A montanha magica como Bildungsroman

Orientador: Jeanne-Marie Gagnebin de BonsDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da LinguagemResumo: A presente dissertação de mestrado dedica-se a verificar como o romance de Thomas Mann A montanha mágica poderia filiar-se ao gênero literário do Bildungsroman. Sua introdução é um breve comentário sobre o estabelecimento do gênero literário do Bildungsroman enquanto tal, seguido de um excurso, igualmente breve, aos temas que ocupavam Thomas Mann aquando da redação deste seu romance, mediante a identificação de temas centrais das Betrachtungen eines Unpolitischen (Considerações de um apolítico). Feito isto, parte-se ao trabalho propriamente dito de pôr A montanha mágica ao lado do romance de Goethe Anos de aprendizado de Wilhelm Meister, paradigma do gênero em causa, para investigar o proveito em lê-Io como Bildungsroman. A própria questão sobre o que seria efetivamente um Bildungsroman desperta polêmica até os dias atuais. Discutir A montanha mágica na qualidade de Bildungsromanimplica,pois - sempretacitamente-, em voltar à pergunta sobre o que teria feito dos Anos de aprendizado de Wilhelm Meister o primeiro romance de uma série que constituiu tradição dentro da literatura de língua alemã. Mas esta pergunta não é apresentada como tal no corpo do texto, pois o que se pretendeu foi cingir-se a aproximar ambos os romances e esclarecer como este expediente é eficaz para compreendê-Ios. Seja como for, espera-se que mesmo a investigação do gênero tomada em si mesma sempre possa aproveitar-se das diversas incursões que se têm feito ao longo do tempo àquelas obras a ele imputadasZusammenfassung: In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird der Frage nachgegangen, inwieweit Thomas Manns Roman Der Zauberberg der literarischen Gattung des Bildungsromans zugeordnet werden kann. Die Einleitung der Arbeit besteht aus einem Kurzkommentar über die Entstehung der literarischen Gattung des Bildungsromans; dem folgt, indem die zentralen Themen aus Betrachtungen eines Unpolitischen bestimmt werden, ein Exkurs über die Themen, die Thomas Mann zur Zeit der Niederschrift des Romans beschãftigten. Im Hauptteil der Arbeit wird Der Zauberberg dem Roman von Goethe Wilhelm Meisters Lehrjahre - dem Paradigma der Gattung - zur Seite gestellt, und es wird untersucht, ob Thomas Manns Buch in produktiver Weise aIs Bildungsroman gelesen werden kann. Die Frage, was eigentlich ein Bildungsroman sei, ist auch in heutiger Zeit noch umstritten. Eine Betrachtung Des Zauberbergs aIs Bildungsroman impliziert aIso immer auch - wenngleich unausgesprochen - eine Rückbetrachtung der Gründe, die Wilhelm Meisters Lehrjahre zum ersten Roman einer Gattung werden lieBen, die sich dann - aus heutiger Sicht - aIs Tradition in der deutschsprachigen Literatur etabliert hat. Dieser Fragestellung wird jedoch im HauptteiI der Arbeit nicht nachgegangen, da dieser sich darauf beschrãnkt, beide Romane gegenüberzustellen, um dadurch aufzuklãren, ob dieser Weg geeignet ist, sie zu verstehen. Es wird jedoch gehofft, dass eine Untersuchung der Gattung aIs solche aus den verschiedenen Annãherungen, die im Lauf der Zeit an ihr unterstellte Werke gemacht wurden, Nutzen ziehen kannMestradoTeoria LiterariaMestre em Letra

Genomic analysis of the TRIM family reveals two groups of genes with distinct evolutionary properties

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The TRIM family is composed of multi-domain proteins that display the Tripartite Motif (RING, B-box and Coiled-coil) that can be associated with a C-terminal domain. TRIM genes are involved in ubiquitylation and are implicated in a variety of human pathologies, from Mendelian inherited disorders to cancer, and are also involved in cellular response to viral infection.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Here we defined the entire human TRIM family and also identified the TRIM sets of other vertebrate (mouse, rat, dog, cow, chicken, tetraodon, and zebrafish) and invertebrate species (fruitfly, worm, and ciona). By means of comparative analyses we found that, after assembly of the tripartite motif in an early metazoan ancestor, few types of C-terminal domains have been associated with this module during evolution and that an important increase in TRIM number occurred in vertebrate species concomitantly with the addition of the SPRY domain. We showed that the human TRIM family is split into two groups that differ in domain structure, genomic organization and evolutionary properties. Group 1 members present a variety of C-terminal domains, are highly conserved among vertebrate species, and are represented in invertebrates. Conversely, group 2 is absent in invertebrates, is characterized by the presence of a C-terminal SPRY domain and presents unique sets of genes in each mammal examined. The generation of independent sets of group 2 genes is also evident in the other vertebrate species. Comparing the murine and human TRIM sets, we found that group 1 and 2 genes evolve at different speeds and are subject to different selective pressures.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>We found that the TRIM family is composed of two groups of genes with distinct evolutionary properties. Group 2 is younger, highly dynamic, and might act as a <it>reservoir </it>to develop novel TRIM functions. Since some group 2 genes are implicated in innate immune response, their evolutionary features may account for species-specific battles against viral infection.</p

