Investigación en la Universidad de Holguín: compromiso con la Agenda 2030 para el desarrollo sostenible.

Las universidades son agentes de cambio buscando espacios en los que fomentar la investigación interdisciplinar para lograr estilos de vida sostenibles encaminados al cumplimiento de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS) de la Agenda 2030. En este artículo se realiza un estudio de la contribución de la Universidad de Holguín (UHo) en Cuba, al cumplimiento de los ODS a partir de la situación actual de la gestión de investigación en Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación (CTI) y sus resultados en el período 2015-2017. Se utilizó un procedimiento que combina los análisis cualitativo y cuantitativo. Los datos fueron recuperados a través de la triangulación de fuentes de información que provienen de análisis de documentos oficiales del Ministerio de Educación Superior y de la UHo, entrevistas, observaciones y análisis estadístico. Se entrevistaron al vicerrector, director y especialistas en gestión de CTI, presidente del consejo científico asesor, vicedecanos y jefes de proyectos. Dentro del análisis cuantitativo se introduce el cálculo del indicador Coeficiente de Resultados por Proyectos para conocer la contribución de los proyectos a los ODS. Los resultados obtenidos demostraron que la mayor contribución de la UHo es en los objetivos de educación, crecimiento económico e instituciones sólidas y que no se aprovechan las oportunidades del entorno y las potencialidades de su capital humano especialmente en los temas de energías renovables, agua y saneamiento, ciudades y comunidades sostenibles, industria, innovación e infraestructura. Este estudio contribuye a trazar nuevas estrategias que permitan a la UHo anticiparse con mentalidad innovadora a las necesidades del entorno

Expansion of Signal Transduction Pathways in Fungi by Extensive Genome Duplication

[EN] Plants and fungi use light and other signals to regulate development, growth, and metabolism. The fruiting bodies of the fungus Phycomyces blakesleeanus are single cells that react to environmental cues, including light, but the mechanisms are largely unknown [1]. The related fungus Mucor circinelloides is an opportunistic human pathogen that changes its mode of growth upon receipt of signals from the environment to facilitate pathogenesis [2]. Understanding how these organisms respond to environmental cues should provide insights into the mechanisms of sensory perception and signal transduction by a single eukaryotic cell, and their role in pathogenesis. We sequenced the genomes of P. blakesleeanus and M. circinelloides and show that they have been shaped by an extensive genome duplication or, most likely, a whole-genome duplication (WGD), which is rarely observed in fungi [3-6]. We show that the genome duplication has expanded gene families, including those involved in signal transduction, and that duplicated genes have specialized, as evidenced by differences in their regulation by light. The transcriptional response to light varies with the developmental stage and is still observed in a photoreceptor mutant of P. blakesleeanus. A phototropic mutant of P. blakesleeanus with a heterozygous mutation in the photoreceptor gene madA demonstrates that photosensor dosage is important for the magnitude of signal transduction. We conclude that the genome duplication provided the means to improve signal transduction for enhanced perception of environmental signals. Our results will help to understand the role of genome dynamics in the evolution of sensory perception in eukaryotes.European funds (European Regional Development Fund, ERDF); Spanish Ministerio de Economı´a y Competitividad; Junta de Andalucí

Investigación en la Universidad de Holguín: compromiso con la Agenda 2030 para el desarrollo sostenible.

