Desenvolvimento de uma reação em cadeia pela polimerase e comparação com a imunodifusão em gel de agar na detecção de infecções pelo vírus da leucemia bovina

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used for bovine leukemia virus (BLV) detection in the peripheral leukocytes of the infected bovines. The primers used were designed to amplify a part of env gene of BLV. PCR products were analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis stained by ethidium bromide. The analytical specificity of PCR was confirmed by enzymatic restriction analysis of the PCR product with Bam HI and also by nucleotide sequence analysis of three PCR samples. Sixty five animals were tested for anti-BLV antibody, by agar gel-immunodiffusion test (AGID) and for direct BLV detection by PCR. There was a 73.80% concordance rate between the two tests. Four animals positive in AGID were PCR negative, while 13 AGID negative animals were found PCR positive. PCR got a 0.87 diagnosis sensitivity and 0.62 specificity. The developed PCR may be complementary tool in the diagnosis of BLV infection, but should have it diagnosis sensitivity improved.A reação em cadeia pela polimerase (PCR) foi utilizada para a detecção do vírus da leucemia bovina (VLB) em leucócitos periféricos de bovinos infectados. Os iniciadores utilizados foram construídos para amplificar uma parte do gene env do VLB. Os produtos da PCR foram analisados por eletroforese em gel de agarose corados por brometo de etídeo. A especificidade analítica da PCR foi confirmada por restrição enzimática dos produtos da reação com Bam HI e também pela análise da seqüência de três amostras. Sessenta e cinco animais foram testados para a presença de anticorpos anti-VLB, pela imunodifusão em gel de agar (IDGA) e pela PCR, para detecção direta do VLB. Houve 73,80% de concordância entre os dois testes. Quatro animais positivos na IDGA foram PCR negativos, enquanto 13 animais negativos na IDGA foram positivos na PCR. A sensibilidade diagnóstica obtida foi de 0,87 e a especificidade diagnóstica 0,62. A PCR desenvolvida pode ser uma ferramenta complementar no diagnóstico de infecções causadas pelo VLB, mas deve ter sua sensibilidade diagnóstica melhorada

INFECÇÃO SIMULTÂNEA PELO VÍRUS DA DIARRÉIA BOVINA A VÍRUS EBABESIA BOVIS EM BEZERRA RECÉM-NASCIDA

Neste texto relata-se o caso de uma bezerra recém-nascida que apresentava lesões nas córneas, focinho, narina e vulva quando foi encaminhada ao Hospital Veterinário da Escola de Veterinária da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (EV-UFMG). O diagnóstico foi de infecção simultânea pelo vírus da diarréia bovina a vírus e por Babesia bovis. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Vírus da diarréia bovina a vírus, bezerra recém-nascida, Babesia bovis

Eggshell microbiology and quality of hatching eggs subjected to different sanitizing procedures

