Comparison by gender of students with behavior problems who dropped out of school

AbstractThe main objective was to identify personal, family and school-related factors which distinguish students presenting behavior problems who drop out from those who persist. A multidimensional evaluation process shows that these students : do not cooperate in class; benefit from little supervision at home; show low achievement; and that teachers harbor negative attitudes towards them. No gender differences were found on the vast majority of factors even though a large percentage of girls with behavior problems do succeed in obtaining their high school diploma

L’abandon familial dans le roman français contemporain : une étude comparative de "Rosie Carpe" et de "Trois femmes puissantes" de Marie Ndiaye, des "Particules élémentaires" et de "La possibilité d'une île" de Michel Houellebecq

Ce mémoire présente une analyse comparée des romans Les Particules élémentaires (1998) et La Possibilité d’une île (2005) de Michel Houellebecq ainsi que de Rosie Carpe (2001) et de Trois femmes puissantes (2009) de Marie NDiaye. L’objectif était de montrer que les scènes d’énonciation révèlent un discours particulier sur l’éclatement des relations familiales et permettent de dégager des traces de la crise familiale qui traverse le monde occidental depuis la fin du 20e siècle. Nous avons examiné la construction discursive de la famille et ses formes d’éclatement en nous intéressant aux figures de l’abandon dans ces romans. Nous avons fait ressortir une demande de reconnaissance consécutive à une expérience du rejet et du mépris dans une approche linguistique pour le texte littéraire. Ceci nous a permis de préciser l’ethos et la scénographie propres à chaque roman. Nous nous employons à vérifier l’hypothèse que les quatre romans sont représentatifs de la dissolution identitaire d’un individu en crise par rapport au lien de sa filiation

Cheminement de décrocheurs et de décrocheuses

L’objectif de cette étude à méthodologie mixte menée auprès de 32 décrocheurs est d’identifier les facteurs de risque d’abandon scolaire et de décrire leurs cheminements dans leurs milieux de vie. Un volet quantitatif sert à identifier les facteurs de risque, alors qu’un volet qualitatif permet de décrire le vécu des participants. Les résultats montrent que les participants ont fait face à un cumul de facteurs de risque alors qu’ils étaient inscrits à l’école secondaire. Aussi le discours des jeunes montre-t-il que, pour plusieurs, les difficultés vécues à l’enfance dans la famille les ont conduits progressivement vers l’abandon. Les difficultés rencontrées en milieu scolaire sont parfois attribuables à l’élève, parfois à son interaction avec ce milieu et ses intervenants.The aim of this study is to identify the risk factors for leaving school and to describe progress in the lives of 32 dropout students. Using a mixed methodology, a quantitative aspect identifies risk factors, while a qualitative one describes the participants’ experiences. The results show that participants have experienced a number of risk factors while enrolled in secondary school. As well, the remarks of many of them show that the difficulties experienced in their childhood with their families have led them progressively towards dropping out of school. Difficulties experienced in the school environment are sometimes attributed to the student himself, and sometimes to the interaction with this milieu and school personnel.El objetivo de este estudio, a metodología mixta conducido con 32 alumnos que han abandonado los estudios, es identificar los factores de riesgo de abandono escolar y describir sus desarrollos en sus ámbitos de vida. Una vertiente cuantitativa sirve a identificar los factores de riesgo, mientras que otra, cualitativa, permite describir la vivencia de los participantes. Los resultados muestran que los participantes se enfrentaron a un cúmulo de factores de riesgo mientras cursaban la secundaria. Asimismo el discurso de los jóvenes muestra que, para muchos, las dificultades sufridas durante la infancia en la familia les llevaron progresivamente hacia el abandono. Las dificultades encontradas en el medio escolar son a veces atribuibles al alumno y a veces a su interacción con este medio y sus educadores

Perspectives on strategies to foster inclusion through sports : advantages, disadvantages and considerations for implementation.

