Programmable-System-on-Chip-based data acquisition system for educational purposes

The project aims to implement a PSoC DVK based DAS system learning resource. The idea is to provide a way to develop signal acquiring basic knowledge, as well as a tool to implement simple measures. In order to do it, hardware and software have been implemented. Hardware consists of PSoC DVK, which has the functions of AC and DC signal acquiring and generating, showing information about the selected function and the acquired signal through a display, and transmitting the acquired samples through the RS-232 communication. Software allows PSoC interacting and showing the acquired samples over the time and in a histogram. The system provides the capability for selecting the ADC type between an integrating, a SAR and a dual integrating. Also, different resolutions and sample rates can be selected. This allows having several configurations in order to study some signal acquiring features, such as the interference rejection capability of the integrating ADC compared to the SAR and the analog circuit response, or to study each ADC type signal acquiring. Finally, the system allows selecting the number of samples to be acquired between some preset quantities. It allows showing a detailed temporal representation of the samples acquired. Also, the input can be scaled in order to profit the ADC resolution for small amplitude signals

Programación de un algoritmo de bajo consumo para medir intervalos de tiempo mediante el MSP430

Hoy en día empieza a ser una necesidad la aplicación de procesos controlados por microcontroladores destinados a bajo consumo, sobre todo en el campo de los sistemas autónomos. Se programará en un microcontrolador un algoritmo destinado a medir tiempos con la máxima resolución, precisión y exactitud posible teniendo en cuenta siempre minimizar al máximo el consumo del sistema. Previamente se estudiarán los posibles problemas que se encuentran al medir tiempos con un microcontrolador y los métodos más adecuados para ahorrar en el consumo. También se estudiará la técnica de Dynamic Power Management con la cual se implementará el sistema propuesto. También se estudiarán las características principales que debe tener nuestro microcontrolador para poder llevar a cabo el proyecto, como por ejemplo la posibilidad de trabajar dinámicamente con varios relojes o la posibilidad de activar varios modos de bajo consumo. Finalmente se mostrarán los resultados obtenidos, se analizará los logros conseguidos con el algoritmo propuesto y se propondrá nuevos caminos para la mejora y ampliación del sistema

Programación de un algoritmo de bajo consumo para medir intervalos de tiempo mediante el MSP430

Hoy en día empieza a ser una necesidad la aplicación de procesos controlados por microcontroladores destinados a bajo consumo, sobre todo en el campo de los sistemas autónomos. Se programará en un microcontrolador un algoritmo destinado a medir tiempos con la máxima resolución, precisión y exactitud posible teniendo en cuenta siempre minimizar al máximo el consumo del sistema. Previamente se estudiarán los posibles problemas que se encuentran al medir tiempos con un microcontrolador y los métodos más adecuados para ahorrar en el consumo. También se estudiará la técnica de Dynamic Power Management con la cual se implementará el sistema propuesto. También se estudiarán las características principales que debe tener nuestro microcontrolador para poder llevar a cabo el proyecto, como por ejemplo la posibilidad de trabajar dinámicamente con varios relojes o la posibilidad de activar varios modos de bajo consumo. Finalmente se mostrarán los resultados obtenidos, se analizará los logros conseguidos con el algoritmo propuesto y se propondrá nuevos caminos para la mejora y ampliación del sistema

Multidisciplinary Assessment of Nature-Based Strategies to Address Groundwater Overexploitation and Drought Risk in Medina Del Campo Groundwater Body

[EN] Five decades of intensive groundwater exploitation have brought important economic, social and environmental changes in Medina del Campo Groundwater Body (MCGWB). Declining piezometric levels have worsened water quality, increased the costs of water supply and abstraction, and drained connected wetlands and rivers. This chapter presents the different methods and tools developed to assess the impacts and effectiveness for adaptation to droughts of the selected NAS strategies in biophysical, economic and social terms. It follows the methodologies presented in Chaps. 4, 5 and 6. It also summarizes the approaches for integrating all these assessments, as well as the main conclusions and lessons learnt. Important progress has been achieved on understanding and modelling the aquifer-system dynamics and functioning. First, geological and geophysical data analysis, debugging and integration have provided a basis for constructing a set of geological models of the MCGWB. Second, water balance components need to be updated through a deeper analysis of the recharge and groundwater abstractions (pumping). Third, a trend analysis of critical groundwater-related ecosystem services (GRES) and piezometric levels points at groundwater abstraction reductions as the most effective measure for a widespread recovery of the groundwater levels and storage. Fifth, the proposed managed artificial recharge would have limited effects on the recovery of the surface water bodies and no effect on the groundwater bodies. Sixth, the environmental reconstruction from a sedimentary record of the main wetland bed (Lagunas Reales) provides a reference knowledge base to understand the system response to human and climate changes. Finally, different barriers for design and implementation of NAS strategies have been identified and evaluated. Particularly, the lack of effective interaction mechanisms among the different actors involved/interested in the process could play a key role in the future.Peer reviewe

Cualificación en los Objetivos establecidos en la Agenda 2030 de estudiantes y profesores en el Máster Universitario en Profesor de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria y Bachillerato, Formación Profesional y Enseñanza de Idiomas (MUPES)

