International financial contagion: what do we know?

This paper attempts a synthesis of theoretical and empirical work on international financial contagion. Although a professional consensus on the appropriate definitions of contagion has yet to emerge, we document substantial research progress towards this goal. On the empirical front, determining when returns are ‘excessive’ is a pre-condition for designing effective policy response to crises. At the theoretical level, tracing the observed herding behavior to market participants’ uncertain beliefs and information asymmetries is a key element for understanding how contagious effects arise. It is argued that the recent focus on better understanding of high-frequency financial returns data and decision making at the market microstructure level are promising avenues for understanding the transmission of shocks across markets and countries

Tubular Krukenberg Tumor with an Occult Primary

Tubular Krukenberg tumor with an occult primary can cause problems in histopathologic diagnosis, by mimicking primary ovarian tumors. We present one such occurrence in a 32year old female who underwent surgery for bilateral malignant ovarian tumor. Gross examination of both ovarian tumors revealed bosselated, smooth outer surface with a few cysts on the surface. Cut surface was grey-white to yellowish in colour with cysts filled with serous fluid at the periphery. Microscopic examination revealed mucin laden signet ring cells, predominantly showing tubular architecture within a cellular ovarian stroma. The cytoplasm of these cells varied from granular eosinophilic to pale vacuolated appearance and showed PAS and mucicarmine positive mucin. Differential diagnosis with other primary ovarian tumors is discussed

Pengaruh Inflasi, Wajib Pajak dan Surat Paksa terhadap Penerimaan Kpp Pratama Cirebon

Penelitian inu dilakukan pada KPP Pratama Cirebon pada periode 2014-2016. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh tingkat inflasi, jumlah wajib pajak terdaftar dan penerbitan surat paksa terhadap penerimaan pajak penghasilan. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Sampel yang diguanakan sebanyak 35 data yag dipilih dengan metode sampel jenuh. Pengujian statistik yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi linear berganda, uji asumsi klasik, uji hipotesis dan koefisien determinasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan bantuan program SPSS versi statistics 23 for windows. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan tingkat inflasi, jumlah wajib pajak terdaftar dan penerbitan surat paksa tidak berpengaruh terhadap penerimaan pajak penghasilan. katakunci : Inflasi.; Penerbitan surat paksa; Penerimaan Pajak Penghasilan

Model Cyber-Link Marketing sebagai Strategi Pemasaran Produk Unggulan Daerah Kabupaten Kendal

Kebanyakan UKM memiliki permasalahan permodalan dan pemasaran, hal ini yang juga dialami oleh UKM di Kabupaten Kendal terutama USAha Batik dan USAha Tas yang menjadi sentra dengan jumlah UKM terbanyak. Usaha tersebut sulit memasarkan secara mandiri dengan brand sendiri, tergantung pada tengkulak dan broker yang membeli atau melakukan order tersebut dengan merk pemesan. Padahal kedua produk tersebut menjadi produk unggulan dan bahkan menjadi percontohan USAha mikro daerah skala nasional. Penelitian ini bertujuan memberikan solusi pemasaran online (e-marketing) dengan model cyber-link antar pemilik USAha yang ada dengan komunitas yang dibentuk untuk mendukung pemasaran online, sehingga ketika pengguna internet mencari produk tersebut selalu mudah ditemui di internet dan selalu berada pada halaman pertama dan menjadi ranking teratas (To range). Manfaatnya adalah agar produk yang dipasarkan online mudah ditemukan, dan menjadi prioritas untuk diakses oleh pengguna internet, hal tersebut merupakan strategi pemasaran untuk memudahkan mendapatkan pelanggan

Healthcare Quality and Justice Quality: Its Effects on Patient Satisfaction in the National Health Insurance Era

