Inherently safer technology gaps analysis study.

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Common variants in FOXP1 are associated with generalized vitiligo

In a recent genome-wide association study of generalized vitiligo, we identified ten confirmed susceptibility loci. By testing additional loci that showed suggestive association in the genome-wide study, using two replication cohorts of European descent, we observed replicated association of generalized vitiligo with variants at 3p13 encompassing FOXP1 (rs17008723, combined P = 1.04 × 10−8) and with variants at 6q27 encompassing CCR6 (rs6902119, combined P = 3.94 × 10−7)

Reduced thymic output, cell cycle abnormalities, and increased apoptosis of T lymphocytes in patients with cartilage-hair hypoplasia

Producción CientíficaBackground: Cartilage-hair hypoplasia (CHH) is characterized by metaphyseal dysplasia, bone marrow failure, increased risk of malignancies, and a variable degree of immunodeficiency. CHH is caused by mutations in the RNA component of the mitochondrial RNA processing (RMRP) endoribonuclease gene, which is involved in ribosomal assembly, telomere function, and cell cycle control. Objectives: We aimed to define thymic output and characterize immune function in a cohort of patients with molecularly defined CHH with and without associated clinical immunodeficiency. Methods: We studied the distribution of B and T lymphocytes (including recent thymic emigrants), in vitro lymphocyte proliferation, cell cycle, and apoptosis in 18 patients with CHH compared with controls. Results: Patients with CHH have a markedly reduced number of recent thymic emigrants, and their peripheral T cells show defects in cell cycle control and display increased apoptosis, resulting in poor proliferation on activation. Conclusion: These data confirm that RMRP mutations result in significant defects of cell-mediated immunity and provide a link between the cellular phenotype and the immunodeficiency in CH

The James Webb Space Telescope Mission

Twenty-six years ago a small committee report, building on earlier studies, expounded a compelling and poetic vision for the future of astronomy, calling for an infrared-optimized space telescope with an aperture of at least $4m$. With the support of their governments in the US, Europe, and Canada, 20,000 people realized that vision as the $6.5m$ James Webb Space Telescope. A generation of astronomers will celebrate their accomplishments for the life of the mission, potentially as long as 20 years, and beyond. This report and the scientific discoveries that follow are extended thank-you notes to the 20,000 team members. The telescope is working perfectly, with much better image quality than expected. In this and accompanying papers, we give a brief history, describe the observatory, outline its objectives and current observing program, and discuss the inventions and people who made it possible. We cite detailed reports on the design and the measured performance on orbit.Comment: Accepted by PASP for the special issue on The James Webb Space Telescope Overview, 29 pages, 4 figure

The Science Performance of JWST as Characterized in Commissioning

This paper characterizes the actual science performance of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), as determined from the six month commissioning period. We summarize the performance of the spacecraft, telescope, science instruments, and ground system, with an emphasis on differences from pre-launch expectations. Commissioning has made clear that JWST is fully capable of achieving the discoveries for which it was built. Moreover, almost across the board, the science performance of JWST is better than expected; in most cases, JWST will go deeper faster than expected. The telescope and instrument suite have demonstrated the sensitivity, stability, image quality, and spectral range that are necessary to transform our understanding of the cosmos through observations spanning from near-earth asteroids to the most distant galaxies.Comment: 5th version as accepted to PASP; 31 pages, 18 figures; https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1538-3873/acb29

Alcohol and Thiol Adsorption on (Oxy)hydroxide and Carbon Surfaces: Molecular Dynamics Simulation and Desorption Experiments

Classical molecular dynamics simulations were used to investigate the interaction of methyl, ethyl, and n-propyl alcohols and thiols with the hydroxylated basal surfaces of aluminum hydroxide and iron oxyhydroxide, as well as a model graphite surface. Comparisons were made to concurrently run desorption experiments investigating the interaction of methyl, ethyl, and n-propyl alcohols with aluminum hydroxide and activated carbon. The metal (oxy)­hydroxide surfaces represent the basal surfaces of the neutral end-member layered double hydroxides gibbsite and lepidocrocite, respectively, while the graphite surface is a simplified model of the pore walls in activated carbon used in the chemisorption experiment. Adsorption enthalpies obtained from simulations at infinite adsorbate dilution show that adsorption is greatly favored on the hydroxylated surfaces compared to the graphite surface, with the ethyl molecules adsorbing most favorably. Heats of desorption calculated from chemisorption experiments show the same increased interaction strength for the alcohols on the aluminum hydroxide surface compared with activated carbon, with the most favorable interaction being ethanol with the aluminum hydroxide surface. In general, simulations show that alcohols adsorb more strongly than thiols on the hydroxylated surfaces, while the reverse is true on the graphite surface. The structure of adsorbed monolayers was obtained from simulations of a liquidlike layer above each surface. As expected, monolayer surface densities decreased with increasing molecule size. The hydroxylated surfaces were found to be amphoteric with respect to both alcohol and thiol adsorption, and primary adsorption sites facilitate hydrogen bonding between the adsorbate and several surface hydroxyl groups. Alcohols and thiols adsorb at much larger distances to the graphite surface, resulting in the smaller adsorption enthalpies

Inherently safer technology gaps analysis study.

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Positioning and interpretative repertoires: Conversation analysis and post-structuralism in dialogue

This article focuses on Schegloff's (1997) comments on critical discourse analysis and evaluates their force in relation to the analysis of a segment of a group discussion with three young white middle-class men concerning an episode in one of the participant's recent sexual history. The post-structuralist-influenced writings of Laclau and Mouffe (1985, 1987) are presented as an alternative analytic frame for the same data. The analysis examines the contextualization of the event which is the topic of the conversation and the positioning taken up and offered to the young man involved, drawing on the analytic concepts of interpretative repertoire and ideological dilemma. A critique of the post-structuralist concept of subject positions is developed and also of the methodological prescriptions Schegloff proposes for critical discourse analysis. The implications for critical discursive research in social psychology are discussed