64 research outputs found

    L'âge des travailleuses du care : une propriété sociale invisible ? Enquête sur les nourricières des colonies familiales d'aliéné·es (1892-1992)

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    International audienceThe family colonies of Dun-sur-Auron and Ainay-le-Château, created at the turn of the 20th century, were pioneering experiments in home care for the mentally ill. They relied on the care of women, known as “nourricières”, who took in these “residents” in return for a meagre daily allowance. Completely untrained, these women were over 44 years old (median age) when they began this work and 71 when they stopped. How can we explain that the age of these workers, who have no status or salary, has remained constant for a century without ever being a subject of debate for their employers? By analysing the labour pool from which they were recruited, the forms of recognition associated with their tasks and the marginalisation of the oldest among them caused by late professionalisation in the 1990s, we propose to rethink the role of age in the complexity of social relations in a care context.Les colonies de Dun-sur-Auron et d’Ainay-le-Château constituent une expérience pionnière de prise en charge à domicile de personnes atteintes de maladies mentales. Leur fonctionnement repose sur les soins délivrés par des femmes appelées « nourricières » qui accueillent chez elles ces « pensionnaires » contre une maigre indemnité journalière. Totalement profanes, celles-ci ont plus de 44 ans (âge médian) lorsqu’elles commencent à exercer cette activité et 71 ans lorsqu’elles cessent. Comment expliquer que l’âge de ces travailleuses sans statut ni salaire reste une constante pendant un siècle, sans jamais faire l’objet d’un débat pour leurs employeurs ? En analysant le bassin d’emploi dans lequel elles sont recrutées, les formes de valorisation liées à leurs fonctions et la mise à l’écart des travailleuses âgées provoquée dans les années 1990 par une professionnalisation tardive, nous proposons de revisiter le rôle de l’âge dans la complexité des rapports sociaux en contexte de care

    Biomarker distributions and calculated sea surface temperatures from the North Pacific Ocean

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    In order to study the modern sea surface characteristics of the sub-polar North Pacific and the Bering Sea, i.e. sea surface temperature (SST) and sea ice cover, surface sediments recovered during the RV Sonne Expedition 202 in 2009 were analysed. To distinguish between marine and terrestrial organic carbon, hydrogen index values, long chain n-alkanes and specific sterols have been determined. The results show that in the Bering Sea, especially on the sea slope, the organic carbon source is mainly caused by high primary production. In the North Pacific, on the other hand, the organic material originates predominantly from terrestrial higher plants, probably related to dust input from Asia. SST has been reconstructed using the modified alkenone unsaturation index. Calibration from MĂĽller et al. (1998, doi:10.1016/S0016-7037(98)00097-0) offers the most reliable estimate of mean annual temperature in the central North Pacific but does not correlate with mean annual temperature throughout the study area. In the eastern North Pacific and the Bering Sea, the Sikes et al. (1997, doi:10.1016/S0016-7037(97)00017-3) calibration seems to be more accurate and matches summer SST. The distribution of the novel sea ice proxy IP25 (highly branched C25 isoprenoid alkene) in surface sediments is in accord with the modern spring sea ice edge and shows the potential of this proxy to track past variation in sea ice cover in the study area
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