Detecção e caracterização molecular de vírus associados com gastrenterite aguda em crianças de três anos de idade na cidade de Salvador Bahia.

Community based studies provide geographically representative information on the acute diarrhea disease burden. However, there are only a few reports in developing countries concerning the genotypes of the most important gastro enteric viruses in such communities. This study presents the results obtained by investigating the presence of Norovírus in children with acute gastroenteritis from a longitudinal study in low-income communities of the city of Salvador, BA, Brazil. This study represents an extension of a previous work performed to establish the profile of the most prevalent enteric pathogens present in these communities. In this study, 139 fecal samples collected from July 2001 to January 2002 were analyzed by RT-PCR using a set of primers for calicivirus (norovirus and sapovirus) and a specific set of primers for NoV. Seven out of 139 (5.0%) and 11 (7,9%) samples were positive for calicivirus and norovirus, respectively. One sample was characterized as human sapovirus and seven isolates were characterized as NoV genotype GII. The molecular characterization of the previously detected group A rotaviruses (RV-A) and human astrovíruses (HAstV) was also performed and revealed the circulation of RV-A genotypes G1P[8] and G9P[8]; and HAstV genotypes 6, 7, and 8. No mixed infection was observed. These findings pointed out the circulation of a great diversity of genotypes of the most important viruses responsible for acute gastroenteritis circulating in low-income communities.Fundação Oswaldo CruzEstudos baseados em comunidades fornecem informações que representam geograficamente o perfil das doenças diarréicas infantil. Entretanto, nos países em desenvolvimento, são poucos os estudos que relatam a circulação das principais viroses gastrentéricas em uma mesma comunidade. Este estudo apresenta os dados da investigaçao da freqüência da infecção dos norovírus e sapovirus em crianças com gastrenterite aguda participantes de um estudo longitudinal em comunidades carentes da cidade de Salvador, BA, Brasil. A caracterização molecular de outros vírus entéricos previamente detectados nesta mesma população também foi realizada. Este estudo representa a continuidade de um projeto anterior desenhado para estabelecer o perfil dos patógenos entéricos mais prevalentes nessas comunidades. Neste estudo, 139 amostras fecais coletadas no período de julho de 2001 a janeiro de 2002 foram analisadas por RT-PCR usando inicialmente um conjunto de oligonucleotídeos para detecção de calicivirus humanos (norovirus e sapovirus) e um específico para norovirus. Sete amostras (5,0%) foram positivas para calicivirus e 11 amostras (7,9%) para norovirus. Uma amostra foi caracterizada como SaV e sete amostras como norovirus do genogrupo GII, por seqüenciamento de nucleotideos. A caracterização molecular do rotavírus do grupo A (RV-A) e astrovírus (HAstV), previamente detectados, revelou a circulação do RV-A genótipos G1P[8] e G9P[8] e HAstV genótipos 6, 7 e 8. Não foram observadas infecções mistas. Estes achados apontam para a grande diversidade dos genótipos dos mais importantes vírus associados às gastrenterites agudas circulando em comunidades carentes

