Caracterização do perfil psicológico de atletas competidores portugueses na modalidade de judo

Dissertação apresentada para a obtenção do grau de Mestre em Psicologia do Desporto e do Exercício. Orientador: Doutor Carlos Manuel Marques da SilvaCom o objectivo de caracterizarmos o perfil psicológico do judoca competidor português, delineou-se um estudo de âmbito nacional, com uma amostra de 170 atletas, em função de escalões (cadete e júnior), do sexo, do nível competitivo e dos anos de prática, Para a realização deste estudo foi utilizado como método de avaliação o Questionário de Necessidades Psicológicas do Desportista (QNPD), traduzido da versão original espanhola (CNPD), testado, adaptado e validado para a população portuguesa. Os procedimentos estatísticos, utilizados no tratamento dos dados recolhidos, basearam-se em provas paramétricas, onde testámos a significância das diferenças em função das variáveis: sexo, escalão etário, âmbito competitivo e anos de prática. Aplicámos o procedimento estatístico “t” de Student, para amostras independentes, nas três primeiras variáveis independentes e uma ANOVA unifactorial para a variável independente “anos de prática”. Em função das características avaliadas neste estudo, foi possível determinar um perfil médio do judoca competidor português. Todavia, destacamos a necessidade de trabalho psicológico em três dimensões estudadas (motivação, confronto de competições e concentração), pois estas influenciam o rendimento do desportista. Todos os valores obtidos são passíveis de maximização, considerando a dimensão motivação a que melhores índices apresenta em todas as variáveis independentes. Os resultados obtidos não evidenciaram diferenças significativas relevantes nas diversas variáveis independentes (sexo, escalão etário, âmbito competitivo e total de anos de prática). Porém, verificaram-se melhores valores nas dimensões avaliadas, quanto mais elevado é o total de anos de prática dos judocas e quanto mais elevado é o nível competitivo. Na variável independente escalão etário, apesar de não existirem diferenças significativas nos resultados médios obtidos nas dimensões avaliadas, o escalão de cadetes apresentou valores superiores ao escalão de juniores, teoricamente mais experientes, mas igualmente conhecedores das dificuldades e exigências competitivas. Foi encontrada relevância estatística na dimensão de perfil geral ao nível da variável sexo. No entanto, nesta variável não se evidenciaram resultados significativos nas outras dimensões avaliadas. Outra dimensão que apresentou diferenças de relevância estatística, foi a motivação, onde se observaram diferenças significativas entre o grupo de 3 a 7 anos e o grupo de 8 anos e mais de prática.The aim of this study is to characterize the psychological profile of portuguese competitor judoka, in function of the steps of hope and junior of both sexes, competitive and total level of years of practical, delineated a nationwide study with a sample of 170 athletes. For the accomplishment of this study the Questionnaire of Psychological Necessities of Sportsman was used as evaluation method (QPNS), translated of the Spanish original version (CNPD), tested, adapted and validated for the Portuguese population. The used statistical procedures in the treatment of the collected data had been based on parametric tests, developing an analysis descriptive statistics, including the average and shunting line standard of the different considered groups. Differences in function of the changeable sex, age step, competitive scope and years of practical had been established. For this, we applied statistical procedure "t" of Student for independent samples in the three first independent and an unifactorial ANOVA for the independent variable "years of practice". In accordance with these characteristics that had been evaluated in our study, it was possible to us determine an average profile of portuguese judoka, being evidenced necessities of psychological work in the three studied variable, motivation, confrontation of competitions and concentration, that influence therefore of the general profile. All the obtained values are capable of maximization, being able themselves to consider the dimension motivation the one that better indices presents in all the independent variable. The obtained results had not evidenced excellent significant differences in diverse independent variable, sex, age step, competitive scope and total of years of practical, presenting however better values in the evaluated dimensions the more raised it is the total of years of practical of judo competitor and more raised it is the competitive level. In the independent variable age step although significant differences in the obtained average results in the evaluated dimensions not to meet, the step of hopes equally presented superior values to the step of juniors, theoretically more experienced but experts of the difficulties and competitive requirements. The comparisons made that had demonstrated to relevance statistics, they were only registered to the level of the general profile between the changeable sex, where the athletes of masculine sex had gotten higher results. However in this variable there were not significant results in the other evaluated dimensions. Another dimension that presented relevance differences statistics, was to the motivation level, in the total independent variable of years of practical, enters the group of 3 the 7 years and the group of 8 years and more than practical, disclosing this higher values