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de diferentes procedimentos de desinfecção alternativos à fumigação com formaldeído sobre a redução da contagem microbiana e a qualidade de casca de ovos de matrizes Cobb de 42 semanas de idade. Um total de 10.080 ovos limpos coletados dos ninhos foi distribuído de maneira aleatória, em delineamento de blocos ao acaso, entre os seguintes tratamentos: fumigação com 13,33 g m-3 de paraformaldeído, fumigação com 5–10 ppm de ozônio, 6,36 mW cm-2 de irradiação de luz UV-C, pulverização com 1,56% de peróxido de hidrogênio, pulverização com 0,13% de ácido peracético, pulverização com água (controle úmido) e sem desinfecção (controle seco). Por tratamento, foram coletadas oito amostras de quatro ovos cada uma, momentos antes e após as desinfecções, para contagem de Enterobacteriaceae e bactérias mesófilas aeróbicas totais da casca. Somente os ovos submetidos aos tratamentos com formaldeído e UV apresentaram redução significativa nas contagens de bactérias mesófilas aeróbicas totais, quando comparados aos do grupo controle seco. Os tratamentos não influenciaram a espessura e a resistência da casca. A exposição de luz UV é eficaz em reduzir a contagem microbiana da casca de ovos de matrizes de 42 semanas de idade, sem afetar sua qualidade, e pode ser considerada alternativa ao uso de formaldeído para desinfecção.The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of different disinfection procedures as alternatives to formaldehyde fumigation on eggshell microbial load and quality of eggs from a 42-week-old Cobb commercial breeder flock. A total of 10,080 clean eggs collected from the nests were randomly distributed in a randomized complete block design, among the following treatment groups: 13.33 g m-3 formaldehyde fumigation, 5–10 ppm ozone fumigation, 6.36 mW cm-2 UV-C light irradiation, spraying with 1.56% hydrogen peroxide, spraying with 0.13% peracetic acid, spraying with water (wet control), and no disinfection procedure (dry control). Per treatment, eight samples of four eggs each were collected before and after the disinfection procedure, in order to count the number of Enterobacteriaceae and total aerobic mesophilic bacteria on the eggshell. Only eggs subjected to the formaldehyde and UV treatments showed a significant reduction in total aerobic mesophilic bacterial count on the eggshell, when compared with those of the dry control group. Treatments did not affect eggshell thickness and resistance force. UV light exposure is effective in reducing microbial load on 42-week-old breeder flock eggshells, without affecting their quality, and can be considered an alternative to formaldehyde disinfection

Assessment of risk scores to predict mortality of COVID-19 patients admitted to the intensive care unit

ObjectivesTo assess the ABC2-SPH score in predicting COVID-19 in-hospital mortality, during intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and to compare its performance with other scores (SOFA, SAPS-3, NEWS2, 4C Mortality Score, SOARS, CURB-65, modified CHA2DS2-VASc, and a novel severity score).Materials and methodsConsecutive patients (≥ 18 years) with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 admitted to ICUs of 25 hospitals, located in 17 Brazilian cities, from October 2020 to March 2022, were included. Overall performance of the scores was evaluated using the Brier score. ABC2-SPH was used as the reference score, and comparisons between ABC2-SPH and the other scores were performed by using the Bonferroni method of correction. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality.ResultsABC2-SPH had an area under the curve of 0.716 (95% CI 0.693–0.738), significantly higher than CURB-65, SOFA, NEWS2, SOARS, and modified CHA2DS2-VASc scores. There was no statistically significant difference between ABC2-SPH and SAPS-3, 4C Mortality Score, and the novel severity score.ConclusionABC2-SPH was superior to other risk scores, but it still did not demonstrate an excellent predictive ability for mortality in critically ill COVID-19 patients. Our results indicate the need to develop a new score, for this subset of patients

Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil: setting the baseline knowledge on the animal diversity in Brazil

The limited temporal completeness and taxonomic accuracy of species lists, made available in a traditional manner in scientific publications, has always represented a problem. These lists are invariably limited to a few taxonomic groups and do not represent up-to-date knowledge of all species and classifications. In this context, the Brazilian megadiverse fauna is no exception, and the Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil (CTFB) (http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br/), made public in 2015, represents a database on biodiversity anchored on a list of valid and expertly recognized scientific names of animals in Brazil. The CTFB is updated in near real time by a team of more than 800 specialists. By January 1, 2024, the CTFB compiled 133,691 nominal species, with 125,138 that were considered valid. Most of the valid species were arthropods (82.3%, with more than 102,000 species) and chordates (7.69%, with over 11,000 species). These taxa were followed by a cluster composed of Mollusca (3,567 species), Platyhelminthes (2,292 species), Annelida (1,833 species), and Nematoda (1,447 species). All remaining groups had less than 1,000 species reported in Brazil, with Cnidaria (831 species), Porifera (628 species), Rotifera (606 species), and Bryozoa (520 species) representing those with more than 500 species. Analysis of the CTFB database can facilitate and direct efforts towards the discovery of new species in Brazil, but it is also fundamental in providing the best available list of valid nominal species to users, including those in science, health, conservation efforts, and any initiative involving animals. The importance of the CTFB is evidenced by the elevated number of citations in the scientific literature in diverse areas of biology, law, anthropology, education, forensic science, and veterinary science, among others

