N-gram Based Croatian Language Network: Application in a Smart Environment

In the field of natural language processing, language networks represent a method for observing linguistic units and their interactions in different linguistic contexts. This paper uses the previously presented Croatian language network for building a solution capable of generating spoken notifications in Croatian language. The novelty of this paper is that it proposes an approach for generating spoken notifications in smart environments by combining specialized services that enable interaction with the environment and human users. The process employed for generating spoken notifications is described in detail. Also, a novel contribution of this paper is the case-study evaluation of the proposed approach in a smart home environment

Caracterizacion de particulas de oxido de hierro con miras a su reutilizacion en la limpieza de superficie de acero a traves de chorreado abrasivo

134 p.En virtud de la utilización de nuevas tecnologías que sirvan como herramientas para proteger el medio ambiente, se llevará a cabo en este presente trabajo de titulación un estudio de las partículas de óxido de hierro, el cual toma como base para su ejecución los procesos técnicos mecánicos de tecnología de partículas y normas DIN. A través de estos procesos de investigación, se caracterizan y se clasifican las partículas de acuerdo a su forma y tamaño. Con esta respectiva caracterización, la cual se ejecuta por medio de diferentes herramientas de cálculo y métodos de estandarización, se intenta determinar si las partículas de óxido de hierro son apropiadas para su previo uso en un proceso de limpieza de la superficie del acero a través de chorreado abrasivo./ SUMMARY: By virtue of the use of new technologies which serve as implements for the protection of the environment, this thesis is dedicated to the investigation of iron oxide particles. This investigation is based on mechanical process engineering of particle technology and DIN standards. Through these mentioned processes of investigation the iron oxide particles are characterized and classified according to their form and size. With this characterization, achieved through different calculation and standardization processes, it is attemted to determine whether the iron oxide particles are appropriate as abrasives for scaling an iron surface

Clean Colon Software Program (CCSP), Proposal of a standardized Method to quantify Colon Cleansing During Colonoscopy: Preliminary Results

Background and study aims: Neoplastic lesions can be missed during colonoscopy, especially when cleansing is inadequate. Bowel preparation scales have significant limitations and no objective and standardized method currently exists to establish colon cleanliness during colonoscopy. The aims of our study are to create a software algorithm that is able to analyze bowel cleansing during colonoscopies and to compare it to a validate bowel preparation scale. Patients and methods: A software application (the Clean Colon Software Program, CCSP) was developed. Fifty colonoscopies were carried out and video-recorded. Each video was divided into 3 segments: cecum-hepatic flexure (1st Segment), hepatic flexure-descending colon (2nd Segment) and rectosigmoid segment (3rd Segment). Each segment was recorded twice, both before and after careful cleansing of the intestinal wall. A score from 0 (dirty) to 3 (clean) was then assigned by CCSP. All the videos were also viewed by four endoscopists and colon cleansing was established using the Boston Bowel Preparation Scale. Interclass correlation coefficient was then calculated between the endoscopists and the software. Results: The cleansing score of the prelavage colonoscopies was 1.56\ub10.52 and the postlavage one was 2,08\ub10,59 (P<0.001) showing an approximate 33.3% improvement in cleansing after lavage. Right colon segment prelavage (0.99\ub10.69) was dirtier than left colon segment prelavage (2.07\ub10.71). The overall interobserver agreement between the average cleansing score for the 4 endoscopists and the software pre-cleansing was 0.87 (95% CI, 0.84\u20130.90) and post-cleansing was 0.86 (95% CI, 0.83\u20130.89). Conclusions: The software is able to discriminate clean from non-clean colon tracts with high significance and is comparable to endoscopist evaluation

Marketing mix y posicionamiento de TOTO DISTRIBUCIONES E.I.R.L., Guadalupe, 2022

El estudio denominado Marketing mix y posicionamiento de TOTO DISTRIBUCIONES E.I.R.L, Guadalupe, 2022. Fue de tipo aplicado, no experimental, transaccional correlacional; tuvo como objetivo de determinar qué relación que hay entre las variables marketing mix y posicionamiento de la empresa TOTO DISTRIBUCIONES, Guadalupe, 2022; la cual utilizó una muestra de 167 clientes. La técnica fue la encuesta, utilizando como instrumento el cuestionario, con alternativas de respuestas se fundamentó en la escala de Likert. En el proceso de investigación de la parte estadística se manejó el SPSS. Así mismo se utilizó la prueba de correlación de Rho de Spearman, con la finalidad de comprender la correlación de las dos variables, como de sus dimensiones (producto, precio, plaza y promoción). Después del procesamiento de datos, se observa el valor de P es menor a 0.05 lo que indica que se rechaza H0; esto quiere decir que existe relación entre el marketing mix y el posicionamiento de los clientes de la empresa TOTO DISTRIBUCIONES E.I.R.L. Guadalupe, 2022. Se ha calculado el coeficiente de la correlación de Spearman el cual se obtuvo 0.501, lo que quiere decir que la relación es positiva y moderado