Validation of the Portuguese Version of the Healthy Lifestyle Questionnaire

The main objective of this study was the validation of the Healthy Lifestyle Questionnaire (EVS II), using a confirmatory factorial analysis of the measurement model, with veteran athletes. A total of 348 veteran Portuguese athletes of both genders, aged between 30 and 60 years (M = 41.64, SD = 9.83), of whom 200 were males and 148 were females, from several sports. The results of the confirmatory factor analysis demonstrate the adequacy of the adapted version of the EVS II, as the factorial structure (6 factors/24 items) has acceptable validity indexes: χ2 = 305.925, p = 0.000, df = 120.017, χ2/df = 2.549, NFI (Normed Fit Index) = 0.909, TLI (Tucker Lewis Index) = 0.918, CFI (Comparative Fit Index) = 0.944, GFI (Goodness of Fit Index) = 0.944, AGFI (Adjusted Goodness of Fit Index) = 0.909, SRMR (Standardized Root Mean Square Residual) = 0.048, RMSEA (Root Mean Square of Approximation) = 0.060, allowing evaluation of the dimensions of balanced diet, respect for mealtime, tobacco and alcohol consumption, other drugs consumption and resting habits. The adaptation to sport of the Portuguese version of EVS II can be used with reasonable confidence in the evaluation of healthy lifestyles in the context of sportinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

The era of misinformation: United States, Russia and European Union

The US elections mean the opening of a new era in the search for global rebalancing, in the triangular relationship between the United States, Russia, and China. The election of Donald Trump sparked a wave of unprecedented protests in America’s electoral history. It exposes an anti-system image that purports to erase policy options implemented by its predecessors, as well as externally reassess the role of NATO. Misinform is a concept that was introduced by Vladimir Putin on a scale of a possible hybrid war with the United States and the European Union. It is therefore important to understand how the European Union will position itself in international relations, by adapting its foreign, defense and security policies, in addition to the consequences of Brexit, needing to rediscover its way in the name of European construction with the emergence of new actors from the BRICS to cyberspace.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

A case study

The aim of this study was to identify the attributes that different tourist segments prioritize in choosing a destination for winter sports and analyze their degree of satisfaction with the services provided by the only ski resort in Portugal. A questionnaire was applied to 200 tourists with factor analysis from which factors were extracted to serve as a basis for a cluster analysis. Five factors about the most valued attributes in choosing a destination were identified, and six consumer clusters were distinguished. Concerning the analysis of satisfaction with the resort’s services, five factors were identified and the preferences of different consumer segments were discriminated from identification of five clusters. The study suggests that consumer segmentation based on the characteristics of the destination’s attributes together with assessment of their satisfaction with the services available can supply relevant information to evaluate organizations’ competitiveness.O objectivo deste estudo foi o de identificar os atributos que diferentes segmentos de turistas privilegiam na escolha de um destino turístico de desportos de inverno e analisar o grau de satisfação destes sobre os serviços prestados pela única estância de ski existente em Portugal. Foi aplicado um questionário a 200 turistas e feita uma análise factorial de onde se extraíram factores que serviram de base a uma análise de clusters. Foram identificados cinco factores acerca dos atributos mais valorizados na escolha do destino e distinguidos seis clusters de consumidores. No que se refere à análise da satisfação sobre os serviços da estância, foram identificados cinco factores e descriminadas as preferências de diferentes segmentos de consumidores através da identificação de cinco clusters. O estudo sugere que a segmentação dos consumidores com base nas características dos atributos do destino em conjunto com uma avaliação da sua satisfação sobre os serviços disponibilizados, pode fornecer informação relevante para avaliar a competitividade das organizações

Postural patterns in the first year of life: contributions of maternal physical activity in the pregnancy period

BACKGROUND: The study objective was intended to verify whether the practice of maternal physical activity during the pregnancy period could be assumed as a contribution to the acquisition of postural patterns in the child during its first year of life. METHODS: A transversal and descriptive study was carried where we recorded the developments observed in a sample of 80 Portuguese children, according to the habits and type of physical activity of the mothers. Statistical descriptive and inferential test were performed. RESULTS: The results were clearly positive in terms of temporal gains of neck tonic control, and also in the acquisition of an erect position. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the average values are not statistical significant we have observed indicators that the maternal physical activity during pregnancy apparently is a factor that can favor the child’s motor development during their first year of life, particularly in the acquisition of postural patterns.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

La atención de los estudiantes durante la clase de educación física basada en el rendimiento académico