Padronização de uma PCR para o diagnóstico da leucose enzoótica bovina e sequenciamento parcial do gene ENV

Exportado OPUSMade available in DSpace on 2019-08-10T17:07:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 disserta__o_de_mestrado_de_marcelo_fernandes_camargos.pdf: 8040547 bytes, checksum: 94c688deda6d2ea6dfc50f99ca9a4cb1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1A Leucose Enzoótica Bovina (LEB) é uma doença de origem viral responsabilizada pelo desenvolvimento de linfossarcomas em bovinos. A reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) empregando os iniciadores BLV1 e BLV2, foi utilizada com sucesso para amplificação e detecção de parte do gene do envelope (env) em amostras de leucócitos de bovinos soropositivos e soronegativos para o vírus da LEB. A sensibilidade da PCR foi determinada pela diluição seriada de uma amostra de DNA e realização de PCR, obtendo-se o valor de 120 pg de DNA, como a quantidade mínima para a obtenção de resultados positivos na PCR. A especificidade da PCR foi confirmada por restrição enzimática com Bam HI e pelo sequenciamento de três amostras. Os resultados obtidos com a PCR foram comparados com os da Imunodifusão em gel de agar (IDGA), observando-se uma concordância de 73,8% entre os testes.The Enzootic Bovine Leukosis (EBL) is viral disease responsible for the development of lymphosarcomas in cattle. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using the primers BLV1 and BLV2, was used with success for amplification and detection of a part of the envelope gene (env) in samples of bovine leucocytes from EBL - seropositive and EBL - seronegative animals. The sensitivity of PCR was determines by the accomplishment of PCR in tubes containing serial dilutions of DNA extracted from a sample isolated from an infected animal. The load of 120 pg of DNA as template for PCR gave positive results. The specificity of PCR was determined by enzymatic restriction with Bam HI and by sequence analysis of three samples. The results obtained with PCR and agar gel-immunodiffusion (AGID) were compared, with 73,8% agreement between the tests

Detection of pseudocowpox virus in water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) with vesicular disease in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, in 2016

Background: Parapoxviruses are zoonotic viruses that infect cattle, goats and sheep; there have also been reports of infections in camels, domestic cats and seals. Objective: The objective of this report was to describe a case of vesicular disease caused by pseudocowpox virus (PCPV) in water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) in Brazil. Animals: Sixty buffalo less than 6 months old exhibited ulcers and widespread peeling of the tongue epithelium. There were no cases of vesicular disease in pigs or horses on the same property. Methods: Samples were analysed by PCR and sequencing. Phylogenetic analysis in MEGA 7.01 was reconstructed using major envelope protein (B2L) by the Tamura three-parameter nucleotide substitution model and the maximum likelihood and neighbor joining models, both with 1000 bootstrap replicates. The genetic distance between the groups was analysed in MEGA using the maximum composite likelihood model. The rate variation among sites was modeled using gamma distribution. Results: The presence of PCPV in the buffalo herd could be demonstrated in epithelium and serum. The minimum genetic distance between the isolated PCPV strain (262-2016) and orf virus and bovine papular stomatitis virus was 6.7% and 18.4%, respectively. The maximum genetic distance calculated was 4.6% when compared with a PCPV detected in a camel. Conclusions/Clinical Importance: The peculiar position of the isolated strain in the phylogenetic trees does not necessarily indicate a different kind of PCPV that infects buffalo. More samples from cattle and buffalo in Brazil must be sequenced and compared to verify if PCPV from buffalo are genetically different from samples derived from cattle