Two-dimensional gel proteome reference map of human small intestine

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The small intestine is an important human organ that plays a central role in many physiological functions including digestion, absorption, secretion and defense. Duodenal pathologies include, for instance, the ulcer associated to Helicobacter Pylori infection, adenoma and, in genetically predisposed individuals, celiac disease. Alterations in the bowel reduce its capability to absorb nutrients, minerals and fat-soluble vitamins. Anemia and osteopenia or osteoporosis may develop as a consequence of vitamins malabsorption. Adenoma is a benign tumor that has the potential to become cancerous. Adult celiac disease patients present an overall risk of cancer that is almost twice than that found in the general population. These disease processes are not completely known.</p> <p>To date, a two dimensional (2D) reference map of proteins expressed in human duodenal tissue is not yet available: the aim of our study was to characterize the 2D protein map, and to identify proteins of duodenal mucosa of adult individuals without duodenal illness, to create a protein database. This approach, may be useful for comparing similar protein samples in different laboratories and for the molecular characterization of intestinal pathologies without recurring to the use of surgical material.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The enrolled population comprised five selected samples (3 males and 2 females, aged 19 to 42), taken from 20 adult subjects, on their first visit at the gastroenterology unit for a suspected celiac disease, who did not turn to be affected by any duodenal pathology after gastrointestinal and histological evaluations. Proteins extracted from the five duodenal mucosal specimens were singly separated by 2D gel electrophoresis. After image analysis of each 2D gel, 179 protein spots, representing 145 unique proteins, from 218 spots tested, were successfully identified by MALDI-TOF ms analysis. Normalized volumes, for each protein, have been reported for every gel. Proteins have been grouped according to their biological/metabolic functions.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>This study represents to date the first detailed and reproducible 2D protein map of human duodenum. Spots identifications, reported in a database, will be helpful to identify the variability in protein expression levels, in isoforms expression, or in post-translational modifications associated to pathology or to a therapy.</p