Attention is an important variable that can dictate the success and failure of an activity or task. This variable is characterized by the ability to direct cognitive resources to a given situation. The purpose of this research was to find patterns in the students’ attention profiles, according to their academic achievement, during the physical education class and in different sports. We used the ATEST-EF questionnaire (Petrica, 2010) in which students had to answer the question «What were you thinking the moment you heard the signal?» The study involved 156 students from the 3th cycle of basic education, aged between 12 and 16 years old ( = 14,7 ± 1,3) evaluated in four different sports taught in the discipline of physical education (athletics, gymnastics, basketball and football), and in four moments of the class. Considering our variables, we used Chi-Square and Kruskal-Wallis statistical tests. The results show that task attendance holdsthehighestpercentagevalues throughouttheclassinrelationtotheremainingcategories,regardlessoftheiracademicperformance and sport, but we observed that students with satisfactory and good academic performance have more stable values of attention regarding the students with less academic performance. We found statistical significance at the end of the class between students with good academic performance and affective attention, and among students with lower academic performance and attention to other things. Subsequently, we used the same classification to compare the profiles of attention among the four mentioned sports. We observed some patterns between team and individual sports, but did not find statistically differences, however the results suggest a positive relationship between attention and academic performance.La atención es una variable importante que puede dictar el éxito y el fracaso de una actividad o tarea. Esta variable se caracteriza por la capacidad de dirigir recursos cognitivos a una situación dada. El propósito de esta investigación fue encontrar patrones en los perfiles de atención de los estudiantes, de acuerdo con sus logros académicos, durante la clase de educación física y en diferentes deportes. Utilizamos el cuestionario ATEST-EF (Petrica, 2010) en el que los estudiantes tenían que responder la pregunta «Qué estaba pensando en el momento en que escuchó la señal?» En el estudio participaron 156 estudiantes del tercer ciclo de educación básica, con edades comprendidas entre 12 y 16 años (= 14,7 ± 1,3) evaluados en cuatro deportes diferentes que se imparten en la disciplina de educación física (atletismo, gimnasia, baloncesto y fútbol), y en cuatro momentos de la clase. Considerando nuestras variables, utilizamos las pruebas estadísticas Chi-Square y Kruskal-Wallis. Los resultados muestran que la asistencia a las tareas tiene los valores porcentuales más altos en toda la clase en relación con las categorías restantes, independientemente de su rendimiento académico y deporte, pero observamos que los estudiantes con un rendimiento académico satisfactorio y bueno tienen valores de atención más estables con respecto a los estudiantes con Menos rendimiento académico. Encontramos significación estadística al final de la clase entre estudiantes con buen rendimiento académico y atención afectiva, y entre estudiantes con bajo rendimiento académico y atención a otras cosas. Posteriormente, utilizamos la misma clasificación para comparar los perfiles de atención entre los cuatro deportes mencionados. Observamos algunos patrones entre el equipo y los deportes individuales, pero no encontramos diferencias estadísticas, sin embargo, los resultados sugieren una relación positiva entre la atención y el rendimiento académico.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Psychometric validation of Atest-EF and attention profile of students during physical education classes

The present study aimed for the adaptation and validation of the Questionnaire Atest-EF, with the use of a confirmatory factorial analysis (CFA) of the measurement model, applied to students of the 3rd cycle of Basic Education. A total of 156 students of both genders, aged between 12 and 16 years (M = 14.7 ± SD = 1.3) were included in the study, with 84 female and 71 males, from the 7th, 8th and 9th grade. The main results reveal that the psychometric qualities confirm the adequacy of this model, demonstrating that the Atest-EF factorial structure: 1 factor/4 items, has very acceptable indexes of Atest - EF validity: (χ2 = 6.141, p = .000, χ2/gl = 3.07, NFI = 0.90 CFI = .925, IFI = .930, MFI = .9997, GFI = .995, AGFI = .975, RMR = .042, RMSEA = .08, SRMR = .028). With these results, the structural model reveals a satisfactory factorial assessment. This led to conclude that the Portuguese version of Atest-EF can be used, with high confidence in the evaluation of the student’s attention profiles in Physical Education classes. Compared with the moments of the class, there were only significant differences in students’ attention in the approach to sports in the first and fourth moments of the class, as well as in the general profile of attention, with significantly higher values in the approach to team sports.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Transcontextual model application in the prediction of veteran judo athletes’ life satisfaction

Background and Study Aim: Despite recognised benefits of regular physical activity for health, the percentage of individuals linking with a physical activity practice sufficient to confer health benefits is low. The aim of current work is knowledge about effects of an extension of the motivation trans-contextual model application, specifically in the prediction of life satisfaction by veteran judo athletes. Material and Methods: It was used a sample of 99 Portuguese veteran judo athletes of both genders, aged between 30 and 76 years (M = 42.61 ±9.75), where through questionnaires were measured: basic psychological needs satisfaction, motivation, planned behaviour variables and life satisfaction. Results: The structural equations model showed that autonomy perception positively and significantly predicts autonomous motivation. In its turn it positively and significantly predicts intentions. Conclusions: Life satisfaction is positively and significantly predicted by intentions. Results authorise to emphasise the importance of fostering autonomy, since this will favour autonomous motivation, promoting a higher behavioural control over the practitioners’ intentions, thus generating a higher life satisfaction.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Do princípio verum-factum na descontinuidade da existência humana

inscrição “el sueño de la razón produce monstruos” da série de gravuras de Os Caprichos (1799) do pintor Francisco Goya aplicada à realidade concreta e não abstracta da razão coloca-nos no campo da concepção da racionalidade cartesiana em contraposição ao sonho e à criatividade do Homem que na óptica de Giambattista Vico, na Ciência Nova, obedece ao princípio verum-factum ao considerar que “verum et factum reciprocantur seu convertuntur” ou seja “o verdadeiro e o facto se convertem um no outro coincidindo-se”, inserido na regra dos três tempos (idade dos deuses; idade dos heróis; idade dos homens), delegando para a divina providência o conhecimento global

Do Cruzamento Ideológico de Sun Yat-Sen com Jiang Zemin

It’s interesting to analyze the theory of the Three Represents of Jiang Zemin and the Three Principles of the People of Sun Yat-sen in order to study the importance of the political power of China to understand the practical applications of both theories as a guiding ideology