Detecção e caracterização molecular de vírus associados com gastrenterite aguda

Estudos baseados em comunidades fornecem informações que representam geograficamente o perfil das doenças diarreicas infantil. Entretanto, nos países em desenvolvimento são poucos os estudos que relatam a circulação das principais viroses gastrentéricas em uma mesma comunidade. Este estudo apresenta dos dados da investigação da frequência da infecção dos norovírus e sapovírus em crianças com gastrenterite aguda participantes de um estudo longitudinal em comunidades carentes da cidade de Salvador, BA, Brasil. A caracterização molecular de outros vírus entéricos previamente detectados nesta mesma população também foi realizada. Este estudo representa a continuidade de um projeto anterior desenhado para estabelecer o perfil dos patógenos entéricos mais prevalentes nessas comunidades. Neste estudo, 139 amostras fecais coletadas no período de julho de 2001 a janeiro de 2002 foram analisadas por RT-PCR usando inicialmente um conjunto de oligonucleotídeos para detecção de calicivírus (norovirus e sapovirus) e um específico para norovírus. Sete amostras (5,0%) foram positivas para calcivírus e 11 amostras (7,9%) foram para norovírus. Uma amostra foi caracterizada como SaV e sete amostras como genovírus do grupo GII, por sequenciamento de nucleotídeos. A caracterização molecular do rotavírus do grupo A (RV-A) e astrovírus (HAstV) previamente detectados, revelou a circulação do RV-A genótipos G1P[8] e G9P[8] e HAstV genótipos 6, 7 e 8. Não foram observadas infecções mistas. Estes achados apontam para a grande diversidade dos genótipos dos mais importantes vírus associados às gastrenterites agudas circulando em comunidades carentesCommunity-based studies provide information geographically representing the profile of childhood diarrheal diseases. However, in the developing countries there are few studies that report the circulation of the main gastro-enteric viruses in the same community. This study presents data from the investigation of the frequency of norovirus and sapovirus infection in children with acute gastroenteritis who participated in a longitudinal study in poor communities in the city of Salvador, BA, Brazil. The molecular characterization of other enteric viruses previously detected in this same population was also performed. This study represents the continuity of an earlier project designed to establish the profile of the most prevalent enteric pathogens in these communities. In this study, 139 fecal samples collected from July 2001 to January 2002 were analyzed by RT-PCR using a set of oligonucleotides for the detection of calicivirus (norovirus and sapovirus) and one specific for norovirus. Seven samples (5.0%) were positive for calcivirus and 11 samples (7.9%) were for norovirus. One sample was characterized as SaV and seven samples as genovirus of group GII, by nucleotide sequencing. The molecular characterization of the rotavirus group A (RV-A) and astrovirus (HAstV) previously detected, revealed the circulation of the RV-A genotypes G1P [8] and G9P [8] and HAstV genotypes 6, 7 and 8. They were not observed infections. These findings point to the great diversity of genotypes of the most important viruses associated with acute gastroenteritis circulating in poor communitie

Detecção e caracterização molecular de vírus associados com gastrenterite aguda em crianças menores de três anos de idade na cidade de Salvador-Bahia

Estudos baseados em comunidades fornecem informações que representam geograficamente o perfil das doenças diarréicas infantil. Entretanto, nos países em desenvolvimento, são poucos os estudos que relatam a circulação das principais viroses gastrentéricas em uma mesma comunidade. Este estudo apresenta os dados da investigaçao da freqüência da infecção dos norovírus e sapovirus em crianças com gastrenterite aguda participantes de um estudo longitudinal em comunidades carentes da cidade de Salvador, BA, Brasil. A caracterização molecular de outros vírus entéricos previamente detectados nesta mesma população também foi realizada. Este estudo representa a continuidade de um projeto anterior desenhado para estabelecer o perfil dos patógenos entéricos mais prevalentes nessas comunidades. Neste estudo, 139 amostras fecais coletadas no período de julho de 2001 a janeiro de 2002 foram analisadas por RT-PCR usando inicialmente um conjunto de oligonucleotídeos para detecção de calicivirus humanos (norovirus e sapovirus) e um específico para norovirus. Sete amostras (5,0%) foram positivas para calicivirus e 11 amostras (7,9%) para norovirus. Uma amostra foi caracterizada como SaV e sete amostras como norovirus do genogrupo GII, por seqüenciamento de nucleotideos. A caracterização molecular do rotavírus do grupo A (RV-A) e astrovírus (HAstV), previamente detectados, revelou a circulação do RV-A genótipos G1P[8] e G9P[8] e HAstV genótipos 6, 7 e 8. Não foram observadas infecções mistas. Estes achados apontam para a grande diversidade dos genótipos dos mais importantes vírus associados às gastrenterites agudas circulando em comunidades carentesConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e TecnológicoUniversidade Federal da BahiaCommunity based studies provide geographically representative information on the acute diarrhea disease burden. However, there are only a few reports in developing countries concerning the genotypes of the most important gastro enteric viruses in such communities. This study presents the results obtained by investigating the presence of Norovírus in children with acute gastroenteritis from a longitudinal study in low-income communities of the city of Salvador, BA, Brazil. This study represents an extension of a previous work performed to establish the profile of the most prevalent enteric pathogens present in these communities. In this study, 139 fecal samples collected from July 2001 to January 2002 were analyzed by RT-PCR using a set of primers for calicivirus (norovirus and sapovirus) and a specific set of primers for NoV. Seven out of 139 (5.0%) and 11 (7,9%) samples were positive for calicivirus and norovirus, respectively. One sample was characterized as human sapovirus and seven isolates were characterized as NoV genotype GII. The molecular characterization of the previously detected group A rotaviruses (RV-A) and human astrovíruses (HAstV) was also performed and revealed the circulation of RV-A genotypes G1P[8] and G9P[8]; and HAstV genotypes 6, 7, and 8. No mixed infection was observed. These findings pointed out the circulation of a great diversity of genotypes of the most important viruses responsible for acute gastroenteritis circulating in low-income communitie

