Attitude towards People with Disability of Nursing and Physiotherapy Students

Background: Attitudes are a component of our behaviour. Health professionals should have a global perspective of disability. They must provide treatment to people with disability and care for them, but they also should accept them with no judgements or discrimination. The general objective of this study was to know the attitude towards people with disability of nursing and physiotherapy students at the University of Cadiz. Methods: This was a descriptive, correlational, transversal and synchronous study. A total of 200 students participated in the study (91 from the bachelor's degree in nursing and 109 from the bachelor's degree in physiotherapy). The 'Attitudes towards people with disability scale' was used. Results: The mean score for both groups of students was 157.05 (SD = 14.14). Conclusions: Attitudes towards disability of nursing and physiotherapy students at the University of Cadiz tend to be positive. However, this was considered not sufficient since they will be health professionals in the future

Efficacy of different 8 h time-restricted eating schedules on visceral adipose tissue and cardiometabolic health: A study protocol

Background and aims: To investigate the efficacy and feasibility of three different 8 h time-restricted eating (TRE) schedules (i.e., early, late, and self-selected) compared to each other and to a usual-care (UC) intervention on visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and cardiometabolic health in men and women. Methods and results: Anticipated 208 adults (50% women) aged 30e60 years, with overweight/ obesity (25 BMI<40 kg/m2 ) and with mild metabolic impairments will be recruited for this parallel-group, multicenter randomized controlled trial. Participants will be randomly allocated (1:1:1:1) to one of four groups for 12 weeks: UC, early TRE, late TRE or self-selected TRE. The UC group will maintain their habitual eating window and receive, as well as the TRE groups, healthy lifestyle education for weight management. The early TRE group will start eating not later than 10:00, and the late TRE group not before 13:00. The self-selected TRE group will select an 8 h eating window before the intervention and maintain it over the intervention. The primary outcome is changes in VAT, whereas secondary outcomes include body composition and cardio metabolic risk factors. Conclusion: This study will determine whether the timing of the eating window during TRE im pacts its efficacy on VAT, body composition and cardiometabolic risk factors and provide insights about its feasibilit

No evidence of brown adipose tissue activation after 24 weeks of supervised exercise training in young sedentary adults in the ACTIBATE randomized controlled trial

Exercise modulates both brown adipose tissue (BAT)metabolismand white adipose tissue (WAT) browning in murine models. Whether this is true in humans, however, has remained unknown. An unblinded randomized controlled trial (ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT02365129) was therefore conducted to study the effects of a 24-week supervised exercise intervention, combining endurance and resistance training, on BAT volume and activity (primary outcome). The study was carried out in the Sport and Health University Research Institute and the Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital of the University of Granada (Spain). One hundred and forty-five young sedentary adults were assigned to either (i) a control group (no exercise, n = 54), (ii) a moderate intensity exercise group (MOD-EX, n = 48), or (iii) a vigorous intensity exercise group (VIG-EX n = 43) by unrestricted randomization. No relevant adverse events were recorded. 97 participants (34 men, 63 women) were included in the final analysis (Control; n = 35, MOD-EX; n=31, and VIG-EX; n=31).We observed no changes in BAT volume (Δ Control: −22.2 ± 52.6ml; Δ MOD-EX: −15.5 ± 62.1ml, Δ VIG-EX: −6.8 ± 66.4 ml; P = 0.771) or 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake (SUVpeak Δ Control: −2.6 ± 3.1ml; Δ MOD-EX: −1.2 ± 4.8, Δ VIG-EX: −2.2 ± 5.1; p = 0.476) in either the control or the exercise groups. Thus, we did not find any evidence of an exercise-induced change on BAT volume or activity in young sedentary adults.Spanish Government PI13/01393Retos de la Sociedad DEP2016-79512-R PTA-12264IEuropean CommissionSpanish Government FPU13/04365 FPU14/04172 FPU15/04059 FPU16/03653 FPU19/01609Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACyT) 440575Fundacion Iberoamericana de Nutricion (FINUT)Redes Tematicas de Investigacion Cooperativa RETIC Red SAMID RD16/0022AstraZenecaUniversity of Granada Plan Propio de Investigacion 2016 -Excellence actions: Unit of Excellence on Exercise and Health (UCEES)Plan Propio de Investigacion 2018 -Programa Contratos-PuentePrograma Perfecionamiento de DoctoresJunta de Andalucia Consejeria de Conocimiento, Investigacion y Universidades (ERDF) SOMM17/6107/UGRJunta de Andalucia P18-RT-4455Fundacion Alfonso Martin EscuderoMaria Zambrano fellowship by the Ministerio de Universidades y la Union Europea-NextGenerationEU RR_C_2021_04Novo Nordisk FoundationNovocure Limited NNF18OC003239

