H\"older-differentiability of Gibbs distribution functions

In this paper we give non-trivial applications of the thermodynamic formalism to the theory of distribution functions of Gibbs measures (devil's staircases) supported on limit sets of finitely generated conformal iterated function systems in $\R$. For a large class of these Gibbs states we determine the Hausdorff dimension of the set of points at which the distribution function of these measures is not $\alpha$-H\"older-differentiable. The obtained results give significant extensions of recent work by Darst, Dekking, Falconer, Li, Morris, and Xiao. In particular, our results clearly show that the results of these authors have their natural home within thermodynamic formalism.Comment: 13 pages, 2 figure

Margins of Multinational Labor Substitution

Multinational labor demand responds to wage differentials at the extensive margin, when a multinational enterprise (MNE) expands into foreign locations, and at the intensive margin, when an MNE operates existing affiliates across locations. We derive conditions for parametric and nonparametric identification of an MNE model to infer elasticities of labor substitution at both margins, controlling for location selectivity. Prior studies have rarely found foreign wages or operations to affect employment. Our strategy detects salient adjustments at the extensive margin for German MNEs. With every percentage increase in German wages, German MNEs allocate 2,000 manufacturing jobs to Eastern Europe at the extensive margin and 4,000 jobs overall.multinational enterprise, location choice, sample selectivity, labor demand, translog cost function, nonparametric estimation

Offshoring and the onshore composition of tasks and skills

We analyze the relationship between offshoring and the onshore workforce composition in German multinational enterprises (MNEs), using plant data that allow us to discern tasks, occupations, and workforce skills. Offshoring is associated with a statistically significant shift towards more non-routine and more interactive tasks, and with a shift towards highly educated workers. The shift towards highly educated workers is in excess of what is implied by changes in either the task or the occupational composition. Offshoring to low-income countries—with the exception of Central and Eastern European countries—is associated with stronger onshore responses. We find offshoring to predict between 10 and 15 percent of observed changes in wage-bill shares of highly educated workers and measures of non-routine and interactive tasks

Margins of multinational labor substitution

Multinational labor demand responds to wage differentials at the extensive margin, when a multinational enterprise (MNE) expands into foreign locations, and at the intensive margin, when an MNE operates existing affiliates across locations. We derive conditions for parametric and nonparametric identification of an MNE model to infer elasticities of labor substitution at both margins, controlling for location selectivity. Prior studies rarely found foreign wages or operations to affect employment. Our strategy detects salient adjustments for German MNEs. With a one-percent increase in German wages, German MNEs add 2,000 manufacturing jobs in Eastern Europe at the extensive margin and 4,000 jobs overall; a converse one-percent drop in Eastern European wages is associated with an overall withdrawal of 730 MNE jobs from Germany. --Multinational enterprise,location choice,multiple sample selectivity,labor demand,translog cost function,nonparametric estimation

The effect of FDI on job separation

A novel linked employer-employee data set documents that expanding multinational enterprises retain more domestic jobs than competitors without foreign expansions. In contrast to prior research, a propensity score estimator allows enterprise performance to vary with foreign direct investment (FDI) and shows that the foreign expansion itself is the dominant explanatory factor for reduced worker separation rates. Bounding, concomitant variable tests, and robustness checks rule out competing hypotheses. The finding is consistent with the idea that, given global factor price differences, a prevention of enterprises from outward FDI would lead to more domestic worker separations. FDI raises domestic-worker retention more pronouncedly among highly educated workers and for expansions into distant locations. --Multinational enterprises,international investment,demand for labor,worker layoffs,linked employer-employee data

On the asymptotics of the α\alpha-Farey transfer operator

We study the asymptotics of iterates of the transfer operator for non-uniformly hyperbolic $\alpha$-Farey maps. We provide a family of observables which are Riemann integrable, locally constant and of bounded variation, and for which the iterates of the transfer operator, when applied to one of these observables, is not asymptotic to a constant times the wandering rate on the first element of the partition $\alpha$. Subsequently, sufficient conditions on observables are given under which this expected asymptotic holds. In particular, we obtain an extension theorem which establishes that, if the asymptotic behaviour of iterates of the transfer operator is known on the first element of the partition $\alpha$, then the same asymptotic holds on any compact set bounded away from the indifferent fixed point

Canards from Chua's circuit

The aim of this work is to extend Beno\^it's theorem for the generic existence of "canards" solutions in singularly perturbed dynamical systems of dimension three with one fast variable to those of dimension four. Then, it is established that this result can be found according to the Flow Curvature Method. Applications to Chua's cubic model of dimension three and four enable to state the existence of "canards" solutions in such systems.Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1408.489