On the strategic choice of spatial price policy: the role of the pricing game rules

In this paper, whe show that the strategic choice of spatial price policy under duopoly crucially depends on the rules of price competition. Thisse and Vives (1988) show that spatial price discrimination is a dominant strategy when the mill pricing firm is the leader and the discriminatory firm is the follower. When the leader-follower roles are reversed we find that equilibrium pricing policies depend on the consumer's reservation value. The pricing policy game has two equilibria in pure strategies, either both firms price uniformly (f.o.b.) or both firms price discriminate, when the reservation value is low. For intermediate levels of the reservation value, price discrimination is a dominant strategy and the pricing policy game is similar to a Prisoner's Dilemma. When the consumer reservation value is large enough we obtain asymmetric equilibria in which one firm prices according to f.o.b. and the other price discriminates. We also analyze the case of simultaneous price competition and find a mixed strategies equilibrium for the price competition subgame such that the pricing policy game has two equilibria in pure strategies, either both firms price uniformly or both firms price discriminate.spatial price discrimination, price policy

Product Differentiation with Consumer Arbitrage

Also published as Working Paper DFAEII 2003-01spatial price discrimination, product differentiation, personal arbitrage

Gelation of n3p3[nh(ch2)3si(oet)3]6-n [x]n x = nh(ch2)3si(oet)3, nch3(ch2)3cn and oc6h4(ch2)cn, n = 0 or 3 at the liquid/air/interface

Indexación: ScieloThe compounds N3P3[NH(CH2)3Si(OEt)3]6 (1), N3P3[NH(CH2)3Si(OEt)3]3[NCH3(CH2)3CN]3 (2) and N3P3[NH(CH2)3Si(OEt)3]3 [HOC6H4(CH2)CN]3 (3) undergo slow gelation at the interface oil/air at low temperatures to give perfect gels G1, G2 and G3 respective ly. TEM analysis reveals nanoparticles of silica with mean size of about 10 nm. Pyrolysis under air at 800 °C of these gels affords a mixture of mainly Si5(PO4)6O, SiP2O7 and SiO2. Gelation and pyrolysis products were characterized by IR, solid-state NMR, TEM, SEM-EDAX microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The sol-gel process in the interface liquid /air is discussed in comparison with the usual sol-gel solution process.http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-97072010000300031&nrm=is

Spanish Customer Satisfaction Indices by Cumulative Panel Data

In this paper, we present a new theoretical representation of the Consumer Satisfaction Index (CSI) based on Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). We use panel data collected by an automotive magazine to apply our approach and assess the applicability in the field of marketing by formulating a competitive strategy in the Spanish automobile industry. The basic structure of the CSI is based upon well established theories and approaches to customer satisfaction (see Fornell 1992; Fornell et al., 1996). The structure based upon these theories consists of a number of latent factors, each of which is operationalised by multiple measures. The purpose of this paper is to propose a new way of representing the structure of Spanish Consumer Satisfaction (CS) in the automobile industry to study and compare the implications of its representations. We will discuss that CSI is a global evaluation constructed on the basis of its particular component evaluations. Apart from building a new way of representing the structure of CS, this work tries to correct for the bias produced by the particular method of calculus employed by the magazine.Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), factor analysis, cumulative panel data

Reading Mariátegui: the keys of José Aricó

The urbanization trend in Latin American cities is currently one of the highest in the world. It determines that the increase in urban area is greater than the rate of population growth. In turn, cities use 75% of the energy consumed on the planet. For this reason, they are responsible in equal proportion for the production of greenhouse gases. In response, urban planning should incorporate design strategies to reduce said consumption. As an alternative to this trend, the objective of this investigation is to assess the impact of the different models of urban growth for the same city. To this end, variables related to land use and energy consumption associated with the building and infrastructure requirements necessary to accommodate the growth of the city per year were quantified. The results obtained were compared with the reference values of sustainability indicators developed in Europe to verify their potential implementation in Latin American cities. As a validation exercise, different urban growth models were evaluated in the Mendoza Metropolitan Area, Argentina.The work of the Peruvian author José Carlos Mariátegui constitutes an important milestone in Latin American history of ideas. Since his passing in 1930, there has been multiple reinterpretations of is texts; and one of the most salient points of discussion has been is adscription to Marxism. On the late 70s the Argentinian intellectual José Aricó stated that Matiátegui was one of the most important figures of Latin American Marxism, and compiled a book entitled Mariátegui y los orígenes del marxismo latinoamericano (Mariátegui and the Origins of Latin American Marxism). In this article we appeal to some theoretical tools from history of ideas to interpret Arico´s analysis of Mariátegui, focusing on one of Mariátegui´s more important work: Siete ensayos de interpretación de la realidad peruana (Seven Interpretative Essays of Peruvian Reality).Fil: Aguirre, María Eugenia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto de Ciencias Humanas, Sociales y Ambientales; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo; Argentin