The purpose of this article is to explain the model of healthcare quality which consists of interaction, physical environment, outcomes, and justice quality associated with patient satisfaction by considering the patient’s health condition before and after hospital treatment. The authors aim to examine the effect of healthcare quality (interaction, physical environment, outcome, and justice quality) on the patient satisfaction which is moderated by health conditions. Data were collected using a questionnaire with patients or patients’ families as respondents in three Regional Public Hospitals in East Java, Indonesia. The proposed research model consists of six constructs. They represent healthcare quality as follows: interaction quality (five variables); physical environment quality (four variables); outcome quality (three variables) and justice quality (six variables). There is also one construct that represents the patient’s health condition (two variables – health conditions before and after treatment). Finally, there is one construct that represents patient’s satisfaction (six variables). Testing the hypothesis model of this study used structural equation modeling (SEM) with the WarpPLS approach. The results of SEM analysis with the WarpPLS approach show that the goodness of fit statistics supported the model of healthcare quality-health conditions-patient’s satisfaction. The results of hypothesis testing found that quality of physical environment, quality of outcomes, quality of justice were proven as constructs that could predict patient’s satisfaction. Another important finding is the construct of health conditions proved to be a moderator on the effect of justice quality on patient’s satisfaction.     Keywords: healthcare, health condition, patient’s satisfaction, East Java, Indonesi

Interactive effects of Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and rhizobial strains on chickpea growth and nutrient content in plant

Legumes form a tripartite symbiosis with Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and rhizobia. Chickpea plants were inoculated with six strains of Mesorhizobium ciceri and three AMF species, Glomus intraradices (GI), G. mosseae (GM) and G. etunicatum (GE). The plants inoculated with a number of AMF species and bacterial strains increased overall plant dry mass compared to non-inoculated plants. GE was the most efficient in increasing plant dry matter. Individual AMF species were more effective than when mixed (GI+GM+GE). Bacterial treatments had increasing effect on root colonization by GI, GM and GI+GM+GE. The results revealed that dual inoculation with AMF and rhizobium enhanced nitrogen, phosphorus, zinc, iron and copper content in plants but these increasing effects was different between fungal and bacterial treatments.Key words: Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, Mesorhizobium ciceri, nutrient content, root colonization, nodule, chickpea

Representasi L'oreal dalam Iklan Berbahasa Perancis dan Indonesia (suatu Studi Komperatif)

The title of this research is The Representation L'Oreal in the Advertising of the Language of the French and the Language of the Indonesian (a Coomparative Lesson) which examines the process of the sign and the representation of meaning in the Advertising of L'Oreal which is the Language of the French and the Language of the Indonesian. The purpose of the research is to explain how the trial of the sign in advertising L'Oreal which is the Language of the French and the Language of the Indonesian and to know the representation of the meaning that is in the advertising of L 'Oreal which is the Language of the French and the Language of the Indonesian being based on the trial of the sign. The theory that is used in this research is the theory of semiotics by Charles Sanders Peirce who deviating from the reference to identify the process of the sign and the theory of representation to explain the meaning of the sign that is found in the advertisement that is analyzed. The data that is used comes from the website. The type of advertising that is analyzed as sampo, revitalift and hair color. The result of the analysis of this research shows that the sign in the advertisement is based on icon, India and symbol and the transmission of meaning in advertising can be passed by the representation being based on the text, Image and color in advertising. Key words: advertising, representation, semiotic, beauty, productA. Latar BelakangDi zaman globalisasi ini media massa sudah menjadi kebutuhan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, baik itu media cetak maupun media elektronik. Ini dikarenakan kebutuhan masyarakat yang selalu ingin memperoleh ataupun mengetahui informasi terbaru dari berbagai aspek kehidupan, salah satunya melalui media Iklan.Iklan merupakan salah satu media yang pada dasarnya mempromosikan suatu produk dengan menggunakan bahasa atau gambar sebagai unsur yang membangunnya. Dengan kata lain, iklan diciptakan melalui suatu cerita yang membawa pesan tertentu. Maka, dalam pembuatan sebuah iklan dimunculkan tokoh yang sentral melalui pemilihan model iklan yang menampilkan identitas tertentu. Selain pemilihan model iklan, penggunaan bahasa melalui tagline yang digunakan sangat memiliki peran penting dalam menarik perhatian para konsumen.Iklan juga harus menampilkan keunggulan dar

The molecularweight dependence of thermoelectric properties of poly (3-Hexylthiophene)

