The clinical spectrum of primary Sjögren's syndrome: beyond exocrine glands

Although primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) is a mild indolent chronic disease mainly characterized by mucosal dryness in the majority of cases, a consistent subgroup of patients display extra-glandular manifestations. Virtually any organs and systems can be affected, leading to a more serious disease prognosis. Therefore, the prompt identification of patients at higher risk of extra-glandular manifestations is necessary to start a thorough follow up and an aggressive treatment. The aim of this review article is to provide an overview of epidemiological, clinical and serological features of extra-glandular manifestations in pSS as well as current knowledge about putative biomarkers useful in clinical practice

Global Analysis with SNO: Toward the Solution of the Solar Neutrino Problem

We perform a global analysis of the latest solar neutrino data including the SNO result on the CC-event rate. This result further favors the LMA solution of the solar neutrino problem. The best fit values of parameters we find are: \Delta m^2 = (4.8 - 5.0)10^{-5} eV^2, tan^2 \theta = 0.35 - 0.38, f_B = 1.08 - 1.12, and f_{hep} = 1 - 4. With respect to this best fit the LOW solution is accepted at 90% C.L.. The Vacuum oscillation solution with \Delta m^2 = 1.4 10^{-10} eV^2, gives good fit of the data provided that the boron neutrino flux is substantially smaller than the SSM flux (f_B \sim 0.5). The SMA solution is accepted only at 3\sigma level. We find that vacuum oscillations to sterile neutrino, VAC(sterile), with f_B \sim 0.5 also give rather good global fit of the data. All other sterile solutions are strongly disfavored. We check the quality of the fit by constructing the pull-off diagrams of observables. Predictions for the day-night asymmetry, spectrum distortion and NC/CC ratio at SNO are calculated. In the best fit points of the global solutions we find: A_{DN}^{CC} \approx (7 - 8)% for LMA, \sim 3% for LOW, and (2 - 3)% for SMA. It will be difficult to see the distortion of the spectrum expected for LMA as well as LOW solutions. However, future SNO spectral data can significantly affect the VAC and SMA solutions. We also calculate expectations for the BOREXINO rate.Comment: 35 pages, latex, 9 figures; results of analysis slightly changed due to different treatment of the hep neutrino flux; predictions for NC/CC ratio and Borexino rate adde

Extra-articular rheumatoid arthritis

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease that mainly affects the joints, though a consistent proportion of patients may also display extra articular manifestations (EAMs). From rheumatoid nodules to interstitial lung disease, from cardiovascular events to vasculitis, the spectrum of EAMs encompasses various conditions with different prognoses. EAMs may also occur as first RA manifestation, therefore the coordination with other health professionals, including general practitioners, is needed. The aim of this article is to provide an overview on EAMs in RA with particular focus on the recognised risk factors and the available recommendations for managing them, as well as comorbidities in RA patients

Possible international directive for quality control of bee pollen

Comunicação oral da qual só está disponível a apresentação.Possible international directive for quality control of bee pollen.Fundação Ciência e Tecnologia de Portugal POCTI (FEDER) & COMPETE, Ciência Viv

Propolis: Chemical Composition, Biological Properties And Therapeutic Activity

The plant sources and chemical composition of propolis are reviewed. The chemical constituents that may be relevant to its biological and therapeutic activity are discussed. The cytotoxic activity and antimicrobial and pharmacological properties of propolis are presented. Propolis components, which cause allergy and are responsible for anticancer activity, eg, caffeic acid derivatives, are reported. The therapeutic efficacy of propolis in treating diseases caused by microorganisms is described. Some recent concepts about propolis and its use in medicine are presented. © 1995.262839

Potential Utility Of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy And Propolis In Enhancing The Leishmanicidal Activity Of Glucantime [a Utilidade Da Terapia De Oxigenação Hiperbárica E Própolis Em Potencializar A Atividade Leishmanicida Do Glucantime]