This article presents the results of a study on the perspectives of stakeholders from mainstream and specialised sports settings on seven strategies that could boost the impact of sports on social inclusion of people with intellectual disability. These strategies are: 1) developing Unified Sports; 2) conducting activities to raise awareness; 3) providing training to coaches; 4) using shadows; 5) developing a peer-support structure; 6) having a resource person available when needed; 7) facilitating engagement in non-playing roles. The perspectives of 28 stakeholders regarding the advantages, disadvantages and considerations for implementation of the different strategies were gathered in discussion groups. Findings could help diversify opportunities for athletes with intellectual disability and develop programs and policies that contribute to building inclusive communities through sports

Consensus group sessions: a useful method to reconcile stakeholders’ perspectives about network performance evaluation

Background: Having a common vision among network stakeholders is an important ingredient to developing a performance evaluation process. Consensus methods may be a viable means to reconcile the perceptions of different stakeholders about the dimensions to include in a performance evaluation framework. Objectives: To determine whether individual organizations within traumatic brain injury (TBI) networks differ in perceptions about the importance of performance dimensions for the evaluation of TBI networks and to explore the extent to which group consensus sessions could reconcile these perceptions. Methods: We used TRIAGE, a consensus technique that combines an individual and a group data collection phase to explore the perceptions of network stakeholders and to reach a consensus within structured group discussions. Results: One hundred and thirty-nine professionals from 43 organizations within eight TBI networks participated in the individual data collection; 62 professionals from these same organisations contributed to the group data collection. The extent of consensus based on questionnaire results (e.g. individual data collection) was low, however, 100% agreement was obtained for each network during the consensus group sessions. The median importance scores and mean ranks attributed to the dimensions by individuals compared to groups did not differ greatly. Group discussions were found useful in understanding the reasons motivating the scoring, for resolving differences among participants, and for harmonizing their values

Fine mapping of GWAS signals to identify genetic markers of the plasma triglyceride response to an omega-3 fatty acid supplementation

Background: Using a genome-wide association study (GWAS) approach, our group previously computed a genetic risk score (GRS) from single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of ten loci which affect the plasma triglyceride (TG) response to an omega-3 (n-3) fatty acid (FA) supplementation. Objective: The objective was to compute a novel and more refined GRS using fine mapping to include a large number of genetic variants. Design: A total of 208 participants of the Fatty Acid Sensor (FAS) study received 5g of fish oil per day, containing 1.9–2.2g of eicosapentanoic acid and 1.1g of docosahexanoic acid, for six weeks. Plasma TG levels were measured before and after supplementation. Dense genotyping and genotype imputation were employed to refine mapping around GWAS hits. A GRS was computed by summing the number of at-risk alleles of tagging SNPs. Analyses were replicated in samples of the FINGEN study. Results: A total of 31 tagging SNPs associated with the TG response were used for GRS calculation in the FAS study. In a general linear model adjusted for age, sex and body mass index, the GRS explained 49.73% of TG response variance (p < 0.0001). Non-responders to the n-3 FA supplementation had a higher GRS than responders. In the FINGEN replication study, the GRS explained 3.67% of TG response variance (p = 0.0006). Conclusion: Fine mapping proved to be effective to refine the previous GRS. Carrying increasing numbers of at-risk alleles of 31 SNPs confers a higher risk of being non-responsive to n-3 FA. The genetic profile therefore appears to be an important determinant of the plasma TG response to an n-3 FA supplementation and could be used to target those most likely to gain clinical benefit

Swelfe: a detector of internal repeats in sequences and structures

Summary: Intragenic duplications of genetic material have important biological roles because of their protein sequence and structural consequences. We developed Swelfe to find internal repeats at three levels. Swelfe quickly identifies statistically significant internal repeats in DNA and amino acid sequences and in 3D structures using dynamic programming. The associated web server also shows the relationships between repeats at each level and facilitates visualization of the results

L’abandon familial dans le roman français contemporain : une étude comparative de "Rosie Carpe" et de "Trois femmes puissantes" de Marie Ndiaye, des "Particules élémentaires" et de "La possibilité d'une île" de Michel Houellebecq

Ce mémoire présente une analyse comparée des romans Les Particules élémentaires (1998) et La Possibilité d’une île (2005) de Michel Houellebecq ainsi que de Rosie Carpe (2001) et de Trois femmes puissantes (2009) de Marie NDiaye. L’objectif était de montrer que les scènes d’énonciation révèlent un discours particulier sur l’éclatement des relations familiales et permettent de dégager des traces de la crise familiale qui traverse le monde occidental depuis la fin du 20e siècle. Nous avons examiné la construction discursive de la famille et ses formes d’éclatement en nous intéressant aux figures de l’abandon dans ces romans. Nous avons fait ressortir une demande de reconnaissance consécutive à une expérience du rejet et du mépris dans une approche linguistique pour le texte littéraire. Ceci nous a permis de préciser l’ethos et la scénographie propres à chaque roman. Nous nous employons à vérifier l’hypothèse que les quatre romans sont représentatifs de la dissolution identitaire d’un individu en crise par rapport au lien de sa filiation