Las universidades son agentes de cambio buscando espacios en los que fomentar la investigación interdisciplinar para lograr estilos de vida sostenibles encaminados al cumplimiento de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS) de la Agenda 2030. En este artículo se realiza un estudio de la contribución de la Universidad de Holguín (UHo) en Cuba, al cumplimiento de los ODS a partir de la situación actual de la gestión de investigación en Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación (CTI) y sus resultados en el período 2015-2017. Se utilizó un procedimiento que combina los análisis cualitativo y cuantitativo. Los datos fueron recuperados a través de la triangulación de fuentes de información que provienen de análisis de documentos oficiales del Ministerio de Educación Superior y de la UHo, entrevistas, observaciones y análisis estadístico. Se entrevistaron al vicerrector, director y especialistas en gestión de CTI, presidente del consejo científico asesor, vicedecanos y jefes de proyectos. Dentro del análisis cuantitativo se introduce el cálculo del indicador Coeficiente de Resultados por Proyectos para conocer la contribución de los proyectos a los ODS. Los resultados obtenidos demostraron que la mayor contribución de la UHo es en los objetivos de educación, crecimiento económico e instituciones sólidas y que no se aprovechan las oportunidades del entorno y las potencialidades de su capital humano especialmente en los temas de energías renovables, agua y saneamiento, ciudades y comunidades sostenibles, industria, innovación e infraestructura. Este estudio contribuye a trazar nuevas estrategias que permitan a la UHo anticiparse con mentalidad innovadora a las necesidades del entorno

EnREDate en el Ribera

Se desarrolla un proyecto de innovación educativa que pretende conectar con el profesorado e implicarlo en la utilización de las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación para aplicarlas en sus asignaturas y repercutir en la formación del alumnado para que igualmente utilicen las Nuevas Tecnologías como complemento a su formación. EnREDate consiste en la divulgación de una forma atractiva y puesta en práctica de una herramienta telemática de trabajo cooperativo desarrollado para centros de enseñanza. Dicha herramienta permite al profesorado y al alumnado colocar sus apuntes, trabajos y sugerencias, y un medio de comunicación La realización del proyecto se ha dividido en tres partes. En la primera parte se ha realizado la formación del profesorado en el uso de la herramienta informática Claroilex en dos turnos de formación, uno de mañana y otro de tarde. El profesorado ha recibido la información necesaria en el uso de Intranet, incidiendo especialmente en la subida de apuntes al servidor para que el alumnado pueda consultarlo, para la realización de exámenes, para la entrega de trabajos y para la comunicación de incidencias. En la segunda fase se ha informado al alumnado sobre la utilización de los recursos a través de regalos con información sobre el funcionamiento del recurso. Se distribuyen dípticos con información sobre el uso de Intranet y carpetas dónde en su portada se narra las posibilidades que pueden realizarse en la plataforma. En tercer lugar se realiza una campaña de concienciación para el uso de esta herramienta informática por parte del profesorado y del alumnado. Finalmente se desarrolla y se lleva a cabo el proyecto de Intranet, siendo exclusivo para el IES Ribera de Castilla y utilizado principalmente por el profesorado y el alumnado de conocimientos centrados en ciencias.Castilla y LeónConsejería de Educación. Dirección General de Universidades e Investigación; Monasterio de Nuestra Señora de Prado, Autovía Puente Colgante s. n.; 47071 Valladolid; +34983411881; +34983411939ES

How do women living with HIV experience menopause? Menopausal symptoms, anxiety and depression according to reproductive age in a multicenter cohort

CatedresBackground: To estimate the prevalence and severity of menopausal symptoms and anxiety/depression and to assess the differences according to menopausal status among women living with HIV aged 45-60 years from the cohort of Spanish HIV/AIDS Research Network (CoRIS). Methods: Women were interviewed by phone between September 2017 and December 2018 to determine whether they had experienced menopausal symptoms and anxiety/depression. The Menopause Rating Scale was used to evaluate the prevalence and severity of symptoms related to menopause in three subscales: somatic, psychologic and urogenital; and the 4-item Patient Health Questionnaire was used for anxiety/depression. Logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) of association between menopausal status, and other potential risk factors, the presence and severity of somatic, psychological and urogenital symptoms and of anxiety/depression. Results: Of 251 women included, 137 (54.6%) were post-, 70 (27.9%) peri- and 44 (17.5%) pre-menopausal, respectively. Median age of onset menopause was 48 years (IQR 45-50). The proportions of pre-, peri- and post-menopausal women who had experienced any menopausal symptoms were 45.5%, 60.0% and 66.4%, respectively. Both peri- and post-menopause were associated with a higher likelihood of having somatic symptoms (aOR 3.01; 95% CI 1.38-6.55 and 2.63; 1.44-4.81, respectively), while post-menopause increased the likelihood of having psychological (2.16; 1.13-4.14) and urogenital symptoms (2.54; 1.42-4.85). By other hand, post-menopausal women had a statistically significant five-fold increase in the likelihood of presenting severe urogenital symptoms than pre-menopausal women (4.90; 1.74-13.84). No significant differences by menopausal status were found for anxiety/depression. Joint/muscle problems, exhaustion and sleeping disorders were the most commonly reported symptoms among all women. Differences in the prevalences of vaginal dryness (p = 0.002), joint/muscle complaints (p = 0.032), and sweating/flush (p = 0.032) were found among the three groups. Conclusions: Women living with HIV experienced a wide variety of menopausal symptoms, some of them initiated before women had any menstrual irregularity. We found a higher likelihood of somatic symptoms in peri- and post-menopausal women, while a higher likelihood of psychological and urogenital symptoms was found in post-menopausal women. Most somatic symptoms were of low or moderate severity, probably due to the good clinical and immunological situation of these women