In this study we investigated the efficacy of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy, alone or combined with the pentavalent antimonial glucantime on Leishmania amazonensis infection. In parallel, the effect of Brazilian red propolis gel (propain) alone or combined with glucantime on L. amazonensis infection was evaluated. The inhibition of the infection in macrophages treated with glucantime in combination with HBO exposition was greater than that of macrophages treated with glucantime alone or HBO alone. The susceptible mouse strain BALB/c infected in the shaved rump with L. amazonensis treated with glucantime and exposed to HBO showed: time points in the course of the disease in which lesions were smaller than those of mice treated with glucantime alone and revascularization of the skin in the lesion site; interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) levels were not elevated in lymph node cells from these animals. Propain alone was not efficient against lesions, although less exudative lesions were observed in animals treated with propain alone or combined with glucantime. These results reveal the potential value of HBO and red propolis in combination with glucantime for treating cutaneous leishmaniasis and encourage further studies on the effect of more aggressive HBO, propolis and glucantime therapies on different mouse models of leishmaniasis.536329334Alvar, J., Croft, S., Olliaro, P., Chemotherapy in the treatment and control of leishmaniasis (2006) Adv Parasitol., 61, pp. 223-274Arrais-Silva, W.W., Collhone, M.C., Ayres, D.C., de Souza Souto, P.C., Giorgio, S., Effects of hyperbaric oxygen on Leishmania amazonensis promastigotes and amastigotes (2005) Parasitol Int., 54, pp. 1-7Arrais-Silva, W.W., Pinto, E.F., Rossi-Bergmann, B., Giorgio, S., Hyperbaric oxygen therapy reduces the size of Leishmania amazonensis-induced soft tissue lesions in mice (2006) Acta Trop., 98, pp. 130-136Ayres, D.C., Marcucci, M.C., Giorgio, S., Effects of Brazilian propolis on Leishmania amazonensis (2007) Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz., 102, pp. 215-220Ayres, D.C., Marcucci, M.C., Giorgio, S., (2006) Treatment methods of leishmaniasis with Brazilian propolis, , Requested patent. Brazilian National Institute for Intelectual Property, INPI n o PI 018060007317,01/27/2006Barão, S.C., Giorgio, S., Efficacy of 8-bromoguanosine against murine cutaneous leishmaniasis induced with Leishmania amazonensis (2003) Chemotherapy., 49, pp. 159-162Barroso, P.A., Marco, J.D., Calvopina, M., Kato, H., Korenaga, M., Hashiguchi, Y., A trial of immunotherapy against Leishmania amazonensis infection in vitro and in vivo with Z-100, a polysaccharide obtained from Mycobacterium tuberculosis, alone or combined with meglumine antimoniate (2007) J Antimicrob Chemother., 59, pp. 1123-1129Berman, J.D., Current treatment approaches to leishmaniasis (2003) Curr Opin Infect Dis., 16, pp. 397-401Bouguila, J., Chabchoub, I., Moncef, Y., Mlika, A., Saghrouni, F., Boughamoura, L., Traitement dy syndrome d'activation macrophagique severe associé à une leishmaniose viscérale (2010) Arch Pediatr., 17, pp. 1566-1570Daruwalla, J., Greish, K., Nikfarjam, M., Millar, I., Malcontenti-Wilson, C., Iyer, A.K., Evaluation of the effect of SMA-pirarubicin micelles on colorectal cancer liver metastases and of hyperbaric oxygen in CBA mice (2007) J Drug Target., 15, pp. 487-495Desjeux, P., Leishmaniasis: Current situation and new perspectives (2004) Comp Immunol. Microbiol Infect Dis., 27, pp. 305-318Fedele, T.A., Andrades, N.E.D., Marumo, K.T., Marcucci, M.C., Maria, D.A., Evaluation of the antitumoral activity of red propolis in association with a protease in melanoma (2007) Applied Cancer Res., 27, pp. 125-126Frézard, F., Demicheli, C., Ribeiro, R.R., Pentavalent antimonials: New perspectives for old drugs (2009) Molecules., 14, pp. 2317-2336Gangneux, J.P., Sulahian, A., Garin, Y.J., Derouin, F., Efficacy of aminosidine administered alone or in combination with