nucl. Instrum. Meth. Phys. Res., A457, p. 175Magalhães, N.S., Aguiar, O.D., Frajuca, C., Marinho R.M., Jr., Chiang, J., (2001) Nucl. Instrum. Meth. Phys. Res., , in pressMarinho R.M., Jr., Magalhães, N.S., Aguiar, O.D., Frajuca, C., (2001) Phys. Rev. D, , in pressMagalhẽs, N.S., Johnson, W.W., Frajuca, C., Aguiar, O.D., (1997) Ap. J., 475, p. 462Magalhães, N.S., Aguiar, O.D., Frajuca, C., (2001) Phys. Rev. D, , in pressMagalhães, N.S., Aguiar, O.D., Frajuca, C., (1997) Gen. Rel. Grav., 29, p. 1511Magalhães, N.S., Johnson, W.W., Frajuca, C., Aguiar, O.D., (1995) Mon. Not. R. Astr. Soc, 274, p. 67

The gravitational wave detector Mario Schenberg: status of the project

The first phase of the Brazilian Graviton Project is the construction and operation of the gravitational wave detector Mario Schenberg at the Physics Institute of the University of São Paulo. This gravitational wave spherical antenna is planned to feature a sensitivity better than h = 10-21 Hz-1/2 at the 3.0-3.4 kHz bandwidth, and to work not only as a detector, but also as a testbed for the development of new technologies. Here we present the status of this detector.866868Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES

The Schenberg Spherical Antenna: Status Report

We present a status report of the SCHENBERG antenna, which started commissioning runs in September 2006 under the full support of FAPESP. In the past year, however, it has undergone a radical upgrading operation, in which we have been installing a 1K pot dilution refrigerator, cabling and amplifiers for nine transducers circuits, and a new suspension and vibration isolation system for the cabling and microstrip antennas. We also have been developing a new set of transducers, microwave oscillators, microstrip antenna pairs, and studying an innovative approach, which could transform SCHENBERG into a broadband gravitational wave detector. Copyright © 2012 by World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd.16491651United Nations Educational Scientific,and Cultural Organization (UNESCO),International Union of Pure and Applied Physics (IUPAP),National Science Foundation (NSF),Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA)Aguiar, O.D., (2002) Class. Quantum Grav., 19, p. 1949Aguiar, O.D., (2004) Class. Quantum Grav., 21, pp. S457Aguiar, O.D., (2005) Class. Quantum Grav., 22, pp. S209Aguiar, O.D., (2006) Class. Quantum Grav., 23, pp. S239Aguiar, O.D., (2008) Class. Quantum Grav., 25, p. 114042Aguiar, O.D., (2009) Int. J. Mod. Phys. D, 18, p. 231

The Brazilian Gravitational Wave Detector Mario Schenberg: Status Report

The Mario Schenberg gravitational wave detector has been constructed at its site in the Physics Institute of the University of São Paulo as programmed by the Brazilian Graviton Project, under the full support of FAPESP (the São Paulo State Foundation for Research Support). We are preparing it for a first commissioning run of the spherical antenna at 4.2 K with three parametric transducers and an initial target sensitivity of h ∼ 2 × 10-21 Hz-1/2 in a 60 Hz bandwidth around 3.2 kHz. Here we present the status of this project. © 2006 IOP Publishing Ltd.238S239S244Forward, R.L., (1971) Gen. Rel. Grav., 2, p. 149Bianchi, M., Al, E., (1996) Class. Quantum Grav., 13 (11), p. 2865Merkowitz, S.M., Johnson, W.W., (1995) Phys. Rev., 51 (6), p. 2546Johnson, W.W., Merkowitz, S.M., (1993) Phys. Rev. Lett., 70 (16), p. 2367Coccia, E., Lobo, J.A., Ortega, J.A., (1995) Phys. Rev., 52 (6), p. 3735Aguiar, O.D., Al, E., (2002) Class. Quantum Grav., 19 (7), p. 1949Tobar, M.E., Ivanov, E.N., Blair, D.G., (2000) Gen. Rel. Grav., 32 (9), p. 1799De Waard, (2005) Class. Quantum Grav., 22 (10), p. 215Aguiar, O.D., Al, E., (2000) Proc. 3rd Edoardo Amaldi Conf. on Gravitational Waves, p. 413Tobar, M.E., (2000) Physica, 280 (1-4), p. 520Heffner, H., (1962) Proc. IRE, p. 1604Harry, G.M., Stevenson, T.R., Paik, H.-J., (1995) Phys. Rev., 54 (4), p. 2409Richard, J.-P., (1984) Phys. Rev. Lett., 52 (3), p. 165Pang, Y., Richard, J.-P., (1992) Rev. Sci. Instrum., 63 (1), p. 5