Advancing Craniopharyngioma Management: A Systematic Review of Current Targeted Therapies and Future Perspectives

Craniopharyngiomas present unique challenges in surgical management due to their proximity to critical neurovascular structures. This systematic review investigates genetic and immunological markers as potential targets for therapy in craniopharyngiomas, assessing their involvement in tumorigenesis, and their influence on prognosis and treatment strategies. The systematic review adhered to PRISMA guidelines, with a thorough literature search conducted on PubMed, Ovid MED-LINE, and Ovid EMBASE. Employing MeSH terms and Boolean operators, the search focused on craniopharyngiomas, targeted or molecular therapy, and clinical outcomes or adverse events. Inclusion criteria encompassed English language studies, clinical trials (randomized or non-randomized), and investigations into adamantinomatous or papillary craniopharyngiomas. Targeted therapies, either standalone or combined with chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy, were examined if they included clinical outcomes or adverse event analysis. Primary outcomes assessed disease response through follow-up MRI scans, categorizing responses as follows: complete response (CR), near-complete response (NCR), partial response, and stable or progressive disease based on lesion regression percentages. Secondary outcomes included treatment type and duration, as well as adverse events. A total of 891 papers were initially identified, of which 26 studies spanning from 2000 to 2023 were finally included in the review. Two tables highlighted adamantinomatous and papillary craniopharyngiomas, encompassing 7 and 19 studies, respectively. For adamantinomatous craniopharyngiomas, Interferon-2α was the predominant targeted therapy (29%), whereas dabrafenib took precedence (70%) for papillary craniopharyngiomas. Treatment durations varied, ranging from 1.7 to 28 months. Positive responses, including CR or NCR, were observed in both types of craniopharyngiomas (29% CR for adamantinomatous; 32% CR for papillary). Adverse events, such as constitutional symptoms and skin changes, were reported, emphasizing the need for vigilant monitoring and personalized management to enhance treatment tolerability. Overall, the data highlighted a diverse landscape of targeted therapies with encouraging responses and manageable adverse events, underscoring the importance of ongoing research and individualized patient care in the exploration of treatment options for craniopharyngiomas. In the realm of targeted therapies for craniopharyngiomas, tocilizumab and dabrafenib emerged as prominent choices for adamantinomatous and papillary cases, respectively. While adverse events were common, their manageable nature underscored the importance of vigilant monitoring and personalized management. Acknowledging limitations, future research should prioritize larger, well-designed clinical trials and standardized treatment protocols to enhance our understanding of the impact of targeted therapies on craniopharyngioma patients

A multimodal staged approach for the resection of a Sylvian aqueduct rosette-forming glioneuronal tumor: A case report and literature review

Abstract Background and importance The rosette-forming glioneuronal tumor (RGNT) is a rare central nervous system tumor which often arises intraventricularly. We report the first surgical case of an RGNT arising from the Sylvian aqueduct treated through a double approach. Clinical presentation A 25-year-old female presented with triventricular hydrocephalus on MRI secondary to a 2 cm Sylvian aqueduct mass. Emergent endoscopic third ventriculostomy with biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of RGNT. She was first followed up and due to the rapid tumor's growth a double surgical approach was proposed. The first was a telo-velar approach to the lower third of the aqueduct. The second stage was an endoscopic ultrasound aspirator aided transfrontal transforaminal approach; last postoperative MRI shows a 6 mm residual tumor. Patient leads an active working and social life. Conclusion Choosing a two stages approach for this rare and complex Sylvian aqueduct RGNT resulted in a positive clinical and radiological outcome

Feedforward control for wave disturbance rejection on floating offshore wind turbines

Floating offshore wind turbines allow wind energy to be harvested in deep waters. However, additional dynamics and structural loads may result when the floating platform is being excited by wind and waves. In this work, the conventional wind turbine controller is complemented with a novel linear feedforward controller based on wave measurements. The objective of the feedforward controller is to attenuate rotor speed variations caused by wave forcing. To design this controller, a linear model is developed that describes the system response to incident waves. The performance of the feedback-feedforward controller is assessed by a high-fidelity numerical tool using the DTU 10MW turbine and the INNWIND.EU TripleSpar platform as references. Simulations in the presence of irregular waves and turbulent wind show that the feedforward controller effectively compensates the wave-induced rotor oscillations. The novel controller is able to reduce the rotor speed variance by 26%. As a result, the remaining rotor speed variance is only 4% higher compared to operation in still water.Comment: Initial submission to the Science of Making Torque from Wind (TORQUE) 2020 conference, 10 pages, 7 figure