meglumine antimoniate for the treatment of experimental visceral leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania infantum (1997) J Antimicrob Chemother., 40, pp. 287-289Grimaldi Jr., G., Tesh, R.B., Leishmaniasis of the New World: Current concepts and implications for future research (1993) Clin Microbiol Rev., 6, pp. 230-250Handman, E., Leishmaniasis: Current status of vaccine development (2001) Clin Microbiol Rev., 14, pp. 229-243Ijichi, H., Taketomi, A., Yoshizumi, T., Uchiyama, H., Yonemura, Y., Soejima, Y., Shimada, M., Hyperbaric oxygen induces vascular endothelial growth factor and reduces liver injury in regenerating rat liver after partial hepatectomy (2006) J Hepatol., 45, pp. 28-34Kaide, C.G., Khandelwal, S., Hyperbaric oxygen: Applications in infectious disease (2008) Emerg Med Clin North Am., 26, pp. 571-595McElrath, M.J., Kaplan, G., Nusrat, A., Cohn, Z.A., Cutaneous leishmaniasis. The defect in T cell influx in BALB/c mice (1987) J Exp Med., 165, pp. 546-559Miguel, D.C., Yokoyama-Yasunaka, J.K., Uliana, S.R., Tamoxifen is effective in the treatment of Leishmania amazonensis infections in mice (2008) PLoS Negl Trop Dis., 2, pp. e249Monzote, L., Montalvo, A.M., Scull, R., Miranda, M., Abreu, J., Combined effect of the essential oil from Chenopodium ambrosioides and antileishmanial drugs on promastigotes of Leishmania amazonensis (2007) Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo., 49, pp. 257-260Mutizo, J.M., Macharia, J.C., Barasa, M., Taracha, E., Bourdichon, A.J., Gicheru, M.M., In vitro and in vivo antileishmanial efficacy of a combination therapy of diminazene and artesunate against Leishmania donovani in Balb/c mice (2011) Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo., 53, pp. 129-132Padrón-Nieves, M., Díaz, E., Machuca, C., Romero, A., Ponte Sucre, A., Glibenclamide modulates glucantime activity and disposition in Leishmania major (2009) Exp Parasitol., 121, pp. 331-337Qi, H., Ji, J., Wanasen, N., Soong, L., Enhanced replication of Leishmania amazonensis amastigotes in gamma interferon-stimulated murine macrophages: Implications for the pathogenesis of cutaneous leishmaniasis (2004) Infect Immun., 72, pp. 988-995Reithinger, R., Dujardin, J.C., Louzir, H., Pirmez, C., Alexander, B., Brooker, S., Cutaneous leishmaniasis (2007) Lancet Infect Dis., 7, pp. 581-596Salmanpoor, R., Bahmani, M., Comparison between intralesional glucantime plus steroid and glucantime in the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis (2007) Hormozgan Med J., 11, p. 26Sander, A.L., Henrich, D., Muth, C.M., Marzi, I., Barker, J.H., Frank, J.M., In vivo effect of hyperbaric oxygen on wound angiogenesis and epithelialization (2009) Wound Repair Regen., 17, pp. 179-184Serrano-Martín, X., Payares, G., de Lucca, M., Martinez, J.C., Mendoza-Léon, A., Benaim, G., Amiodarone and miltefosine act synergistically against Leishmania mexicana and can induce parasitological cure in a murine model of cutaneous leishmaniasis (2009) Antimicrob Agents Chemother., 53, pp. 5108-5113Sforcin, J.M., Bankova, V., Propolis: Is there a potential for the development of new drugs? (2011) J Ethnopharmacol., 133, pp. 253-260Solgi, G., Kariminia, A., Abdi, K., Darabi, M., Ghareghozloo, B., Effects of combined therapy with thalidomide and glucantime on leishmaniasis induced by Leishmania major in BALB/c mice (2006) Korean J Parasitol., 44, pp. 55-61Stiegler, P., Matzi, V., Pierer, E., Hauser, O., Schaffellner, S., Renner, H., Creation of a prevascularized site for cell transplantation in rats (2010) Xenotransplantation., 17, pp. 379-390Taylor, P.L., Wright, G.D., Novel approaches to discovery of antibacterial agents (2008) Anim Health Res Rev., 9, pp. 237-246Trusheva, B., Popova, M., Bankova, V., Simova, S., Marcucci, M.C., Miorin, P.L., Bioactive constituents of Brazilian red propolis (2006) Evid Based Complement Alternat Med., 3, pp. 249-254van Griensven, J., Boelaert, M., Combination therapy for visceral leishmaniasis (2011) Lancet., 377, pp. 443-44