Organic materials have been found to be promising candidates for low-temperature thermoelectric applications. In particular, poly (3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) has been attracting great interest due to its desirable intrinsic properties, such as excellent solution processability, chemical and thermal stability, and high field-effect mobility. However, its poor electrical conductivity has limited its application as a thermoelectric material. It is therefore important to improve the electrical conductivity of P3HT layers. In this work, we studied how molecular weight (MW) influences the thermoelectric properties of P3HT films. The films were doped with lithium bis(trifluoromethane sulfonyl) imide salt (LiTFSI) and 4-tert butylpyridine (TBP). Various P3HT layers with different MWs ranging from 21 to 94 kDa were investigated. UV-Vis spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM) analysis were performed to investigate the morphology and structure features of thin films with different MWs. The electrical conductivity initially increased when the MW increased and then decreased at the highest MW, whereas the Seebeck coefficient had a trend of reducing as the MW grew. The maximum thermoelectric power factor (1.87 μW/mK2) was obtained for MW of 77 kDa at 333 K. At this temperature, the electrical conductivity and Seebeck coefficient of this MW were 65.5 S/m and 169 μV/K, respectively

In Vivo Cigarette Smoke Exposure Decreases CCL20, SLPI, and BD-1 Secretion by Human Primary Nasal Epithelial Cells

Smokers and individuals exposed to second-hand cigarette smoke have a higher risk of developing chronic sinus and bronchial infections. This suggests that cigarette smoke (CS) has adverse effects on immune defenses against pathogens. Epithelial cells are important in airway innate immunity and are the first line of defense against infection. Airway epithelial cells not only form a physical barrier but also respond to the presence of microbes by secreting antimicrobials, cytokines, and chemokines. These molecules can lyse infectious microorganisms and/or provide signals critical to the initiation of adaptive immune responses. We examined the effects of CS on antimicrobial secretions of primary human nasal epithelial cells (PHNECs). Compared to non-CS-exposed individuals, PHNEC from in vivo CS-exposed individuals secreted less chemokine ligand (C-C motif) 20 (CCL20), Beta-defensin 1 (BD-1), and SLPI apically, less BD-1 and SLPI basolaterally, and more CCL20 basolaterally. Cigarette smoke extract (CSE) exposure in vitro decreased the apical secretion of CCL20 and beta-defensin 1 by PHNEC from non-CS-exposed individuals. Exposing PHNEC from non-CS exposed to CSE also significantly decreased the levels of many mRNA transcripts that are involved in immune signaling. Our results show that in vivo or in vitro exposure to CS alters the secretion of key antimicrobial peptides from PHNEC, but that in vivo CS exposure is a much more important modifier of antimicrobial peptide secretion. Based on the gene expression data, it appears that CSE disrupts multiple immune signaling pathways in PHNEC. Our results provide mechanistic insight into how CS exposure alters the innate immune response and increases an individual\u27s susceptibility to pathogen infection

Prospective Randomised Controlled Trial of Teaching Medical Students Behavioural Sciences

Background: In the last few decades, medical professionalismcame upas a challenging issue to teach and assess.Objective: To compare the level of understanding of the medical professionalism, medical ethics and human rights among the first year and fifth year medical students at Omdurman Islamic University in Sudan.Methods: Prospective randomised controlled trial. Students were randomized in to four groups during teaching of behavioural sciences which was given at different spectra in the different groups. Responders were 365(91.25%), they were 143(39.2%) first year males, 141(38.6%) first year females split in two groups and 81(22.2%) fifth year mixed male and female.Conceptual understanding of medical ethics, professionalism, human rights and the religion values as part of the university requirement were assessed with a pretested questionnaire.Results: Of the fifth year students 69(86.3%) were able to describe triggering organisational help for patients as an advocacy and 119(83.2%) first year male students were able to identify that availing medical facilities to the disabled and the vulnerable groupsas basic human right. Themajority (>90%) of all students were described well professional integrity and 132(93%) of first year medical students were able mention correctly the differences between the Healer and the professional and 83(58.5%) of fifth year students specified the confidentiality issue in taking informed consent, respectively. However, the students' categorised the regulation of organ transplantation and tissue engineering has human rights followed by Religion Teachings bases.Conclusion: Teaching medical ethics, human rights, professionalism and University requirements to the first year medical students and gains during the practical experience of the clinical clerkship have a considerable impact on the student perception of these subjects. Gains are expected to improve if these issues are integrated in all areas of the curriculum.Key words: Professionalism, Human rights, Medical ethics, medical student