Efficient synthesis of the Cu-SSZ-39 catalyst for DeNOx applications

By using a faujasite zeolite as the sole Si and Al source with simple ammonium cyclic cations, it has been possible to synthesize the SSZ-39 zeolite with high yields, and to prepare a catalyst for potential industrial applications in the SCR of NOx.Financial support from the Spanish Government-MINECO through "Severo Ochoa'' (SEV 2012-0267), Consolider Ingenio 2010-Multicat, MAT2012-37160 and, Intramural-201480I015 is acknowledged. C. R. B. thanks the Danish Agency for Science Technology and Innovation for a PhD scholarship. The authors thank Isabel Millet for technical support.Martin, N.; Boruntea, C.; Moliner Marin, M.; Corma Canós, A. (2015). Efficient synthesis of the Cu-SSZ-39 catalyst for DeNOx applications. Chemical Communications. 51(55):11030-11033. doi:10.1039/c5cc03200hS11030110335155Moliner, M., Martínez, C., & Corma, A. (2013). Synthesis Strategies for Preparing Useful Small Pore Zeolites and Zeotypes for Gas Separations and Catalysis. Chemistry of Materials, 26(1), 246-258. doi:10.1021/cm4015095Brandenberger, S., Kröcher, O., Tissler, A., & Althoff, R. (2008). The State of the Art in Selective Catalytic Reduction of NOxby Ammonia Using Metal‐Exchanged Zeolite Catalysts. Catalysis Reviews, 50(4), 492-531. doi:10.1080/01614940802480122Fickel, D. W., D’Addio, E., Lauterbach, J. A., & Lobo, R. F. (2011). The ammonia selective catalytic reduction activity of copper-exchanged small-pore zeolites. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 102(3-4), 441-448. doi:10.1016/j.apcatb.2010.12.022Kwak, J. H., Tonkyn, R. G., Kim, D. H., Szanyi, J., & Peden, C. H. F. (2010). Excellent activity and selectivity of Cu-SSZ-13 in the selective catalytic reduction of NOx with NH3. Journal of Catalysis, 275(2), 187-190. doi:10.1016/j.jcat.2010.07.031Fickel, D. W., & Lobo, R. F. (2009). Copper Coordination in Cu-SSZ-13 and Cu-SSZ-16 Investigated by Variable-Temperature XRD. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 114(3), 1633-1640. doi:10.1021/jp9105025Wagner, P., Nakagawa, Y., Lee, G. S., Davis, M. E., Elomari, S., Medrud, R. C., & Zones, S. I. (2000). Guest/Host Relationships in the Synthesis of the Novel Cage-Based Zeolites SSZ-35, SSZ-36, and SSZ-39. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 122(2), 263-273. doi:10.1021/ja990722uMoliner, M., Franch, C., Palomares, E., Grill, M., & Corma, A. (2012). Cu–SSZ-39, an active and hydrothermally stable catalyst for the selective catalytic reduction of NOx. Chemical Communications, 48(66), 8264. doi:10.1039/c2cc33992gDusselier, M., Schmidt, J. E., Moulton, R., Haymore, B., Hellums, M., & Davis, M. E. (2015). Influence of Organic Structure Directing Agent Isomer Distribution on the Synthesis of SSZ-39. Chemistry of Materials, 27(7), 2695-2702. doi:10.1021/acs.chemmater.5b00651Maruo, T., Yamanaka, N., Tsunoji, N., Sadakane, M., & Sano, T. (2014). Facile Synthesis of AEI Zeolites by Hydrothermal Conversion of FAU Zeolites in the Presence of Tetraethylphosphonium Cations. Chemistry Letters, 43(3), 302-304. doi:10.1246/cl.130996Sonoda, T., Maruo, T., Yamasaki, Y., Tsunoji, N., Takamitsu, Y., Sadakane, M., & Sano, T. (2015). Synthesis of high-silica AEI zeolites with enhanced thermal stability by hydrothermal conversion of FAU zeolites, and their activity in the selective catalytic reduction of NOx with NH3. Journal of Materials Chemistry A, 3(2), 857-865. doi:10.1039/c4ta05621cSano, T., Itakura, M., & Sadakane, M. (2013). High Potential of Interzeolite Conversion Method for Zeolite Synthesis. Journal of the Japan Petroleum Institute, 56(4), 183-197. doi:10.1627/jpi.56.183Yashiki, A., Honda, K., Fujimoto, A., Shibata, S., Ide, Y., Sadakane, M., & Sano, T. (2011). Hydrothermal conversion of FAU zeolite into LEV zeolite in the presence of non-calcined seed crystals. Journal of Crystal Growth, 325(1), 96-100. doi:10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2011.04.040Jon, H., Nakahata, K., Lu, B., Oumi, Y., & Sano, T. (2006). Hydrothermal conversion of FAU into ∗BEA zeolites. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, 96(1-3), 72-78. doi:10.1016/j.micromeso.2006.06.024Goto, I., Itakura, M., Shibata, S., Honda, K., Ide, Y., Sadakane, M., & Sano, T. (2012). Transformation of LEV-type zeolite into less dense CHA-type zeolite. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, 158, 117-122. doi:10.1016/j.micromeso.2012.03.032Wang, J., Yu, T., Wang, X., Qi, G., Xue, J., Shen, M., & Li, W. (2012). The influence of silicon on the catalytic properties of Cu/SAPO-34 for NOx reduction by ammonia-SCR. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 127, 137-147. doi:10.1016/j.apcatb.2012.08.016WAN, Y., MA, J., WANG, Z., ZHOU, W., & KALIAGUINE, S. (2004). Selective catalytic reduction of NO over Cu-Al-MCM-41. Journal of Catalysis, 227(1), 242-252. doi:10.1016/j.jcat.2004.07.016Sultana, A., Nanba, T., Haneda, M., Sasaki, M., & Hamada, H. (2010). Influence of co-cations on the formation of Cu+ species in Cu/ZSM-5 and its effect on selective catalytic reduction of NOx with NH3. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 101(1-2), 61-67. doi:10.1016/j.apcatb.2010.09.007Martínez-Franco, R., Moliner, M., Concepcion, P., Thogersen, J. R., & Corma, A. (2014). Synthesis, characterization and reactivity of high hydrothermally stable Cu-SAPO-34 materials prepared by «one-pot» processes. Journal of Catalysis, 314, 73-82. doi:10.1016/j.jcat.2014.03.018Ren, L., Zhu, L., Yang, C., Chen, Y., Sun, Q., Zhang, H., … Xiao, F.-S. (2011). Designed copper–amine complex as an efficient template for one-pot synthesis of Cu-SSZ-13 zeolite with excellent activity for selective catalytic reduction of NOx by NH3. Chemical Communications, 47(35), 9789. doi:10.1039/c1cc12469bMartínez-Franco, R., Moliner, M., Thogersen, J. R., & Corma, A. (2013). Efficient One-Pot Preparation of Cu-SSZ-13 Materials using Cooperative OSDAs for their Catalytic Application in the SCR of NOx. ChemCatChem, 5(11), 3316-3323. doi:10.1002/cctc.201300141Martínez-Franco, R., Moliner, M., Franch, C., Kustov, A., & Corma, A. (2012). Rational direct synthesis methodology of very active and hydrothermally stable Cu-SAPO-34 molecular sieves for the SCR of NOx. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 127, 273-280. doi:10.1016/j.apcatb.2012.08.034Martínez-Franco, R., Moliner, M., & Corma, A. (2014). Direct synthesis design of Cu-SAPO-18, a very efficient catalyst for the SCR of NOx. Journal of Catalysis, 319, 36-43. doi:10.1016/j.jcat.2014.08.00