Genotyping of gastroenteric viruses in hospitalised children: first report of norovirus GII.21 in Brazil

This retrospective study (April-September 2003) was designed to investigate the roles of the main viruses responsible for cases of acute infantile gastroenteritis in hospitalised children up to two years of age. The viruses were identified in 64.7% (88/136) of the cases and the detection rates of rotavirus A (RVA), norovirus (NoV) and astrovirus were 41.9% (57/136), 30.3% (24/79) and 12.7% (7/55), respectively. RVA and NoV were detected in 20 of the 24 reported nosocomial infection cases. This study identified the first circulation of the genotype NoV GII.21 in Brazil and highlights the need to establish differential diagnoses through active laboratorial surveillance

A non-enteric adenovirus A12 gastroenteritis outbreak in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

A gastroenteritis outbreak that occurred in 2013 in a low-income community in Rio de Janeiro was investigated for the presence of enteric viruses, including species A rotavirus (RVA), norovirus (NoV), astrovirus (HAstV), bocavirus (HBoV), aichivirus (AiV), and adenovirus (HAdV). Five of nine stool samples (83%) from patients were positive for HAdV, and no other enteric viruses were detected. Polymerase chain reaction products were sequenced and subjected to phylogenetic analysis, which revealed four strains and one strain of non-enteric HAdV-A12 and HAdV-F41, respectively. The HAdV-A12 nucleotide sequences shared 100% nucleotide similarity. Viral load was assessed using a TaqMan real-time PCR assay. Stool samples that were positive for HAdV-A12 had high viral loads (mean 1.9 X 107 DNA copies/g stool). All four patients with HAdV-A12 were < 25 months of age and had symptoms of fever and diarrhoea. Evaluation of enteric virus outbreaks allows the characterisation of novel or unique diarrhoea-associated viruses in regions where RVA vaccination is routinely performed

Molecular Epidemiology of Sapovirus in Children Living in the Northwest Amazon Region

Sapovirus is an important etiological agent of acute gastroenteritis (AGE), mainly in children under 5 years old living in lower-income communities. Eighteen identified sapovirus genotypes have been observed to infect humans. The aim of this study was to identify sapovirus genotypes circulating in the Amazon region. Twenty-eight samples were successfully genotyped using partial sequencing of the capsid gene. The genotypes identified were GI.1 (n = 3), GI.2 (n = 7), GII.1 (n = 1), GII.2 (n = 1), GII.3 (n = 5), GII.5 (n = 1), and GIV.1 (n = 10). The GIV genotype was the most detected genotype (35.7%, 10/28). The phylogenetic analysis identified sapovirus genotypes that had no similarity with other strains reported from Brazil, indicating that these genotypes may have entered the Amazon region via intense tourism in the Amazon rainforest. No association between histo-blood group antigen expression and sapovirus infection was observed.Funding Agencies|Swedish Research CouncilSwedish Research CouncilEuropean Commission [2017-01479, 2018-02862]; Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES)Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES) [88881.337140/2019-01]; National Council for Scientific and Technological DevelopmentConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPQ); Foundation for Research Support of the State of Rio de Janeiro-FAPERJFundacao Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio De Janeiro (FAPERJ); Oswaldo Cruz Institute-IOC (PAEF)</p

Surveillance of Human Astrovirus Infection in Brazil: The First Report of MLB1 Astrovirus

