Sobre a Interpolação e o Uso nas Atividades do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Astronomia

Astronomy represents an area of scientific knowledge that constantly works with numericaldata, derived from observations (spectroscopy, photometry, polarimetry) or from physical-mathematical models. Therefore, analyzing and interpreting data of a scientific nature ob-tained from graphs and/or tables represents a very common task for the astronomer. Often,there is a need to know, for example, the coordinate of an object for a certain date (year,month, day, hour, minute and second) of observation. In other cases, during the acquisi-tion phase, extraneous processes can happen and cause the partial or total commitment ofthe desired astronomical information, which can harm a later analysis (local or global) ofthe phenomenon studied. As the Interpolation method represents a topic of study that ispart of the training process for future Masters of the Postgraduate Program in Astronomy,Professional Master’s in Astronomy (MPASTRO) of the Physics Department of UEFS, weconsider it appropriate to present a small contribution on the Interpolation method in thecontext of Astronomy. An analysis is also carried out on the skills provided for in the BNCC(National Curricular Common Base).A Astronomia representa uma área do conhecimento científico que trabalha constantemente com dados numéricos, oriundos de observações (espectroscopia, fotometria, polarimetria) ou de modelos físico-matemáticos. Portanto, analisar e interpretar dados de natureza científica obtidos a partitr da leitura de gráficos e/ou tabelas representa uma tarefa bastante comum para o(a) astrônomo(a). Muitas vezes, existe a necessidade de se conhecer, por exemplo, a coordenada de um objeto para uma certa data (ano, mês, dia, hora, minuto e segundo) de observação. Em outros casos, durante a fase de aquisição, processos alheios podem acontecer e ocasionar o comprometimento, parcial ou total, da informação astronômica desejada, o que pode prejudicar uma posterior análise (local ou global) do fenômeno estudado. Como o método de Interpolação representa um tema de estudo que faz parte do processo de formação dos futuros mestres do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Astronomia, Mestrado Profissional em Astronomia (MPASTRO) do Departamento de Física da UEFS, julgamos apropriado apresentar uma pequena contribuição sobre o método de Interpolação no contexto da Astronomia. Uma análise também é feita nas habilidades previstas na BNCC (Base Nacional Comum Curricular)

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Análise bioética nas indicações de cirurgia bariátrica em crianças e adolescentes

A cirurgia da obesidade vem sendo reconhecida como tratamento eficiente para perda de peso e melhora das comorbidades a ela associadas. Em adultos, os riscos e benefícios de curto e longo prazo já são bem conhecidos na literatura; contudo, em crianças e adolescentes não existem dados precisos. Por envolver mudanças significativas nos hábitos de vida e na alimentação, a decisão pelo tratamento cirúrgico para essa população ainda é delicada e necessita da participação de toda a equipe médica, além do envolvimento familiar. Para isso, o médico responsável deve conhecer os principais aspectos bioéticos implicados na questão a fim de ponderar sobre os passos necessários para conduzir melhor os casos em que a cirurgia bariátrica é a opção mais adequada

LONG-TERM POSTOPERATIVE ENDOSCOPIC FINDINGS AFTER GASTRIC BYPASS PROCEDURE: a co-occurrence analysis

ABSTRACT Background A multitude of endoscopic findings post-gastric bypass procedures have been previously reported in the literature, but to our knowledge, no present rules exist that could guide clinicians regarding which findings should be actively sought, once an initial finding is identified. Objective To identify co-occurrence patterns among endoscopic findings of patients having undergone past gastric bypass procedure. Methods Our registry involves all consecutive patients undergoing an upper endoscopic evaluation after a gastric bypass procedure. We collected information on the presence of the endoscopic findings in post-gastric bypass surgery patients. Co-occurrence evaluation involved the use of intersection, cluster and item factor analyses. Results A total of 396 endoscopic evaluations were made on 339 patients. Most patients were female (81.1%), with an average BMI of 31.88±6.7 at the time of endoscopy. Esophagitis was the most common isolated finding (35.3%). Endoscopic findings clustered around two groups, (1) the ring-related complications involving ring displacement, ring slips and gastric pouch, while (2) stenosis-related findings involved dilation and stenosis (P<0.01). Conclusion While most endoscopic findings after gastric bypass endoscopic procedures are isolated, ring and stenosis-related clusters should be used as a set of rules by clinicians, as it might enhance their probability of finding co-occurring conditions