Acute coronary syndromes in the emergency department

As síndromes isquêmicas miocárdicas Instáveis (SIMI) são freqüentes na Sala de Urgência (SU) e o seu não reconhecimento ou tratamento inadequado implicam em elevada morbimortalidade. A conduta, no ambiente da SU, é dependente do risco, estimado a partir de aspectos de história e exame físico, parâmetros eletrocardiográficos e da dosagem de marcadores séricos de necrose miocárdica. Os princípios terapêuticos das SIMIs com supradesnivelamento de ST ao eletrocardiograma (infarto agudo do miocárdio) e das SIMIs sem supradesnivelamento de ST (angina instável e infarto agudo sem supradesnível de ST) são revisados neste artigo.Acute Coronary Syndromes (ACS) are very frequent in the emergency department and the lack of proper diagnosis or inadequate treatment imply great morbidity and mortality. The ACS treatment is dependent on the risk, estimated by medical history and physical examination, eletrocardiographic parameters and serologic necrosis markers. The therapeutic principles for ACS with ST elevation (acute myocardial infarction) and of the ACS without ST elevation (unstable angina and acute myocardial infarction without ST elevation) are reviewed

Tolerância à seca em cultivares-elite de soja com a introgressão do transgene AtAREB1

The objective of this work was to verify if the introgression of the AtAREB1 gene in the 'LS93-0375' and 'BMX Desafio RR' elite soybean germplasms increases the tolerance of these plants to water deficit. The F4 progenies of these two elite cultivars and of the AtAREB1 transgenic line (BR16-AtAREB1) and its background ('BR16') were subjected to water deficit assays. The water deficit bioassays were performed in a greenhouse using the following six soybean lines: the genetically modified BR16-AtAREB1 and its background 'BR16'; 'LS93' and its F4 progeny, LS93-AtAREB1; and 'BMX Desafio RR' and its F4 progeny, Desafio-AtAREB1. A randomized complete block experimental design was carried out in a 6x2 factorial arrangement, with  the six soybean genotypes and two water conditions – control (C) and water deficit (WD) treatments – with nine replicates. Soybean genotypes containing the AtAREB1 gene showed better physiological performances under drought stress and altered expressions of drought-responsive genes. The intogression of AtAREB1 in soybean increases the plant drought tolerance, regardless of the genetic background in which the gene was introduced.O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar se a introgressão do gene AtAREB1 em dois germoplasmas-elite de soja, 'LS93-0375' e 'BMX Desafio RR', aumenta a tolerância dessas plantas ao deficit hídrico. As progênies F4 das duas cultivares-elite e da linhagem transgênica AtAREB1 (BR16-AtAREB1) e de seu background ('BR16') foram submetidas a deficit hídrico. Os bioensaios de deficit hídrico foram realizados em casa de vegetação, tendo-se utilizado as seis seguintes linhagens de soja: a geneticamente modificada BR16-AtAREB1 e seu background 'BR16'; 'LS93' e sua progênie F4, LS93-AtAREB1; e 'BMX Desafio RR' e sua progênie F4, Desafio-AtAREB1. Utilizou-se delineamento experimental de blocos completos com tratamentos casualizados, em arranjo fatorial 6x2, com os seis genótipos de soja e duas condições hídricas – controle (C) e tratamentos de deficit hídrico (WD) –, com nove repetições. Os genótipos de soja que contêm o gene AtAREB1 exibiram melhor desempenho fisiológico sob estresse hídrico e expressão alterada de genes responsivos à seca. A introgressão de AtAREB1 na soja aumenta a tolerância à seca, independentemente do background genético em que o gene foi introduzido