Submitted by sandra infurna ([email protected]) on 2016-05-17T12:37:46Z No. of bitstreams: 1 mariadapenha_xavier_etal_IOC_2015.pdf: 2483005 bytes, checksum: afda9c7512fa155a70477d1cba54ffa4 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by sandra infurna ([email protected]) on 2016-05-17T12:51:43Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 mariadapenha_xavier_etal_IOC_2015.pdf: 2483005 bytes, checksum: afda9c7512fa155a70477d1cba54ffa4 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2016-05-17T12:51:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 mariadapenha_xavier_etal_IOC_2015.pdf: 2483005 bytes, checksum: afda9c7512fa155a70477d1cba54ffa4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Virologia Comparada e Ambiental. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Virologia Comparada e Ambiental. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Virologia Comparada e Ambiental. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Virologia Comparada e Ambiental. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Virologia Comparada e Ambiental. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Virologia Comparada e Ambiental. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Virologia Comparada e Ambiental. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Virologia Comparada e Ambiental. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Virologia Comparada e Ambiental. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Human astrovirus (HAstV) represents the third most common virus associated with acute diarrhea (AD). This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of HAstV infection in Brazilian children under 5 years of age with AD, investigate the presence of recently described HAstV strains, through extensive laboratory-based surveillance of enteric viral agents in three Brazilian coastal regions between 2005 and 2011. Using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), the overall HAstV detection rate reached 7.1% (207/ 2.913) with percentage varying according to the geographic region: 3.9% (36/921) in the northeast, 7.9% in the south (71/903) and 9.2% in the southeast (100/1.089) (p < 0.001). HAstV were detected in cases of all age groups. Detection rates were slightly higher during the spring. Nucleotide sequence analysis of a 320-bp ORF2 fragment revealed that HAstV- 1 was the predominant genotype throughout the seven years of the study. The novel AstVMLB1 was detected in two children with AD from a subset of 200 samples tested, demonstrating the circulation of this virus both the in northeastern and southeastern regions of Brazil. These results provide additional epidemiological and molecular data on HAstV circulation in three Brazilian coastal regions, highlighting its potential to cause infantile AD

Enteric viruses in HIV-1 seropositive and HIV-1 seronegative children with diarrheal diseases in Brazil

Submitted by Sandra Infurna ([email protected]) on 2018-02-12T15:23:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 marise_miagostovich_etal_IOC_2017.pdf: 2240909 bytes, checksum: e2949425400d04112ba26e666462f386 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Sandra Infurna ([email protected]) on 2018-02-12T15:34:17Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 marise_miagostovich_etal_IOC_2017.pdf: 2240909 bytes, checksum: e2949425400d04112ba26e666462f386 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2018-02-12T15:34:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 marise_miagostovich_etal_IOC_2017.pdf: 2240909 bytes, checksum: e2949425400d04112ba26e666462f386 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Virologia Comparada e Ambiental. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Virologia Comparada e Ambiental. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Escritório regionao Piauí. Teresina, PI, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Virologia Comparada e Ambiental. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Virologia Comparada e Ambiental. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Virologia Comparada e Ambiental. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Virologia Comparada e Ambiental. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Virologia Comparada e Ambiental. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Hospital Municipal Jesus. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Virologia Comparada e Ambiental. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Virologia Comparada e Ambiental. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Virologia Comparada e Ambiental. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Diarrheal diseases (DD) have distinct etiological profiles in immune-deficient and immunecompetent patients. This study compares detection rates, genotype distribution and viral loads of different enteric viral agents in HIV-1 seropositive (n = 200) and HIV-1 seronegative (n = 125) children hospitalized with DD in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Except for group A rotavirus (RVA), which were detected through enzyme immunoassay, the other enteric viruses (norovirus [NoV], astrovirus [HAstV], adenovirus [HAdV] and bocavirus [HBoV]) were detected through PCR or RT-PCR. A quantitative PCR was performed for RVA, NoV, HAstV, HAdV and HBoV. Infections with NoV (19% vs. 9.6%; p<0.001), HBoV (14% vs. 7.2%; p = 0.042) and HAdV (30.5% vs. 14.4%; p<0.001) were significantly more frequent among HIV-1 seropositive children. RVA was significantly less frequent among HIV-1 seropositive patients (6.5% vs. 20%; p<0.001). Similarly, frequency of infection with HAstV was lower among HIV-1 seropositive children (5.5% vs. 12.8%; p = 0.018). Among HIV-1 seropositive children 33 (16.5%) had co-infections, including three enteric viruses, such as NoV, HBoV and HAdV (n = 2) and NoV, HAstV and HAdV (n = 2). The frequency of infection with more than one virus was 17 (13.6%) in the HIV-1 negative group, triple infection (NoV + HAstV + HBoV) being observed in only one patient. The median viral load of HAstV in feces was significantly higher among HIV-1 positive children compared to HIV-1 negative children. Concerning children infected with RVA, NoV, HBoV and HAdV, no statistically significant differences were observed in the medians of viral loads in feces, comparing HIV-1 seropositive and HIV-1 seronegative children. Similar detection rates were observed for RVA, HAstV and HAdV, whilst NoV and HBoV were significantly more prevalent among children with CD4+ T lymphocyte count below 200 cells/mm3. Enteric viruses should be considered an important cause of DD in HIV-1 seropositive children, along with pathogens more classically associated with intestinal infections in immunocompromised hosts