Experimentation on woody plant species from Southern Argentinean Puna: contributions to anthracological studies

En este trabajo se investigó experimentalmente la reacción de ocho especies leñosas ante la acción del fuego. Para esto se planteó un diseño de experimentación de quemas de leña que se llevó a cabo en el área de estudio: Antofagasta de la Sierra, Catamarca. Las especies leñosas seleccionadas para la experimentación fueron aquellas que se usan actualmente como leña en el área de estudio, de acuerdo con las entrevistas etnobotánicas realizadas y los taxones identificados en fogones arqueológicos del área. Los ensayos se realizaron en dos fogones: en cubeta y en piso. Se discuten los resultados obtenidos confrontándolos con el registro arqueológico del área. Este trabajo constituye el punto de partida hacia un nuevo modo de analizar el registro arqueobotánico en relación con el uso de los recursos leñosos en el pasado.The main objective of this research was to describe the reaction of each woody plant species in front of the fire. So, we proposed an experimental design of firewood burning that we carried out in the study area: Antofagasta de la Sierra, Catamarca. This work constitutes the starting point toward a new way to analyze the archaeobotanical record in relation to the use of woody resources in the past. The selected woody species were those used at present day as firewood in the study area, considering the ethnobotanical interviews, and the identified taxa from archaeological camp fires in the area. The results are discussed and, then, confronting with the archaeobotanical record of the area.Fil: Aguirre, María Gabriela. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Rodíiguez, María Fernanda. Secretaría de Cultura de la Nación. Dirección Nacional de Cultura y Museos. Instituto Nacional de Antropología y Pensamiento Latinoamericano; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

Desarrollo de un sistema de búsquedas en voz basadas en ejemplos

En la actualidad existen diversas técnicas para implementar un sistema de búsqueda en voz. En este TFG se describe el desarrollo de un sistema de búsqueda en voz basadas en ejemplos usando el método QbE - STD (Query-by-Example – Spoken Detection Term). El sistema se ajusta a las condiciones de la evaluación ALBAYZIN 2016, es decir, se usan los mismos recursos (archivos) que son proporcionados para los participantes y se despliega uno de los sistemas propuestos. El sistema QbE – STD tiene como objetivo encontrar un término (consulta) en un repositorio (documento). Sin embargo, en lugar de usar palabras o fonemas en formato de texto como términos de búsqueda, el sistema emplea fragmentos de audio como términos de búsqueda. Estos fragmentos, son las consultas y han de ser pre-procesadas. La fase de pre-procesamiento se basa esencialmente en la extracción de características. Conjuntamente los documentos han de pasar por este mismo proceso. La técnica adoptada para la extracción de características debido a sus buenos resultados es la de probabilidades a posteriori de fonemas. Estas son obtenidas a través de un reconocedor fonético. Por otro lado, otra fase fundamental en el desarrollo del sistema es la implementación de un algoritmo de comparación. Se ha implementado el algoritmo S-DTW (DTW de Subsecuencias) el cual es una variante del algoritmo original de alineamiento temporal dinámico (DTW). El algoritmo decide si la consulta se encuentra en el documento o no. En caso afirmativo, nos proporciona los instantes de tiempo en los cuales comienza y termina una posible detección de la consulta dentro de la base de datos. En añadidura se devuelve la puntuación de la detección. Finalmente; se realizan una serie de pruebas y resultados para evaluar la eficacia del sistema.Nowadays, there are available several techniques for the development of a voice search system. In this Bachelor Thesis, we describe a voice search system based on examples employing the QbE – STD (Query-by-Example – Spoken Detection Term) approach. This system satisfies the ALBAYZIN 2016 evaluation conditions, in other words, the system makes use of the same resources (audio files) that were provided for the participants. Furthermore, one of the proposed systems is deployed. The aim of the QbE - STD system is to detect a term (query) in an audio database. Nevertheless, instead of using words or some phonemes in a text format as search terms, the system uses audio fragments as search terms. This audio fragments are the queries, and they must be pre-processed. The pre-processing step is essentially based on the feature extraction. Jointly, the audio database must go through this same process. The phoneme posteriorgrams is the feature extraction approach, this choice is due to its excellent results on the evaluation. These are obtained using phoneme decoders. On the other hand, it is indispensable the implementation of a searching algorithm. The chosen algorithm is the subsequence DTW, a variant of the classic DTW approach. The algorithm decides whether the query is in the audio database or not. If the query is found, it returns the boundaries (the beginning and the end) of the query in the audio database. In addition, the detection score is returned. Finally, several tests and results are performed to evaluate the system’s performance