Effect Of Hydroalcoholic Propolis Solution And Robenidin On The Performance Of Growing Rabbits [efeito Da Solução Hidroalcoólica De Propólis E Robenidina No Desempenho De Coelhos Em Crescimento]

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of a hydroalcoholic propolis solution (HPS) on the performance and carcass traits New Zealand White rabbits from 40th to 90th days of age. Eighty-four rabbits, 54 female, 30 male were distributed to a complete randomly design, with six treatments and 14 replicates. One group received a diet containing 66 ppm of robenidin (.1% CycostatÒ) and pure water and the other five groups of animals received a diet without robenidin and water with different levels of HPS (.0, 4.0, 8.0, 12.0, and 16.0 mL of HPS/L of water). The treatment of animals that received .0 mL of HPS consisted of a mixture of 2.2 mL of cereal alcohol/L of water. The water was provided in a dark bottle adapted to the cages with a valve for ingestion. The diet containing 16% of crude protein and 2600 kcal ED/kg, was pelleted and ad libitum fed. The inclusion of HPS in the drinking water was harmful to the performance of rabbits both periods of 40 to 70 days of age and the overall experimental period of 40 to 90 days of age. However, the use of HPS did not affect the quantitative carcass traits and edible viscera weight. The use of Robenidin provided a better performance than the HPS.271150156(1987) Recomendações para a Nutrição Animal. 5 Ed., 86p. , Rhone - PoulencAsis, M., (1988) Los Productos de Colmena, 68p. , Centro de Informacion e Documentacion Agropecuário, Havana, CubaBrumfitt, W., Miller, J.M.T.H., Franklin, I., Antibiotic activity of natural products: 1. Própolis (1990) Microbios, 62, pp. 19-22Buhatel, T., Vesa, S., Sabau, A.L., Contributii la cunoasterea actiunii biostimulatoare a propolisului asupra tineretului porcin si aviar (1983) Buletinul Institutului Agronomic, 37, pp. 45-48. , Cluj-Napoca-Zootechnie si Medicina Veterinara(1979) Deutscher Arzneimittel- Codex, 1 (1), p. 14. , Deutscher Apothekerverbande ed. 1979. Frankfurt, Govi Deutscher Apotheker, Codex- Probe 12Ciani, A., La coniglicoltura verso gli anni 2000 (1994) Rivista di Coniglicoltura, (12), pp. 15-25(1988) Farmacopéia Brasileira, 4 Ed., , São Paulo, Edit. AteneuFranco, S.L., (1995) Técnica de Extração de Ceras da Própolis, , Informações pessoais, Laboratório de Farmacognozia, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá - PRGhisalberti, E.L., Propolis: A review (1979) Bee World, (60), pp. 59-84. , CardiffGrange, J.M., Davey, R.W., Antibacterial properties of propolis (bee glue) (1990) J. R. Soc. Med., 83, pp. 159-160Grunberger, D., Banerjee, R., Eisinger, K., Preferential cytotoxicity on tumor cells by caffeic acid phenethyl ester isolated from propolis (1988) Experientia, (44), pp. 230-232Hernández, N.M.R., Bernal, K.C., Efecto antibiótico del propóleo frente a cepas de Staphylococcus aureus de origen clínico humano (1990) R. Cubana Farm., 1 (24), pp. 45-50Hollands, I., Miyares, C., Sigarroa, A., Efficacy of propolis against infection by intestinal Eimeria in rabbits (1984) R. Cubana de Cien. Vet., 15 (2), pp. 157-163Hollands, I., Miyares, C., Sigarroa, A., Comparative analysis of the action of própolis, sulphaquinoxalina and sulphamethazine in rabbits with coccidiosis (1988) R. Cubana Cien. Vet., 19 (2), pp. 99-104Kivalkina, V.S., Barskov, A.A., Selivanova, A.S., Preparations of propolis for veterinary use (1985) Veterinariya, (8), pp. 64-65Marcucci, M.C., Propolis: Chemical composition, biological properties and therapeutic activity (1995) Apidologie, 26, pp. 83-99Marini - Béttolo, G.B., (1980) Preliminary Chemical Screening of Medicinal Plants in Field Conditions, , World Health Organization, WHO, DPM/80, 5Scapinello, C., (1993) Níveis de Proteina Bruta e de Energia Digestível e Exigencias de Lisina e de Metionina+cistina, para Coelhos da Raça Nova Zelândia Branco, em Crescimento, 215p. , Viçosa, Minas Gerais, UFV, 1993. Tcse (Doutorado em Zootecnia) - Universidade Federal de ViçosaSilva, D.J., (1990) Análise de Alimentos (Métodos Químicos e Biológicos). 2 Ed., 165p. , Viçosa, UFVTorres, D., Hollands, I., Palacios, E., Efecto de un extracto alcohólico de propóleos sobre el crescimiento de Giardia lamblia "in vitro" (1990) R. Cubana Cienc. Vet., 21 (1), pp. 15-19Tursunaliev, S., Propolis combined with dibiomycin for colibacteriosis in lambs (1985) Veterinariya, (10), p. 6