The Complete Mutatome and Clonal Architecture of Del(5q)

Abstract Cytogenetic abnormalities are found in around half of MDS patients (pts) and have both clinical impact and may be subtype-defining, e.g. in 5q-syndrome. Interstitial deletion of the long arm of chr.5 [del(5q)] is the most common aberration (almost 20% of cases with abnormal cytogenetics). Del(5q) is heterogeneous, occurring as a sole abnormality or in combination, with the deleted region often truncated within or extended and/or beyond the CDR boundaries. Isolated del(5q) is frequently shorter and confers a more favorable prognosis with regard to survival and lenalidomide (LEN) responsiveness, while del(5q) in the context of a complex karyotype (CK) imparts a poor prognosis. In addition to chromosomal lesions, somatic mutations can contribute to the pathogenesis of MDS, including del(5q). We theorized that recognition of molecular defects in MDS with del(5q) may clarify the pathogenic mechanisms behind this lesion and help explain the clinical heterogeneity. We analyzed 225 pts with myeloid neoplasia and del(5q) using WES (n= 107 samples) and targeted multiplexed PCR (top 60 most frequently mutated genes) (n =133 samples); serial analysis was performed in 15 pts studied at ≥2 time points, 11 during LEN therapy and 4 upon relapse/progression. A total of 116 samples had a CK with other lesions such as -7/del(7q) found in 31% cases, and 18% had -17/del(17p). WES (average depth >60x) was followed by a bioanalytic pipeline, detecting ≥1 mutated gene in 71% of cases. Candidate somatic alterations were found in 357 genes and selected for further analysis. When focused on hemizygous mutations within the retained 5q allele, CSNK1A1 mutations were the most common, found in 4 pts, while other genes were only sporadically affected. Among heterozygous mutations on the non-deleted portion of del(5q) and other chromosomes (Chr), we found several novel mutations, in addition to TP53 (n=26), DNMT3A (n=8), PRPF8 (n =8), RUNX1 (n=5), TET2 (n=5), and ASXL1 (n=4), among others. Furthermore, LOH/haploinsuffciency of genes on 7q (e.g., LUC7L2, CUX1, EZH2 and MLL3) appears to be a common defect seen in pts with non-isolated del(5q), suggesting synergistic functional defects. When functionally grouping gene mutations, DNA methylation family (8 cases) and transcription factor mutations (29 cases) were associated with advanced disease (AD) and a CK. Heterozygous mutations in TP53 (34%) or deletions involving the TP53 locus (23%) resulted in total of 42% of cases carrying either TP53 LOH or mutation. TP53 lesions were more common in pts with AD vs. low risk. (21 vs. 5 p =.0008). In contrast, TP53 mutations are found in 8-10% of cases of MDS. A total of 34 pts were treated with LEN and subgrouped into responders (n=17) vs. refractory (n=9) with an overall response rate of 65%. When mutational profiles were compared, the presence of TP53 mutations did not preclude responsiveness to LEN. CK was present in 12% of responders vs. 67% of refractory pts. The most frequent Chr abnormalities were -7/7q (0% vs. 67% in responders vs. refractory) and 17p-(6% vs. 67% in responders vs. refractory) suggestive of their role in LEN resistance. In addition to cross sectional analysis, our WES study using paired Germline/tumor samples followed by deep sequencing facilitated analyses of clonal architecture by examining clonal dynamics over time. Assessment of del(5q) clone size by allelic imbalance combined with clonal burden by VAF allowed us to reconstruct the clonal hierarchy: in 73% of cases, del(5q) appeared to be the initial defect followed by subsequent mutations (e.g., TP53, DNMT3A, IDH2). In contrast, in 24% of cases, TP53, RUNX1, JARID2, were the primary defect followed by a subclonal del(5q) events. Serial samples collected before and after therapy demonstrated that responses were associated with decreased clonal burden for del(5q) but persistence of certain mutations. In refractory cases, persistent subclonal lesions and the appearance of new lesions were associated with progression. For example, pts with TP53, LAMB4, EPHA6 progressed and acquired additional lesions such as CSMD2 or KCND2, and did not see the disappearance of TP53 alterations upon treatment. In conclusion, no unifying somatic defect was found in pts with del(5q) regardless if the deletion event was primary or subclonal. Most commonly associated lesions were not present on the retained 5q alleles but rather other chr yet modified clinical behavior, including responsiveness to LEN. Disclosures Bejar: Celgene: Consultancy, Honoraria; Alexion: Other: ad hoc advisory board; Genoptix Medical Laboratory: Consultancy, Honoraria, Patents & Royalties: MDS prognostic gene signature. Sekeres:Celgene Corporation: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; TetraLogic: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Amgen: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees