28 research outputs found
In search of mathematical primitives for deriving universal projective hash families
We provide some guidelines for deriving new projective hash families of cryptographic interest. Our main building blocks are so called group action systems; we explore what properties of this mathematical primitives may lead to the construction of cryptographically useful projective hash families. We point out different directions towards new constructions, deviating from known proposals arising from Cramer and Shoup's seminal work
Modular Sumcheck Proofs with Applications to Machine Learning and Image Processing
Cryptographic proof systems provide integrity, fairness, and privacy in applications that outsource data processing tasks. However, general-purpose proof systems do not scale well to large inputs. At the same time, ad-hoc solutions for concrete applications - e.g., machine learning or image processing - are more efficient but lack modularity, hence they are hard to extend or to compose with other tools of a data-processing pipeline.
In this paper, we combine the performance of tailored solutions with the versatility of general-purpose proof systems. We do so by introducing a modular framework for verifiable computation of sequential operations. The main tool of our framework is a new information-theoretic primitive called Verifiable Evaluation Scheme on Fingerprinted Data (VE) that captures the properties of diverse sumcheck-based interactive proofs, including the well-established GKR protocol. Thus, we show how to compose VEs for specific functions to obtain verifiability of a data-processing pipeline.
We propose a novel VE for convolution operations that can handle multiple input-output channels and batching, and we use it in our framework to build proofs for (convolutional) neural networks and image processing. We realize a prototype implementation of our proof systems, and show that we achieve up to faster proving time and shorter proofs compared to the state-of-the-art, in addition to asymptotic improvements
a review of methodological design choices
Publisher Copyright: © 2023 Cambridge University Press. All rights reserved.This systematic literature review aimed to provide an overview of the characteristics and methods used in studies applying the Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALY) concept for infectious diseases within European Union (EU)/European Economic Area (EEA)/European Free Trade Association (EFTA) countries and the United Kingdom. Electronic databases and grey literature were searched for articles reporting the assessment of DALY and its components. We considered studies in which researchers performed DALY calculations using primary epidemiological data input sources. We screened 3,053 studies of which 2,948 were excluded and 105 studies met our inclusion criteria. Of these studies, 22 were multi-country and 83 were single-country studies, of which 46 were from the Netherlands. Food- and water-borne diseases were the most frequently studied infectious diseases. Between 2015 and 2022, the number of burden of infectious disease studies was 1.6 times higher compared to that published between 2000 and 2014. Almost all studies (97%) estimated DALYs based on the incidence- and pathogen-based approach and without social weighting functions; however, there was less methodological consensus with regards to the disability weights and life tables that were applied. The number of burden of infectious disease studies undertaken across Europe has increased over time. Development and use of guidelines will promote performing burden of infectious disease studies and facilitate comparability of the results.publishersversionepub_ahead_of_prin
Burden of disease attributable to risk factors in European countries: a scoping literature review
Objectives: Within the framework of the burden of disease (BoD) approach, disease, and injury burden estimates attributable to risk factors are a useful guide for policy formulation and priority setting in disease prevention. Considering the important differences in methods, and their impact on burden estimates, we conducted a scoping literature review to: (1) map the BoD assessments including risk factors performed across Europe, and (2) identify the methodological choices in comparative risk assessment (CRA) and risk assessment methods. Methods: We searched multiple literature databases, including grey literature websites, and targeted public health agencies' websites. Results: A total of 113 studies were included in the synthesis and further divided into independent BoD assessments (54 studies) and studies linked to the Global Burden of Disease (59 papers). Our results showed that the methods used to perform CRA varied substantially across independent European BoD studies. While there were some methodological choices that were more common than others, we did not observe patterns in terms of country, year, or risk factor. Each methodological choice can affect the comparability of estimates between and within countries and/or risk factors since they might significantly influence the quantification of the attributable burden. From our analysis, we observed that the use of CRA was less common for some types of risk factors and outcomes. These included environmental and occupational risk factors, which are more likely to use bottom-up approaches for health outcomes where disease envelopes may not be available. Conclusions: Our review also highlighted misreporting, the lack of uncertainty analysis, and the under-investigation of causal relationships in BoD studies. Development and use of guidelines for performing and reporting BoD studies will help understand differences, and avoid misinterpretations thus improving comparability among estimates.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Memorias de investigación: Feria de Semilleros y Jornadas de Investigación de uniminuto, Seccional Antioquia - Chocó.