Memoria ID2022-157 Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2022-2023

Efficacy of clozapine versus standard treatment in adult individuals with intellectual disability and treatment-resistant psychosis (CLOZAID): study protocol of a multicenter randomized clinical trial

BackgroundIntellectual disability (ID) affects approximately 1% of the worldwide population and individuals with ID have a higher comorbidity with mental illness, and specifically psychotic disorders. Unfortunately, among individuals with ID, limited research has been conducted since ID individuals are usually excluded from mental illness epidemiological studies and clinical trials. Here we perform a clinical trial to investigate the effectiveness of clozapine in the treatment of resistant psychosis in individuals with ID. The article highlights the complexity of diagnosing and treating psychopathological alterations associated with ID and advocates for more rigorous research in this field.MethodsA Phase IIB, open-label, randomized, multicenter clinical trial (NCT04529226) is currently ongoing to assess the efficacy of oral clozapine in individuals diagnosed with ID and suffering from treatment-resistant psychosis. We aim to recruit one-hundred and fourteen individuals (N=114) with ID and resistant psychosis, who will be randomized to TAU (treatment as usual) and treatment-with-clozapine conditions. As secondary outcomes, changes in other clinical scales (PANSS and SANS) and the improvement in functionality, assessed through changes in the Euro-QoL-5D-5L were assessed. The main outcome variables will be analyzed using generalized linear mixed models (GLMM), assessing the effects of status variable (TAU vs. Clozapine), time, and the interaction between them.DiscussionThe treatment of resistant psychosis among ID individuals must be directed by empirically supported research. CLOZAID clinical trial may provide relevant information about clinical guidelines to optimally treat adults with ID and treatment-resistant psychosis and the benefits and risks of an early use of clozapine in this underrepresented population in clinical trials.Trial registrationClinicaltrials.gov: NCT04529226. EudraCT: 2020-000091-37

Dietary α‐Linolenic Acid, Marine ω‐3 Fatty Acids, and Mortality in a Population With High Fish Consumption: Findings From the PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea (PREDIMED) Study

Background: Epidemiological evidence suggests a cardioprotective role of α‐linolenic acid (ALA), a plant‐derived ω‐3 fatty acid. It is unclear whether ALA is beneficial in a background of high marine ω‐3 fatty acids (long‐chain n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids) intake. In persons at high cardiovascular risk from Spain, a country in which fish consumption is customarily high, we investigated whether meeting the International Society for the Study of Fatty Acids and Lipids recommendation for dietary ALA (0.7% of total energy) at baseline was related to all‐cause and cardiovascular disease mortality. We also examined the effect of meeting the society's recommendation for long‐chain n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (≥500 mg/day). Methods and Results: We longitudinally evaluated 7202 participants in the PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea (PREDIMED) trial. Multivariable‐adjusted Cox regression models were fitted to estimate hazard ratios. ALA intake correlated to walnut consumption (r=0.94). During a 5.9‐y follow‐up, 431 deaths occurred (104 cardiovascular disease, 55 coronary heart disease, 32 sudden cardiac death, 25 stroke). The hazard ratios for meeting ALA recommendation (n=1615, 22.4%) were 0.72 (95% CI 0.56–0.92) for all‐cause mortality and 0.95 (95% CI 0.58–1.57) for fatal cardiovascular disease. The hazard ratios for meeting the recommendation for long‐chain n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n=5452, 75.7%) were 0.84 (95% CI 0.67–1.05) for all‐cause mortality, 0.61 (95% CI 0.39–0.96) for fatal cardiovascular disease, 0.54 (95% CI 0.29–0.99) for fatal coronary heart disease, and 0.49 (95% CI 0.22–1.01) for sudden cardiac death. The highest reduction in all‐cause mortality occurred in participants meeting both recommendations (hazard ratio 0.63 [95% CI 0.45–0.87]). Conclusions: In participants without prior cardiovascular disease and high fish consumption, dietary ALA, supplied mainly by walnuts and olive oil, relates inversely to all‐cause mortality, whereas protection from cardiac mortality is limited to fish‐derived long‐chain n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Clinical Trial Registration URL: http://www.Controlled-trials.com/. Unique identifier: ISRCTN35739639

Programmable-System-on-Chip-based data acquisition system for educational purposes

The project aims to implement a PSoC DVK based DAS system learning resource. The idea is to provide a way to develop signal acquiring basic knowledge, as well as a tool to implement simple measures. In order to do it, hardware and software have been implemented. Hardware consists of PSoC DVK, which has the functions of AC and DC signal acquiring and generating, showing information about the selected function and the acquired signal through a display, and transmitting the acquired samples through the RS-232 communication. Software allows PSoC interacting and showing the acquired samples over the time and in a histogram. The system provides the capability for selecting the ADC type between an integrating, a SAR and a dual integrating. Also, different resolutions and sample rates can be selected. This allows having several configurations in order to study some signal acquiring features, such as the interference rejection capability of the integrating ADC compared to the SAR and the analog circuit response, or to study each ADC type signal acquiring. Finally, the system allows selecting the number of samples to be acquired between some preset quantities. It allows showing a detailed temporal representation of the samples acquired. Also, the input can be scaled in order to profit the ADC resolution for small amplitude signals