Demographic, clinical, and functional determinants of antithrombotic treatment in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation

Altres ajuts: Alliance Bristol-Myers Squibb/Pfizer.Background: This study assessed the sociodemographic, functional, and clinical determinants of antithrombotic treatment in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) attended in the internal medicine setting. Methods: A multicenter, cross-sectional study was conducted in NVAF patients who attended internal medicine departments for either a routine visit (outpatients) or hospitalization (inpatients). Results: A total of 961 patients were evaluated. Their antithrombotic management included: no treatment (4.7%), vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) (59.6%), direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) (21.6%), antiplatelets (6.6%), and antiplatelets plus anticoagulants (7.5%). Permanent NVAF and congestive heart failure were associated with preferential use of oral anticoagulation over antiplatelets, while intermediate-to high-mortality risk according to the PROFUND index was associated with a higher likelihood of using antiplatelet therapy instead of oral anticoagulation. Longer disease duration and institutionalization were identified as determinants of VKA use over DOACs. Female gender, higher education, and having suffered a stroke determined a preferential use of DOACs. Conclusions: This real-world study showed that most elderly NVAF patients received oral anticoagulation, mainly VKAs, while DOACs remained underused. Antiplatelets were still offered to a proportion of patients. Longer duration of NVAF and institutionalization were identified as determinants of VKA use over DOACs. A poor prognosis according to the PROFUND index was identified as a factor preventing the use of oral anticoagulation

Expansion of Signal Transduction Pathways in Fungi by Extensive Genome Duplication.

Plants and fungi use light and other signals to regulate development, growth, and metabolism. The fruiting bodies of the fungus Phycomyces blakesleeanus are single cells that react to environmental cues, including light, but the mechanisms are largely unknown [1]. The related fungus Mucor circinelloides is an opportunistic human pathogen that changes its mode of growth upon receipt of signals from the environment to facilitate pathogenesis [2]. Understanding how these organisms respond to environmental cues should provide insights into the mechanisms of sensory perception and signal transduction by a single eukaryotic cell, and their role in pathogenesis. We sequenced the genomes of P. blakesleeanus and M. circinelloides and show that they have been shaped by an extensive genome duplication or, most likely, a whole-genome duplication (WGD), which is rarely observed in fungi [3-6]. We show that the genome duplication has expanded gene families, including those involved in signal transduction, and that duplicated genes have specialized, as evidenced by differences in their regulation by light. The transcriptional response to light varies with the developmental stage and is still observed in a photoreceptor mutant of P. blakesleeanus. A phototropic mutant of P. blakesleeanus with a heterozygous mutation in the photoreceptor gene madA demonstrates that photosensor dosage is important for the magnitude of signal transduction. We conclude that the genome duplication provided the means to improve signal transduction for enhanced perception of environmental signals. Our results will help to understand the role of genome dynamics in the evolution of sensory perception in eukaryotes