Feria de Semilleros y Jornadas de Investigación de uniminuto,
Seccional Antioquia - Chocó.Esta publicación busca divulgar investigaciones y
producción académica en diferentes disciplinas,
realizadas por estudiantes y docentes de UNIMINUTO
Seccional Antioquia – Chocó, así como dar a conocer los
semilleros de investigación que participaron en la V Feria
de Semilleros, con el fin de visibilizar el trabajo que
realiza el Centro de Investigación para el Desarrollo de
UNIMINUTO Bello —CIDUB—, con respecto a debates
académicos y espacios de interlocución.
Igualmente, permite que la comunidad educativa
conozca los temas de investigación y las discusiones
que se están dando entre los semilleros y grupos de
investigación, para así buscar puntos de encuentro y
sinergias entre los investigadores.
Adicionalmente, el texto se convierte en una invitación
para que se vinculen otros investigadores, docentes,
estudiantes e incluso otras instituciones a los procesos
investigativos coordinados desde el CIDUB
Memorias de investigación: Feria de Semilleros y Jornadas de Investigación de uniminuto, Seccional Antioquia - Chocó.
Feria de Semilleros y Jornadas de Investigación de uniminuto,
Seccional Antioquia - Chocó.Esta publicación busca divulgar investigaciones y
producción académica en diferentes disciplinas,
realizadas por estudiantes y docentes de UNIMINUTO
Seccional Antioquia – Chocó, así como dar a conocer los
semilleros de investigación que participaron en la V Feria
de Semilleros, con el fin de visibilizar el trabajo que
realiza el Centro de Investigación para el Desarrollo de
UNIMINUTO Bello —CIDUB—, con respecto a debates
académicos y espacios de interlocución.
Igualmente, permite que la comunidad educativa
conozca los temas de investigación y las discusiones
que se están dando entre los semilleros y grupos de
investigación, para así buscar puntos de encuentro y
sinergias entre los investigadores.
Adicionalmente, el texto se convierte en una invitación
para que se vinculen otros investigadores, docentes,
estudiantes e incluso otras instituciones a los procesos
investigativos coordinados desde el CIDUB
Burden of infectious disease studies in Europe and the United Kingdom: a review of methodological design choices.
This systematic literature review aimed to provide an overview of the characteristics and methods used in studies applying the disability-adjusted life years (DALY) concept for infectious diseases within European Union (EU)/European Economic Area (EEA)/European Free Trade Association (EFTA) countries and the United Kingdom. Electronic databases and grey literature were searched for articles reporting the assessment of DALY and its components. We considered studies in which researchers performed DALY calculations using primary epidemiological data input sources. We screened 3053 studies of which 2948 were excluded and 105 studies met our inclusion criteria. Of these studies, 22 were multi-country and 83 were single-country studies, of which 46 were from the Netherlands. Food- and water-borne diseases were the most frequently studied infectious diseases. Between 2015 and 2022, the number of burden of infectious disease studies was 1.6 times higher compared to that published between 2000 and 2014. Almost all studies (97%) estimated DALYs based on the incidence- and pathogen-based approach and without social weighting functions; however, there was less methodological consensus with regards to the disability weights and life tables that were applied. The number of burden of infectious disease studies undertaken across Europe has increased over time. Development and use of guidelines will promote performing burden of infectious disease studies and facilitate comparability of the results
Group theoretic cryptography
PRELIMINARIES Mathematical background Algebraic structures in a nutshellFinite groupsSummary and further readingExercisesBasics on complexity Complexity classesAsymptotic notation and examplesSummary and further readingExercisesCryptology: An introductionA short historical overview Historical encryption schemes Public-key cryptographyModern cryptologySummary and further readingExercisesPUBLIC-KEY ENCRYPTIONProvable security guarantees Public-key encryption revisitedCharacterizing secure public-key encryptionOne-way functions and random oraclesThe general Bellare-Rogaway constructionIN
Security of the most significant bits of the Shamir message passing scheme
Boneh and Venkatesan have recently proposed a polynomial time algorithm for recovering a “hidden ” element α of a finite field Fp of p elements from rather short strings of the most significant bits of the remainder modulo p of αt for several values of t selected uniformly at random from F ∗ p.Unfortunately the applications to the computational security of most significant bits of private keys of some finite field exponentiation based cryptosystems given by Boneh and Venkatesan are not quite correct. For the Diffie-Hellman cryptosystem the result of Boneh and Venkatesan has been corrected and generalized in our recent paper. Here a similar analysis is given for the Shamir message passing scheme. The results depend on some bounds of exponential sums