The Brazilian Gravitational Wave Detector Mario Schenberg: Progress And Plans

The Schenberg gravitational wave detector is almost completed for operation at its site in the Physics Institute of the University of São Paulo, under the full support of FAPESP (the São Paulo State Foundation for Research Support). We have been working on the development of a transducer system, which will be installed after the arrival of all the microwave components and the completion of the transducer mechanical parts. The initial plan is to operate a CuAl6% two-mode parametric transducer in a first operational run at 4.2 K with nine transducers and an initial target sensitivity of h ∼ 2 × 10-21 Hz-1/2 in a 50 Hz bandwidth around 3.2 kHz. Here we present details of this plan and some recent results of the development of this project. © 2005 IOP Publishing Ltd.2210S209S214Florides, P.S., (2005) Proc. 17th Int. Conf. on General Relativity and GravitationFafone, V., Resonant-mass detectors (2004) Class. Quantum Grav., 21 (5), p. 377De Waard, A., Gottardi, L., Frossati, G., (2005) Class. Quantum Grav.Aguiar, O.D., (2002) Class. Quantum Grav., 19 (7), p. 1949Tobar, M.E., Ivanov, E.N., Blair, D.G., (2000) Gen. Rel. Grav., 32 (9), p. 1799Aguiar, O.D., (2000) Proc. 3rd Edoardo Amaldi Conf. on Gravitational Waves, p. 413De Waard, A., Gottardi, L., Frossati, G., (2002) Class. Quantum Grav., 21, p. 465De Souza, S.T., (2003) Master DissertationAguiar, O.D., (2004) Class. Quantum Grav., 21 (5), p. 457Harry, G.M., Stevenson, T.R., Paik, H.-J., (1995) Phys. Rev. D, 54 (4), p. 2409Richard, J.-P., (1984) Phys. Rev. Lett., 52 (3), p. 165Pang, Y., Richard, J.-P., (1992) Rev. Sci. Instrum., 63 (1), p. 56Tobar, M.E., (2000) Physica B, 280 (1-4), p. 520Heffner, H., (1962) Proc. IRE, p. 160

Perdas de solo e água em plantio de Acacia mangium wild e savana em Roraima, norte da Amazônia Soil and water losses in Acacia mangium wild plantations and natural savanna in Roraima, northern Amazon

Plantios florestais de Acacia mangium constituem uma alternativa cada vez mais adotada em áreas de savanas do norte da Amazônia (Roraima) e podem causar alterações significativas de características do solo. Neste sentido, o objetivo deste estudo foi determinar perdas de solo e de água por erosão, que ocorrem em escoamento superficial (run off) em savana nativa e plantios de acácia na região Amazônica. Para isso, foram instaladas em duas fazendas, Santa Rita e Araçá, localizadas no município de Bonfim, na região da Serra da Lua, calhas coletoras de sedimentos, acopladas a caixas d'água, em Argissolo Vermelho-Amarelo. Foram determinadas a granulometria, a densidade aparente (Dap), a resistência à penetração (RP) e a velocidade de infiltração (VIB), bem como parâmetros físicos relacionados a perdas de solo. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos ao acaso, com três tratamentos: cobertura natural de savana (SV), plantio de Acacia mangium com um ano de idade (P1) e plantio de Acacia mangium com quatro anos de idade (P4), em três repetições. O experimento teve a duração de 12 meses (setembro de 2006 a agosto de 2007). Os resultados indicaram maiores perdas de solo e de água no plantio mais recente de acácia (P1), de savana nativa e do plantio com 4 anos (P4). Os resultados foram atribuídos à exposição do solo no período inicial de desenvolvimento da planta, ao selamento superficial e à coesão do solo. O pico de perdas de solo ocorreu nos meses de abril a agosto, sendo o tipo de cobertura vegetal o fator determinante para redução das perdas de solo e de água por erosão, sendo que as práticas de plantio no sentido do declive provavelmente agravaram as perdas de solo nos plantios de Acácia. Neste trabalho, a densidade do solo e o teor de matéria orgânica não representaram bons indicadores do tipo de manejo adotado na área.<br>As an alternative land use of savanna areas in Roraima, commercial forest stands of Acacia mangium are being increasingly implemented. The purpose of this study was the in situ determination of soil and water losses in commercial stands of Acacia mangium and compare them with those under native savanna. The experiment was conducted on a Red-Yellow Argisol (Ultisol) in the region of Serra da Lua where Gerlach sediment and water collectors were installed. Soil density, texture, penetration resistance and infiltration rate were determined. All climate data were recorded by an automatic weather station placed within the experimental area. The experiment had a randomized block design with three treatments: one-year-old Acacia stand (P1), four-year-old Acacia stand (P4); and native savanna (SV). All experimental data were collected within one year. Results indicated that greater soil and water losses occurred in younger Acacia plantations (P1), followed by savanna (SV) and four-year-old Acacia stands (P4). This was attributed to great soil exposure just after planting, when Acacia trees had not yet developed a good soil cover in these sealing-prone soils. The peak of soil and water loss occurred between April and August, and the practice of downslope planting aggravated soil erosion in Acacia stands. Soil bulk density or organic matter contents were not considered good management indicators for this area